Publication: Bedreddin Ahmed et-Tîbî’nin el-Müfîd fi’t-Tecvîd adlı eseri ve el Mukaddimetü’l–Cezeriyye ile mukayesesi
Abstract
Kur’an harflerinin mahreç ve sıfatlarının konu edildiği bir ilim olan tecvîd, tarih boyunca kıraat öğretiminin de ilk basamağını teşkil etmiştir. Müstakil bir ilim halinde ortaya çıkışı ise h. III. (m. IX.) yüzyılın ikinci yarısı ile h. IV. (m. X.) yüzyılın ilk yarısında yaşayan âlimlerin yazdığı eserlerle gerçekleşmiştir. Mûsâ b. Ubeydillâh b. Yahyâ el-Hâkânî (ö. 325/ 937) ile başlayan telifler Ebu’l-Hasan es-Sa’îdî (ö. 410/ 1019), Mekkî b. Ebî Tâlib (ö. 437/ 1045), Ebû Amr ed-Dânî (ö. 444/ 1053), Ahmed b. Hasan el-Hemedânî (ö. 569/ 1174) ile devam etmiş İbnü’l-Cezerî (ö.833/ 1429) ile zirveye taşınmıştır. İbnü’l-Cezerî’nin vefatından bir asır sonra yaşamış olan Ahmed et-Tîbî’nin (ö. 979/ 1572) el-Müfid fi’t-tecvîd adlı manzumesi İbnü’l-Cezerî’nin Mukaddime adlı eserinde yer vermediği konuları da barındırdığından birçok tecvîd âlimi tarafından Mukaddime’nin tamamlayıcısı olarak kabul edilmiştir. Araştırmamız temelde giriş ve üç ana bölümden oluşmaktadır. Giriş bölümünde çalışmamızın konusu, önemi, metodu ve son olarak da Ahmed et-Tîbî hakkında yapılan çalışmalardan bahsedilecektir. Birinci bölümde Ahmed et-Tîbî’nin hayatı ve ilmi kişiliği, öne çıkan hocaları, talebeleri ve ardından eserleri hakkında bilgi verilecektir. Ele aldığımız iki eserin manzume olması sebebiyle tecvîd manzume geleneği hakkında da kısaca bilgi verilecektir. İkinci bölümde İbnü’l-Cezerî’nin kısa hayatı, hocaları talebeleri ve akabinde tecvîde dair eserleri ele alınacaktır. Son bölümde ise Tîbî’nin el-Müfid fi’t-tecvîd adlı eseri incelenecek ve İbnü’l-Cezerî’nin el-Mukadime adlı eseriyle mukayesesi yapılacaktır.
Tajwîd, which is a branch of science in which the origins and attributes of the letters of the Qur'an are discussed, it has also constituted the first step of teaching recitation throughout history. Its emergence as an independent branch of science was realized by the works written by scholars living in between second half of 3rd (9th) century and first half of the 4th (10th) century. These works starting with Hakani (d. 325/ 937) continued with Abu al-Hasan As-Sa'idi (d. 410/ 1019), Makki b. Abi Talib (d. 437/ 1045), Abu Amr ad-Dani (d. 444/ 1053), Ahmad b. Hasan al-Hamedani (d. 569/ 1174) and reached to its peak with Ibn al-Jazari (d. 833/ 1429). Ahmed At-Tibi (d. 979/ 1572), who lived a century after Ibnul-Jazari’s death, his poetical work “Al-Mufid fi At-Tejweed” can be found in Ibnul-Jazari’s “Muqaddimah” It has been accepted as a complement to the Muqaddimah by many tajweed scholars, since it contains topics that are not included. In this research, Ahmed At-Tibi’s life and his work “Al-Mufid fi At-Tajweed”, will be discussed. Our research basically consists of an introduction and three chapters. In the introduction, the subject and importance of this research, its method and sources, and the Works done on Ahmed At-Tibi will be discussed. In the first chapter, information will be given about the life and scholarly personality of Ahmed At-Tibi, his prominent teachers and his works. In the second chapter, Ibn al-Jazari's life, his teachers, his students and his works on tajweed will be discussed. Due to the fact that the two works we have discussed are poetic, brief information will be given about the tradition of tajvîd verse. In the third and last chapter of this research, the common and divergent points between Tibi's Al-Mufid fi At-Tejweed and İbnul-Jazari's Al-Muqaddimah will be explained.
Tajwîd, which is a branch of science in which the origins and attributes of the letters of the Qur'an are discussed, it has also constituted the first step of teaching recitation throughout history. Its emergence as an independent branch of science was realized by the works written by scholars living in between second half of 3rd (9th) century and first half of the 4th (10th) century. These works starting with Hakani (d. 325/ 937) continued with Abu al-Hasan As-Sa'idi (d. 410/ 1019), Makki b. Abi Talib (d. 437/ 1045), Abu Amr ad-Dani (d. 444/ 1053), Ahmad b. Hasan al-Hamedani (d. 569/ 1174) and reached to its peak with Ibn al-Jazari (d. 833/ 1429). Ahmed At-Tibi (d. 979/ 1572), who lived a century after Ibnul-Jazari’s death, his poetical work “Al-Mufid fi At-Tejweed” can be found in Ibnul-Jazari’s “Muqaddimah” It has been accepted as a complement to the Muqaddimah by many tajweed scholars, since it contains topics that are not included. In this research, Ahmed At-Tibi’s life and his work “Al-Mufid fi At-Tajweed”, will be discussed. Our research basically consists of an introduction and three chapters. In the introduction, the subject and importance of this research, its method and sources, and the Works done on Ahmed At-Tibi will be discussed. In the first chapter, information will be given about the life and scholarly personality of Ahmed At-Tibi, his prominent teachers and his works. In the second chapter, Ibn al-Jazari's life, his teachers, his students and his works on tajweed will be discussed. Due to the fact that the two works we have discussed are poetic, brief information will be given about the tradition of tajvîd verse. In the third and last chapter of this research, the common and divergent points between Tibi's Al-Mufid fi At-Tejweed and İbnul-Jazari's Al-Muqaddimah will be explained.