Publication: ŞİRKETLERİN TARAF EHLİYETİ
Abstract
Taraf ehliyeti yargılamanın süjesi olma ehliyetidir ve hemen hemen tüm hukuk sistemlerinde olduğu gibi hukukumuzda da taraf ehliyeti, maddi hukuka atıf yapılarak belirlenmiştir. HMK m. 50 gereğince medeni haklardan yararlanama ehliyetine sahip olan, davada taraf ehliyetine de sahiptir. Bilindiği gibi gerçek ve tüzel kişilerin medeni haklardan yararlanma ehliyeti bulunmaktadır. Makale konusu kapsamında tüzel kişiliği bulunan şirketlerin taraf ehliyeti 6102 sayılı Türk Ticaret Kanunu çerçevesinde ince- lenmiştir. Bu konuyla ilgili olarak 6102 sayılı Kanunla getirilen en önemli değişiklik, mülga 6762 sayılı Türk Ticaret Kanunundan farklı olarak, ultra vires adı verilen şirketlerin hak ehliyetinin işletme konusu ile sınırlı olduğuna ilişkin ilkenin kaldırılmış olmasıdır. Her ne kadar söz konusu ilke, 6102 sayılı Kanunla kaldırılmış ise de ilgili ilkenin etkileri mevcut Kanunun şirketlerin temsiline ilişkin maddelerinde hala etkisini göstermektedir.
Jurisdictional party capacity is the capacity of being subj ect of the j urisdiction and under Turkish law, it is stipulated by a ref erral to material law like almost in every other legal system. The Code of Civil Procedure (CCP) art. 50 sets f orth that having the capacity to acquire rights, one shall also the j urisdictional capacity. As is known, the legal and the real persons have the capacity to acquire rights. In this article, the j urisdictional party capacity of the companies is analyzed in compliance with the Turkish Commercial Code (TCC) No. 6102. In this respect, when compared to the TCC NO. 6762, the most important change brought by the TCC No. 6102 is the abolition ultra vires p rinciple which restricts the capacity of the companies with the f ield of activity of the companies. Desp ite the abolition of ultra vires p rinciple, the ref lections of the p rinciple can still be observed in the articles stipulation the rep resentation of the companies.
Jurisdictional party capacity is the capacity of being subj ect of the j urisdiction and under Turkish law, it is stipulated by a ref erral to material law like almost in every other legal system. The Code of Civil Procedure (CCP) art. 50 sets f orth that having the capacity to acquire rights, one shall also the j urisdictional capacity. As is known, the legal and the real persons have the capacity to acquire rights. In this article, the j urisdictional party capacity of the companies is analyzed in compliance with the Turkish Commercial Code (TCC) No. 6102. In this respect, when compared to the TCC NO. 6762, the most important change brought by the TCC No. 6102 is the abolition ultra vires p rinciple which restricts the capacity of the companies with the f ield of activity of the companies. Desp ite the abolition of ultra vires p rinciple, the ref lections of the p rinciple can still be observed in the articles stipulation the rep resentation of the companies.