Publication: Sosyal güvenlik mevzuatı bağlamında işveren sorumluluk sigortası
Abstract
SOSYAL GÜVENLİK MEVZUATI BAĞLAMINDA İŞVEREN SORUMLULUK SİGORTASI Tüm dünyada olduğu gibi ülkemizde de iş kazası, çalışma hayatının en önemli sorunları arasında yer almaktadır. Ayrıca iş kazası neticesinde oluşan zararlarda, işçi ve işveren kadar Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu (SGK)’nın da oldukça önemli sorumlulukları bulunmaktadır. Ancak iş kazası sonucunda ortaya çıkan zarar, çoğu zaman SGK’nın sağladığı yararların üzerinde kalmakta ya da SGK tarafından işverene rücu edilmektedir. Böyle bir durumda İşveren Sorumluluk Sigortası (İSS) devreye girmekte ve iş kazasının SGK tarafından karşılanmayan kısımlarını teminat kapsamı altına alan bir güvence yöntemi olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. 6102 sayılı Türk Ticaret Kanunu (TTK) ve İşveren Sorumluluk Sigortası Genel Şartları (İSSGŞ)’deki düzenlemelerin yanı sıra Yargıtay 11. Hukuk Dairesinin içtihatlarına göre de bu güvence, poliçedeki karşılıklı mutabakat ile sağlanmaktadır. İlgili kararlar doğrultusunda; İSS’nin poliçesinde teminat limitinin şahıs başına net bir biçimde belirlenmiş olması, poliçenin kapsamına girecek olan taşeron veya alt işverenlerin ya da ek bir sözleşme ile belirlenecek olan ek teminatların poliçe kapsamında açık ve net bir biçimde belirtilmesi gerektiği görülmektedir. Dava masrafları ve avukatlık ücreti gibi ücretleri de teminat kapsamına dahil eden İSS, işveren bakımından oldukça elverişli bir sigorta türüdür. Son zamanlarda İSS poliçelerindeki artış, bu hususa ilişkin yeni ve güncel çalışmaların yapılmasının gerekliliğini göstermektedir. Bu çalışma ile alanda yapılacak mevzuat düzenlemeleri ve güncel çalışmalara katkı sunulması hedeflenmektedir.
EMPLOYER LIABILITY INSURANCE IN THE CONTEXT OF SOCIAL SECURITY LEGISLATION Occupational industrial accidents are among the most important problems of working life in our country as well as in the rest of the world. In addition, the Social Security Institution (SSI) has very important responsibilities, as well as the employer and the employee, in the damages resulting from occupational accidents. However, the damage resulting from a work accident often exceeds the benefits provided by SSI or is recourse to the employer by SSI. In such a case, Employer Liability Insurance (ELI) comes into play and emerges as an assurance method that covers the parts of the work accident that are not covered by the SSI. In addition to the regulations in the Turkish Commercial Code No. 6102 (TCC) and the General Conditions of Employer Liability Insurance (GCELI), this assurance is provided by mutual agreement in the policy, according to the jurisprudence of the 11th Civil Chamber of the Court of Cassation. In line with the relevant decisions; It is seen that the coverage limit must be clearly determined per person in the policy of the ELI, the subcontractors or sub-employers to be covered by the policy or the additional coverages to be determined by an additional contract should be clearly and specifically stated in the policy. ELI, which includes fees such as litigation costs and attorney's fees, is a very adequate type of insurance for the employer. The recent increase in ELI policies shows the necessity of conducting new and updated studies on this issue. With this study, it is aimed to contribute to the legislative arrangements and current studies in the field.
EMPLOYER LIABILITY INSURANCE IN THE CONTEXT OF SOCIAL SECURITY LEGISLATION Occupational industrial accidents are among the most important problems of working life in our country as well as in the rest of the world. In addition, the Social Security Institution (SSI) has very important responsibilities, as well as the employer and the employee, in the damages resulting from occupational accidents. However, the damage resulting from a work accident often exceeds the benefits provided by SSI or is recourse to the employer by SSI. In such a case, Employer Liability Insurance (ELI) comes into play and emerges as an assurance method that covers the parts of the work accident that are not covered by the SSI. In addition to the regulations in the Turkish Commercial Code No. 6102 (TCC) and the General Conditions of Employer Liability Insurance (GCELI), this assurance is provided by mutual agreement in the policy, according to the jurisprudence of the 11th Civil Chamber of the Court of Cassation. In line with the relevant decisions; It is seen that the coverage limit must be clearly determined per person in the policy of the ELI, the subcontractors or sub-employers to be covered by the policy or the additional coverages to be determined by an additional contract should be clearly and specifically stated in the policy. ELI, which includes fees such as litigation costs and attorney's fees, is a very adequate type of insurance for the employer. The recent increase in ELI policies shows the necessity of conducting new and updated studies on this issue. With this study, it is aimed to contribute to the legislative arrangements and current studies in the field.