Publication: Kuantum Mekaniği, Sosyal Bilimler Felsefesi ve Coğrafya
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Abstract
Fizik biliminde meydana gelen gelişmeler, doğa bilimlerinin epistemolojisinietkilemiştir. Sosyal bilimler ve daha özelde coğrafya uzun dönem bilimsel alandahakim konumda olan doğa bilimleri karşısında konumlanmaya çalışmıştır. Sosyalbilimler ve coğrafyanın kurumsallaşması 18. yüzyıla dayanmaktadır. Sosyal bilimlerinve coğrafyanın, konuları ele alma biçiminde, bilimsel iddialarında ve yaklaşımlarındabu dönemde hakim olan doğa bilimleri felsefesi etkili olmuştur. 20. yüzyıl başlarındafizik biliminde meydana gelen değişmeler kuantum mekaniğinin gündeme gelmesineve modern bilimin eleştirilmesi ve meşruiyetinin sarsılması ile sonuçlanmıştır.Kuantum mekaniğinin etkileri ve dönemin sosyal, ekonomik ve politik olaylarıbilimsel alanda paradigma dönüşümlerine yol açmıştır. Ortaya çıkan yeni durumdasosyal bilimler ve coğrafyanın felsefesinde değişimler yaşanmıştır. Bu dönemde sosyalbilimler ve coğrafya, modern doğa bilimlerinin meşruiyetinin sorgulandığı birortamda gerçek bilgiye ulaşmanın farklı yollarını aramış ve çok paradigmalı birdöneme girmiştir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, dönemin sosyal, ekonomik ve politikgelişmelerinin yanı sıra kuantum mekaniğinin sosyal bilimler ve coğrafya üzerindekietkilerini değerlendirmektir. Yapılan değerlendirmelere göre, kuantum mekaniği,sadece modern bilimin “bilimsellik” iddiasını sarsmakla kalmamış aynı zamandabilimsel araştırmaların ön yargıyla yapıldığını, “gerçeğin” kültürel faktörlere bağlıolduğunu, araştırmacının rolünün araştırmanın sonuçları üzerinde etkili ortayakoymuştur.
Developments in physics have affected the epistemology of natural sciences. Social_x000D_ sciences, and more particularly geography, have long been trying to take position_x000D_ themselves by natural sciences, which dominate the scientific field for a long time. The_x000D_ institutionalization of social science and geography goes back to the 18th century. The_x000D_ philosophy of natural sciences, dominated by social sciences, and geography, in its way_x000D_ of dealing with issues, scientific claims and approaches, has been influential. The_x000D_ changes that took place in physics in the early 20th century resulted in the coming of_x000D_ quantum mechanics and the criticism of modern science and its loss of legitimacy. The_x000D_ effects of quantum mechanics and the social, economic and political events of the period_x000D_ have led to scientific paradigm shifts in the field. In the emerging new situation, there_x000D_ have been changes in the philosophy of social sciences and geography. In this period,_x000D_ social sciences and geography have entered a multi-paradigmatic period, seeking_x000D_ different ways of achieving real knowledge in an environment where the legitimacy of_x000D_ modern natural sciences is questioned. The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate_x000D_ the effects of the quantum mechanics on social sciences and geography in addition to_x000D_ the social, economic and political developments of the period. According to the_x000D_ evaluations, quantum mechanics revealed that not only did undermine modern_x000D_ science’s "scientificnesss" claim but also set forth that scientific studies are prejudiced,_x000D_ and that "truth" depends on cultural factors, and the role of the researcher has an effect_x000D_ on research results.
Developments in physics have affected the epistemology of natural sciences. Social_x000D_ sciences, and more particularly geography, have long been trying to take position_x000D_ themselves by natural sciences, which dominate the scientific field for a long time. The_x000D_ institutionalization of social science and geography goes back to the 18th century. The_x000D_ philosophy of natural sciences, dominated by social sciences, and geography, in its way_x000D_ of dealing with issues, scientific claims and approaches, has been influential. The_x000D_ changes that took place in physics in the early 20th century resulted in the coming of_x000D_ quantum mechanics and the criticism of modern science and its loss of legitimacy. The_x000D_ effects of quantum mechanics and the social, economic and political events of the period_x000D_ have led to scientific paradigm shifts in the field. In the emerging new situation, there_x000D_ have been changes in the philosophy of social sciences and geography. In this period,_x000D_ social sciences and geography have entered a multi-paradigmatic period, seeking_x000D_ different ways of achieving real knowledge in an environment where the legitimacy of_x000D_ modern natural sciences is questioned. The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate_x000D_ the effects of the quantum mechanics on social sciences and geography in addition to_x000D_ the social, economic and political developments of the period. According to the_x000D_ evaluations, quantum mechanics revealed that not only did undermine modern_x000D_ science’s "scientificnesss" claim but also set forth that scientific studies are prejudiced,_x000D_ and that "truth" depends on cultural factors, and the role of the researcher has an effect_x000D_ on research results.