Publication: Erken dönem Gnostik Hıristiyanlarından Basilides ve takipçilerinin görüşleri
Abstract
Erken dönem Gnostik Hıristiyanlarından Basilides ve takipçilerinin görüşleri Bu çalışma, Hıristiyanlığın erken dönemlerinde (MS 132–135 civarı) İskenderiye'de ders vermiş olan Gnostik düşünür Basilides ve onun takipçilerini ele almaktadır. Hıristiyan ortodoks doktrininin oluşum sürecinde Basilides ve okulu sapkın olarak nitelendirilmiş; bu nedenle görüşlerine dair bilgiler günümüze yalnızca reddiye ve doksografi türündeki eserler aracılığıyla ulaşmıştır. Bununla birlikte, Nag Hammadi literatürünün keşfi, Basilidesçi düşüncenin yeniden değerlendirilmesi için yeni imkânlar sunmuştur. Çalışmanın temel amacı, mevcut kaynaklar ışığında Basilides ve takipçilerinin geliştirdiği öğretileri tarafsız ve analitik bir yaklaşımla ortaya koymaktır. Ayrıca Basilides'in, bilinen ilk Kutsal Kitap yorumcularından ve Hıristiyan filozoflarından biri olduğu gerçeğini vurgulayarak, onun felsefi sistemini nasıl inşa ettiğini ve hangi akımlardan etkilendiğini analiz etmek hedeflenmektedir. Tez, giriş, üç ana bölüm ve sonuç kısmından oluşmaktadır. Birinci bölümde, 2. yüzyıl İskenderiyesi'nde mevcut olan inanç ve felsefi akımların, Basilides'in Gnostik sistemi üzerindeki etkileri değerlendirilecek; Basilides'in hayatı ve takipçilerine ilişkin aktarımlar ile onlara atfedilen eserler ele alınacaktır. İkinci bölümde, Basilides ve okulunun Tanrı, evren ve insan anlayışları ayrıntılı biçimde incelenecektir. Üçüncü bölümde ise, etik görüşleri ile bunlarla yakından bağlantılı olan Mesih ve kurtuluş öğretisi tartışılacaktır. Sonuç bölümünde, çalışma boyunca elde edilen bulgular genel bir çerçevede yeniden gözden geçirilecektir. Basilides ve öğrencilerinin Gnostik sisteminin, günümüze ulaşabilen farklıkaynaklardan hareketle yeniden inşa edilmesi, erken dönem Hıristiyan düşüncesine dair önemli bir perspektif sunacaktır. Eserlerinin büyük ölçüde kaybolmuş olması nedeniyle akademik dünyada hak ettiği ilgiyi göremeyen Basilides ve okulunun, bu çalışma vesilesiyledaha kapsamlı araştırmalara konu edilmesi de temel hedeflerden biridir.
The views of the early Gnostic Christians basilides and his followers This study examines Basilides, a Gnostic thinker who taught in Alexandria during the early period of Christianity (ca. 132–135 CE), along with his followers. In the process of the formation of Christian Orthodox doctrine, Basilides and his school were labeled heretical, and therefore information about their views has survived only through refutations and doxographical writings. Nevertheless, the discovery of the Nag Hammadi literature has provided new opportunities for reassessing Basilidean thought. The primary aim of this study is to present the doctrines developed by Basilides and his followers through a neutral and analytical approach. It also seeks to highlight the fact that Basilides was among the earliest known interpreters of Scripture and Christian philosophers, and to analyze how he constructed his philosophical system and which intellectual currents influenced him. The thesis consists of an introduction, three main chapters, and a conclusion. The first chapter evaluates the religious and philosophical movements present in second-century Alexandria and their impact on Basilides' Gnostic system, as well as reports concerning his life, his followers, and the works attributed to them. The second chapter examines in detail the conceptions of God, the cosmos, and humanity within the Basilidean school. The third chapter discusses their ethical views and the closely related doctrines of Christ and salvation. The conclusion offers a general reassessment of the findings obtained throughout the study. Reconstructing the Basilidean system from extant sources provides a valuable perspective on early Christian thought. Moreover, since most of his writings have been lost, this study aims to draw further scholarly attention to Basilides and his school, who have long remained on the margins of academic research.
The views of the early Gnostic Christians basilides and his followers This study examines Basilides, a Gnostic thinker who taught in Alexandria during the early period of Christianity (ca. 132–135 CE), along with his followers. In the process of the formation of Christian Orthodox doctrine, Basilides and his school were labeled heretical, and therefore information about their views has survived only through refutations and doxographical writings. Nevertheless, the discovery of the Nag Hammadi literature has provided new opportunities for reassessing Basilidean thought. The primary aim of this study is to present the doctrines developed by Basilides and his followers through a neutral and analytical approach. It also seeks to highlight the fact that Basilides was among the earliest known interpreters of Scripture and Christian philosophers, and to analyze how he constructed his philosophical system and which intellectual currents influenced him. The thesis consists of an introduction, three main chapters, and a conclusion. The first chapter evaluates the religious and philosophical movements present in second-century Alexandria and their impact on Basilides' Gnostic system, as well as reports concerning his life, his followers, and the works attributed to them. The second chapter examines in detail the conceptions of God, the cosmos, and humanity within the Basilidean school. The third chapter discusses their ethical views and the closely related doctrines of Christ and salvation. The conclusion offers a general reassessment of the findings obtained throughout the study. Reconstructing the Basilidean system from extant sources provides a valuable perspective on early Christian thought. Moreover, since most of his writings have been lost, this study aims to draw further scholarly attention to Basilides and his school, who have long remained on the margins of academic research.