Publication: Karesi sancağında bor madeni işletmeciliği (1865-1887)
Abstract
Bu tezin amacı Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda 1865 – 1887 yılları arasında Karesi’de Fırt bölgesinde borasit madenini keşfedip işletmeye başlayan Camille Desmazures ve onun kurduğu Compaigne Industrielle Desmazures şirketinin faaliyetleri anlatılmasıdır. Şirketin 1865’teki kuruluşundan 1887’de The Borax Company Limited şirketine devredilişine kadar Camille Desmazures’ün borasitli alçı madenleri için diğer şirketlerle ve Osmanlı İmparatorluğu merkezi ve mahalli kurumlarıyla kurduğu ilişkiler incelenecektir. Borasitli alçı madeni işletmesine yeni taliplerin çıkması Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun yeni keşfedilen borasiti Maden Nizamnamesi kapsamına almasını kolaylaştırır. 1874 -1887 yılını kapsayan bu süreçte imparatorlukta borasitin geleceği için birçok senaryo tartışılır. Borasitli alçı madeni önündeki belirsizlik ve sorunlar Bâbıâli’yi Desmazures’ün imtiyazlı işletmesi hâricinde faaliyetlerini yürüten diğer şirketlerin çalışmalarını durdurmaya sevk eder. 1887 yılına gelindiğinde Camille Desmazures, imparatorluğun içinde bulunduğu mali bunalımın da etkisiyle, uzun süredir istediği daha iyi koşullara sahip borasitli alçı madeni imtiyazını almayı başarır. Bu tezde belirtilen olaylar temel olarak arşiv belgelerine dayanır. Bu konuda yazılan çeşitli kaynaklarla da desteklenir. Camille Desmazures, Compaigne Industrielle Desmazures, Frederic Giove, Charles Hanson, Mihran Şirinyan, James William Whittall, Fırt, Sultançayırı, Susığırlık, Maden Nizamnamesi.
The main aim of this thesis is to shed light on the activities of Cemille Desmazures, explorer of the mine of Boracite and his company called Compaigne Industrielle Desmazures that continued its work located in the village of Fırt in Karesi between 1865-1887. Moreover, from 1856 the founding year of the establishment of Compaigne to the 1887 when the company decided to sell all the rights to The Borax Company Limited, the thesis examines the relationships of Compaigne Industrielle Desmazures among the Ottoman Empire, other companies that tried to invest in the Boracite in the same place, local governors and people in the region. Springing new companies that desire to operate the ore of the Boracite caused to add Boracite to the Mine Regulations. Between 1874-1887, the Ottoman administrators discussed several scenarios for the future of the mine. In the end of the discussion between companies and Ottoman bureaucracy, the Ottoman Empire decided to stop all regulations in the mine of the Boracite temporarily, except for Camille Desmazures. In 1887, Camille Desmazures benefitting from the economic troubles in the Ottoman Empire became successful in getting privileges of operating mine based on his terms. The thesis uses the archival material supporting secondary sources and current discussions. Key Words: Camille Desmazures, Compaigne Industrielle Desmazures, Frederic Giove, Charles Hanson, Mihran Şirinyan, James William Whittall, Fırt, Sultançayırı, Susığırlık, the Mining Regulations.
The main aim of this thesis is to shed light on the activities of Cemille Desmazures, explorer of the mine of Boracite and his company called Compaigne Industrielle Desmazures that continued its work located in the village of Fırt in Karesi between 1865-1887. Moreover, from 1856 the founding year of the establishment of Compaigne to the 1887 when the company decided to sell all the rights to The Borax Company Limited, the thesis examines the relationships of Compaigne Industrielle Desmazures among the Ottoman Empire, other companies that tried to invest in the Boracite in the same place, local governors and people in the region. Springing new companies that desire to operate the ore of the Boracite caused to add Boracite to the Mine Regulations. Between 1874-1887, the Ottoman administrators discussed several scenarios for the future of the mine. In the end of the discussion between companies and Ottoman bureaucracy, the Ottoman Empire decided to stop all regulations in the mine of the Boracite temporarily, except for Camille Desmazures. In 1887, Camille Desmazures benefitting from the economic troubles in the Ottoman Empire became successful in getting privileges of operating mine based on his terms. The thesis uses the archival material supporting secondary sources and current discussions. Key Words: Camille Desmazures, Compaigne Industrielle Desmazures, Frederic Giove, Charles Hanson, Mihran Şirinyan, James William Whittall, Fırt, Sultançayırı, Susığırlık, the Mining Regulations.