Publication: Hilâl b. Muhassin es-Sâbî'nin gözünden Büveyhîler
Abstract
Hilâl b. Muhassin es-Sâbî el-Harrânî, 359-448/ 970-1056 yılları arasında Büveyhîlerin hakimiyetindeki Bağdat’ta yaşamıştır. Harran kökenli Sâbî bir aileye mensup olan Hilâl b. Muhassin, küçük yaşlarından itibaren dil, belagat, astronomi, tıp ve tarih ilimlerine dair dönemin önde gelen alimlerinden dersler almış ve yıllar içerisinde edindiği birikimle Bağdat’ın şöhret bulmuş edîp ve tarihçilerinden biri olmuştur. Elde ettiği başarılarda nesillerdir devlete hizmet eden bürokrat, hekim ve astronomlar yetiştiren Zehrûn ailesinin bir ferdi olmasının payı hiç şüphesiz oldukça büyüktür. Bu sayede hem ilmî hem de meslekî açıdan doğru yönlendirilmiş ve tevârüsen elde ettiklerini ileriye taşımak suretiyle haklı bir şöhrete kavuşmuştur. Dîvân-ı inşâ katipliğine kadar yükselen müellifimiz makamı sayesinde döneminin önemli hadiselerini yakından müşahede etme imkanına kavuşmuş, bunları kaydederek birincil kaynak statüsünde eserler kaleme almıştır. Büveyhîlerin Irak’ta hâkim olduğu dönemin bizzat şahidi olan müellifin Büveyhî-Abbâsî tarihine dair önemli bir kaynak olduğu görülmektedir. Rüsûmü dâr’il-hilâfe adlı eserinde Adudüddevle (978-983) ve Samsâmüddevle (983-987, 989-998) dönemleri ile ilgili önemli malumatlar aktaran müellif, Kitâbü’t-Târîh adlı eserinde ise Bahâüddevle (989-1012) döneminin siyasi ve sosyal gelişmelerini tafsilatlı şekilde ele almaktadır. Çalışmamızda Hilâl es-Sâbî’nin hayatı ve ilmî yönü ilk dönem kaynaklar üzerinden incelenmiş, eserleri kaynaklık değeri bakımından tahlil edilmiştir. Ayrıca Rüsûmü dâr’il-hilâfe ve Kitâbü’t-Târîh eserlerinden hareketle Büveyhî tarihi ele alınmıştır.
Hilāl b. Muhassin al-Sābī al-Harrānī lived between 359-448/ 970-1056 in Baghdad, which was under the rule of the al-Buwayhids. Hilāl b. al-Muḥassin, who belonged to a Sabī family of Harran origin, took lessons in language, rhetoric, astronomy, medicine, and history from an early age from the leading scholars of his time, and became one of Baghdad's renowned editors and historians with the knowledge he acquired over the years. The fact that he was a member of the Zehrūn family, which raised bureaucrats, physicians and astronomers who served the state for generations, undoubtedly played a major role in his success. In this way, he was guided in the right direction both scientifically and professionally and gained a well-deserved reputation by carrying forward what he had inherited. Our author, who rose to the position of the clerk of Dīvān al-Īnṣā, had the opportunity to closely observe the important events of his time and recorded them and wrote works with the status of primary sources. The author, who was a personal witness of the period in which the Buwayhids were dominant in Iraq, is an important source on the history of the al-Buwayhid-Abbasids. In his work Rüsûmü dâr'il-hilāfa, he provides important information about the periods of 'Adud al-Dawla (978-983) and Samsām al-Dawla (983-987, 989-998), and in Kitāb al-Tārīh, he discusses the political and social developments of Bahā al-Dawla (989-1012) in detail. In our study, Hilāl al-Sābī's life and scholarly direction were examined through early sources, and his works were analyzed in terms of their source value. In addition, the history of al-Buwayhī is discussed based on his works Rüsūm al-dār al-khilāfa and Kitāb al-Ṭārīh.
Hilāl b. Muhassin al-Sābī al-Harrānī lived between 359-448/ 970-1056 in Baghdad, which was under the rule of the al-Buwayhids. Hilāl b. al-Muḥassin, who belonged to a Sabī family of Harran origin, took lessons in language, rhetoric, astronomy, medicine, and history from an early age from the leading scholars of his time, and became one of Baghdad's renowned editors and historians with the knowledge he acquired over the years. The fact that he was a member of the Zehrūn family, which raised bureaucrats, physicians and astronomers who served the state for generations, undoubtedly played a major role in his success. In this way, he was guided in the right direction both scientifically and professionally and gained a well-deserved reputation by carrying forward what he had inherited. Our author, who rose to the position of the clerk of Dīvān al-Īnṣā, had the opportunity to closely observe the important events of his time and recorded them and wrote works with the status of primary sources. The author, who was a personal witness of the period in which the Buwayhids were dominant in Iraq, is an important source on the history of the al-Buwayhid-Abbasids. In his work Rüsûmü dâr'il-hilāfa, he provides important information about the periods of 'Adud al-Dawla (978-983) and Samsām al-Dawla (983-987, 989-998), and in Kitāb al-Tārīh, he discusses the political and social developments of Bahā al-Dawla (989-1012) in detail. In our study, Hilāl al-Sābī's life and scholarly direction were examined through early sources, and his works were analyzed in terms of their source value. In addition, the history of al-Buwayhī is discussed based on his works Rüsūm al-dār al-khilāfa and Kitāb al-Ṭārīh.