Publication: Evde Bakım Gerektiren Hastaların Bakım Gereksinimleri ile Bakım Verenlerin Yükünün Değerlendirilmesi
Abstract
Giriş: Nüfusun yaşlanması, özürlülük ve kronik hastalıkların dünyada ve ülkemizde giderek artması evde bakım hizmetlerine olan gereksinimi artırmaktadır. Bu araştırma, evde bakım verilen hastaların sorunlarının ve bakım gereksinimlerinin belirlenmesi, bu hastalara primer bakım veren kişilerin yaşadıkları güçlükler ve bakım yükünün incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Araştırmanın örneklemini, bir kamu hastanesinde evde sağlık birimine kayıtlı 177 hasta ve 177 primer bakım verenler oluşturmuş- tur. Verilerin analizinde; sayı, yüzde, ortalama dağılımları, Student t testi, varyans analizi, Mann Whitney U ve Kruskall Wallis testleri ile korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırma kapsamındaki hastaların çoğunluğunun kadın, 76 yaş ve üstü yaş grubunda, en az bir kronik hastalığının olduğu ve psiko-sosyal sorunlar yaşadığı saptanmıştır. Hastalar, günlük yaşam aktiviteleri (GYA) yönünden yarı bağımlı durumdadır. Bakım verenlerin çoğunluğu kadın, 46 - 64 yaş grubunda, ilkokul mezunu ve ev hanımıdır. Bakım verenlerin yükü değerlendirildiğinde; en yüksek ortalama zaman bağımlılık yükü ve fiziksel yük alt boyutlarında, en düşük ortalama ise duygusal yük alt boyutunda hesaplanmıştır. Hastaların GYAne göre bağımlılık durumu arttıkça bakım verenlerin zaman bağımlılık yükünün arttığı, duygusal yükünün azaldığı bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Bu sonuçlar, evde bakım hizmeti sunan kuruluşlar ve evde bakım hizmetinde görev alan sağlık ekibi üyeleri için hasta ve bakım verenlerin sorunlarını ve gereksinimlerini göstermektedir.
Introduction: The growing need for home care services is due to not only the rising age of the population, but also the increasing rate of disabilities and chronic illnesses in Turkey and around the world. This study was designed to determine the needs of home care patients, their primary caregivers problems, and to analyze the burdens of care. Methods: The sample of the research includes 177 patients and their 177 primary caregivers who were registered in a database of a public hospital offering home care services. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistical methods in addition to the Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U, Student t-test variance analysis and correlation test were used. Results:In the study, most of the patients were women age 76 or higher, had at least one chronic illness, and were found to have psycho-social problems. The patients were semi-dependent according to activities of daily living. Most of the primary caregivers were women and between the ages of 46 and 64. They were mostly elementary-school graduates and housewives. When the caregivers responsibilities were identified, the highest factors were time dependency and physical dependency. On the other hand, the lowest factor was emotional dependency. It was also found that when the patients dependency increased according to ADL, the burden of time dependency of the caregivers also increased while emotional dependency decreased. Conclusion: The results of this study show the needs and the problems of patients and their caregivers to home care organizations and health care professionals.
Introduction: The growing need for home care services is due to not only the rising age of the population, but also the increasing rate of disabilities and chronic illnesses in Turkey and around the world. This study was designed to determine the needs of home care patients, their primary caregivers problems, and to analyze the burdens of care. Methods: The sample of the research includes 177 patients and their 177 primary caregivers who were registered in a database of a public hospital offering home care services. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistical methods in addition to the Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U, Student t-test variance analysis and correlation test were used. Results:In the study, most of the patients were women age 76 or higher, had at least one chronic illness, and were found to have psycho-social problems. The patients were semi-dependent according to activities of daily living. Most of the primary caregivers were women and between the ages of 46 and 64. They were mostly elementary-school graduates and housewives. When the caregivers responsibilities were identified, the highest factors were time dependency and physical dependency. On the other hand, the lowest factor was emotional dependency. It was also found that when the patients dependency increased according to ADL, the burden of time dependency of the caregivers also increased while emotional dependency decreased. Conclusion: The results of this study show the needs and the problems of patients and their caregivers to home care organizations and health care professionals.