Publication: Basın iş sözleşmesinin feshi
Abstract
Ülkemizde basın sektörü İş Kanunu dışında ayrı ve özel bir kanunla düzenlenmiştir. 5953 sayılı “Basın Mesleğinde Çalışanlarla Çalıştıranlar Arasındaki Münasebetlerin Tanzimi Hakkında Kanun” 20 Haziran 1952’de yürürlüğe girmiştir. Özellikle basın iş sözleşmesinin feshine ilişkin hükümlerde, gazetecilerin özel çalışma şartları ile ilgili olmayan, Türk Borçlar Kanunu ve İş Kanununa göre yapıldığı döneme nazaran daha koruyucu ve gelişmiş haklar sağlayan ancak günümüz gelişmelerinin gerisinde kalan düzenlemeler mevcuttur. Basın iş sözleşmesinin bildirimli feshinde, bildirim süreleri, sözleşmeyi fesheden tarafa ve gazetecinin kıdemine göre değişiklik göstermektedir. 4857 sayılı İş Kanununda düzenlenen iş güvencesi hükümleri kıyasen gazetecilere uygulanırken bazı uyarlamalar yapmak gerekmiştir. Basın İş Kanunundaki haklı nedenle fesih hallerinin sınırlı sayıda düzenlenmiş olmasından dolayı uygulamada uyuşmazlıkların çözümü adına farklı görüşler benimsenmiştir. Basın iş sözleşmesinin haklı nedenle feshedilebileceği hallerin tespitinde ortaya çıkan uyuşmazlık, basın iş sözleşmesinin feshi halinde gazeteciye ihbar ve kıdem tazminatı ödenmesi konusunda da kendini göstermiştir. Çalışmamızda Türk Borçlar Kanunu, İş Kanunu ve Basın İş Kanununu birlikte değerlendirilerek basın iş sözleşmesinin feshi ve sonuçları ayrıntıları ile ele alınmıştır.
The press sector in Turkey is regulated by a separate and special law other than Labor Law. The Law No. 5953 on “Arrangement of Relations between Employees and Employers in the Press Sector” was entered into force on June 20, 1952. Particularly, in the provisions relating to the termination of the press labor agreement, there are regulations which are not related to the special working conditions of journalists, which provide more protective and developed rights than the period in which Turkish Code of Obligations and Labor Law are made; however, which fall behind today’s developments. In case of termination of press labor agreement upon notification, the notice periods shall vary depending on the party terminating the agreement and the seniority of the journalist. While the provisions of job security regulated in Labor Law No. 4857 are applied to the journalists, some adjustments have been required. Due to the fact that the cases of termination with a valid reason are regulated in a limited number in the Press Labor Law, different opinions have been adopted for the resolution of disputes in practice. The dispute emerging in the determination of the cases where the press labor agreement may be terminated with a valid reason has also manifested in the payment of severance and notice pay to the journalist, in case of the termination of the press labor agreement. In our study, the termination of the press labor agreement and its results have been discussed in detail by considering Turkish Code of Obligations, Labor Law and Press Labor Agreement together.
The press sector in Turkey is regulated by a separate and special law other than Labor Law. The Law No. 5953 on “Arrangement of Relations between Employees and Employers in the Press Sector” was entered into force on June 20, 1952. Particularly, in the provisions relating to the termination of the press labor agreement, there are regulations which are not related to the special working conditions of journalists, which provide more protective and developed rights than the period in which Turkish Code of Obligations and Labor Law are made; however, which fall behind today’s developments. In case of termination of press labor agreement upon notification, the notice periods shall vary depending on the party terminating the agreement and the seniority of the journalist. While the provisions of job security regulated in Labor Law No. 4857 are applied to the journalists, some adjustments have been required. Due to the fact that the cases of termination with a valid reason are regulated in a limited number in the Press Labor Law, different opinions have been adopted for the resolution of disputes in practice. The dispute emerging in the determination of the cases where the press labor agreement may be terminated with a valid reason has also manifested in the payment of severance and notice pay to the journalist, in case of the termination of the press labor agreement. In our study, the termination of the press labor agreement and its results have been discussed in detail by considering Turkish Code of Obligations, Labor Law and Press Labor Agreement together.