Publication: İlk epizod major depresyon ve yineleyici major depresyon grupları arasında yönetici işlev farklılıkları
Abstract
Amaç: Yineleyici majör depresyonu (YMD) olan hastaların, ilk epizot majör depresyon (İEMD) hastalarına göre yönetici işlevlerinin farklılıkları araştırılmamıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı bu iki majör depresyon alt grubunun yönetici işlevlerinin birbirleriyle ve sağlıklı kontrol grubuyla karşılaştırılmasıdır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya 19 İEMD hastası ile, yaş, cinsiyet ve eğitim durumu açısından uyumlu 14 YMD hastası ve 33 sağlıklı kontrol dahil edilmiştir. Tüm katılımcılara ilk oturumda SCID-1, Durumluluk Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri (DSKE), Kısa Akıl Muayenesi (KAM), Beck Depresyon Envanteri (BDE) uygulanmış, ikinci oturumda hastalara nöropsikolojik değerlendirme kapsamında Wisconsin Kart Eşleme Testi (WKET), Sözel Akıcılık Testi (SAT), Stroop Testi yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Testlerin tümünde majör depresyon gruplarının performansı kontrol grubundan düşüktür. YMD hastaları ile İEMD hastaları arasında depresyonun şiddeti ve anksiyete düzeyi açısından fark bulunmazken, YMD olan hastalarda WKET testinin perseverasyon eğilimini gösteren puanları diğer gruba göre anlamlı düzeyde yüksek ve kelime üretme performansı anlamlı düzeyde düşük bulunmuştur. YMD hastalarının % 63,5'i ikinci, % 22,2'si üçüncü ve % 14,2'sinin ise dördüncü epizotunu geçirmekte olduğu tespit edildi. Epizot sayısı ile WKET'in perseveratif yanıt alt puanı arasında bağıntı gözlenmiştir. Sonuç: YMD hastalarının İEMD hastalarına göre yönetici işlev bozukluğunun daha belirgin olduğu ve perseverasyon eğilimi gösterdikleri sonucuna varılabilir. Epizot sayıları ile perseverasyon eğilimi bağıntılıdır.
Objectives: The differences between recurrent episodes and first episode depression among depressive patients in terms of executive functions had not previously been investigated. In this study, we aimed to explore executive function differences between patient groups with depression and healthy control subjects. Method: 19 first episode sufferers of depression, 14 sufferers of recurrent major depression and 33 healthy subjects, selected as suitable with regard to gender and educational level, were enrolled in this study. In the first session, we applied the SCID-I, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Mini Mental Test (MMT) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). In the second session we applied neuropsychological tests including the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Verbal Fluency Test (VFT) and Stroop Tests to all participants. Results: Patients with depression exhibited worse performance in all tests compared to control subjects. While there were no differences between first episode and recurrent depression patients in terms of depression severity and anxiety levels, recurrent depression patients had significantly more perseveration tendency in WCST and significantly worse performance in word production. Among patients in the recurrent depression group, 63,5% had second, 22,2% third, 14,2% had had a fourth episode. There is a significant correlation between the number of depressive episode and the perseveration tendency in WCST. Discussion: The results indicate that, compared to first episode depression, the patients with recurrent depression have worse executive function performance and perseveration tendencies. Episode quantity and perseveration tendency were associated.
Objectives: The differences between recurrent episodes and first episode depression among depressive patients in terms of executive functions had not previously been investigated. In this study, we aimed to explore executive function differences between patient groups with depression and healthy control subjects. Method: 19 first episode sufferers of depression, 14 sufferers of recurrent major depression and 33 healthy subjects, selected as suitable with regard to gender and educational level, were enrolled in this study. In the first session, we applied the SCID-I, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Mini Mental Test (MMT) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). In the second session we applied neuropsychological tests including the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Verbal Fluency Test (VFT) and Stroop Tests to all participants. Results: Patients with depression exhibited worse performance in all tests compared to control subjects. While there were no differences between first episode and recurrent depression patients in terms of depression severity and anxiety levels, recurrent depression patients had significantly more perseveration tendency in WCST and significantly worse performance in word production. Among patients in the recurrent depression group, 63,5% had second, 22,2% third, 14,2% had had a fourth episode. There is a significant correlation between the number of depressive episode and the perseveration tendency in WCST. Discussion: The results indicate that, compared to first episode depression, the patients with recurrent depression have worse executive function performance and perseveration tendencies. Episode quantity and perseveration tendency were associated.