Publication: Müslim'in Kitâbü't-Temyîz'i ve hadis ilmi açısından değerlendirilmesi
Abstract
İlelü’l-hadîs ilmine dair kaleme alınan eserlerin en önemlilerinden biri hiç şüphesizMüslim’in et-Temyîz’idir. Müslim’in bu eseri yalnızca illetli hadisler hakkında bilgi verenbir eser değildir. Zira müellif eserde aslında illetli hadisler hakkında bilgi vermekten çokhadislerdeki illetlerin nasıl tespit edildiğini açıklamaktadır. Bu durum hem eserin içerisindemüellifin açıklamalarından hem de incelediği az sayıdaki hadisi detaylıca anlatmasındananlaşılmaktadır. et-Temyîz’in daha çok hadis tenkidine karşı eleştiri getirenlere bir cevap vehadis tenkidini, anlayamayıp öğrenmek isteyenlere anlatmak için yazıldığı anlaşılmaktadır.Müteahhir dönemde dar anlamda kullanılan illet, mütekkadim dönemde daha geniş birkullanım alanına sahiptir. Münekkitler rivayetlerdeki hata ve yanlışları rivayetleribirbirleriyle karşılaştırarak (muâraza) tespit etmekteydiler. Onlar bu yöntemle hem râvihem de rivâyet hakkında hükme varmaktaydılar. Müslim de et-Temyîz boyunca bu yöntemiuygulamış ve bunun nasıl yapıldığını rivayetler üzerinden göstermiştir. Onun tenkit ettiğirivayetler hakkındaki yargıları, genellikle erken dönem hadis münekkitleri ile uyumiçerisindedir. Bu durum hadis tenkit faaliyetinin muâraza ile gerçekleştiği hususunudesteklemektedir
The al-Tamyîz of Muslim is undoubtedly one of the most important of the worksthat written about ilalü'l-hadith knowledge. This work of Muslim is not only a work thatinform about the ilal of hadiths. Because in fact the author explains how identify of the illain the hadith rather than inform about the ilal of hadiths in work. This situation appear bothfrom the explains of the author in the work and from the detailed explanation of the fewhadiths that he examined. It is understood that written to explain those who want to learnand not understand the hadith critique and al-Tamyîz is mostly an answer to those whobring criticism against the hadith critique. The illa which is used in narrow sense during thelate period, has a wider area of use in early period. Critics were identify by comparing witheach other (muâradha) the errors and mistakes in the narrative. In this way, they weremaking a decision about both the narrative and the narrator. Also Muslim is used thismethod throughout al-Tamyîz and showed how it was done by narrations. His judgmentsabout the narrations that he criticized are generally in harmony with critics of early periodhadith. This situation supports the fact that the hadith critique activity is actualized bymuâradha.
The al-Tamyîz of Muslim is undoubtedly one of the most important of the worksthat written about ilalü'l-hadith knowledge. This work of Muslim is not only a work thatinform about the ilal of hadiths. Because in fact the author explains how identify of the illain the hadith rather than inform about the ilal of hadiths in work. This situation appear bothfrom the explains of the author in the work and from the detailed explanation of the fewhadiths that he examined. It is understood that written to explain those who want to learnand not understand the hadith critique and al-Tamyîz is mostly an answer to those whobring criticism against the hadith critique. The illa which is used in narrow sense during thelate period, has a wider area of use in early period. Critics were identify by comparing witheach other (muâradha) the errors and mistakes in the narrative. In this way, they weremaking a decision about both the narrative and the narrator. Also Muslim is used thismethod throughout al-Tamyîz and showed how it was done by narrations. His judgmentsabout the narrations that he criticized are generally in harmony with critics of early periodhadith. This situation supports the fact that the hadith critique activity is actualized bymuâradha.