Publication: Şerhu Muhtasari'l-Kerhî'de asıl kavramı : zekat ve icâre bölümleri çerçevesinde bir inceleme
Abstract
İlimlerin ihtisaslaşma sürecinde önemli bir yeri olan tedvin faaliyeti fıkıh ilminde de gerçekleşmiş, Ebû Hanîfe’nin ders halkasında işlenen fıkhî meseleler öğrencileri tarafından kayıt altına alınarak mezhebin ve fıkıh ilminin ilk telifi üretilmiştir. Söz konusu faaliyetin sonucunda elde edilen eser fıkhın asıllarını ortaya koyma iddiası ile el-Asl şeklinde adlandırılmıştır. Süreç içerisinde sadece bir kitabın ismi olmanın yanı sıra el-asl, geniş bir anlam yelpazesine sahip olarak merkezî bir kavram haline gelmiştir. Kavramın kullanıldığı alanlardan biri fıkhın teorik zemininin inşa edildiği usûl-i fıkıh ilmi olup ilk defa Kerhî’nin kaleme aldığı risalede bu ilmin ilkeleri tesis edilmiş ve her bir ilkenin başına el-asl ifadesi getirilmiştir. Kerhî asılları yalnızca küçük risalesine hasretmeyip füru metni olan Muhtasar’ında da yoğun bir şekilde kullanmış ancak bu asılları sadece fıkıh meselelerine dair genel ilkeler şeklinde sunmamıştır. Kimi zaman konunun temellendirilmesi veya ferʿe hüküm veren asıl, kimi zaman da ihtilaf halinde tarafları temsil eden görüşlerin dayanağı olarak kabul etmiştir.
The activity of tadween, which has an important place in the process of specialization of sciences, also took place in the science of fiqh, and the first compilation of the madhhab and the science of fiqh was produced by recording the fiqh issues taught in Abu Hanīfa’s class circle by his students. The work obtained as a result of this activity was named al-Asl with the claim of revealing the principles of fiqh. In the process, al-asl, in addition to being the name of a book, became a central concept with a wide range of meanings. One of the fields in which the concept was used was the science of usul al-fiqh, in which the theoretical basis of fiqh was built, and in the treatise written by al-Karhī for the first time, the principles of this science were established and the term al-asl was introduced at the beginning of each principle. Al-Karhī did not confine asls to his small treatise and used it extensively in his furu text, al-Mukhtasar, but he did not present them only as general principles of fiqh. At times, he considered them as the basis for grounding the issue or ruling on the ferʿ, and at other times as the opinion representing the parties in case of a dispute.
The activity of tadween, which has an important place in the process of specialization of sciences, also took place in the science of fiqh, and the first compilation of the madhhab and the science of fiqh was produced by recording the fiqh issues taught in Abu Hanīfa’s class circle by his students. The work obtained as a result of this activity was named al-Asl with the claim of revealing the principles of fiqh. In the process, al-asl, in addition to being the name of a book, became a central concept with a wide range of meanings. One of the fields in which the concept was used was the science of usul al-fiqh, in which the theoretical basis of fiqh was built, and in the treatise written by al-Karhī for the first time, the principles of this science were established and the term al-asl was introduced at the beginning of each principle. Al-Karhī did not confine asls to his small treatise and used it extensively in his furu text, al-Mukhtasar, but he did not present them only as general principles of fiqh. At times, he considered them as the basis for grounding the issue or ruling on the ferʿ, and at other times as the opinion representing the parties in case of a dispute.
Description
Keywords
Asıl, Asl, Fıkıh, Fiqh, Hanefi, Islamic law, İslam hukuku, Kâide Khanafi, Karhî, Kerhî, Muhtasar, Mukhtasar, Principle