Publication: Bir yer iki algı : Filistin-İsrail sorunu
Abstract
Kenan Bölgesi tarihin her döneminde birçok millete ev sahipliği yapmıştır. Bundan dolayıdır ki bu bölge geçmişten günümüze kadar birçok milletin algısında önem arz etmektedir. Kenan Bölgesi’ne ayrıca değer katan bir husus ise din olgusudur. Monoteist dinlerin merkezi olma özelliği ile farklı medeniyetlerin, bu yere karşı değer ve yargılarının oluşmasına sebebiyet verecektir. Buna en güzel yer örneği ise Filistin olacaktır. Bu değer ve yargılar; farklı milletlerin tarihsel süreç içerisinde Filistin’de hâkimiyet kurma isteğini arttıracaktır.Yahudiler Kenan Bölgesi’nden sürüldükten sonra birçok devletin egemenliği altında yaşamışlardır. Lakin 19. yy’da, Avrupa’da Yahudilere karşı yapılan Antisemitizm faaliyetler sonucunda Yahudilerin bağımsız bir şekilde yaşama isteğini gündeme getirmiştir. Bununla ilgili resmi çalışmaları başlatan kişi ise Theodor Herzl olmuştur. İlk olarak; 1896 yılında yazmış olduğu “Yahudi Devleti” kitabında kurulacak olan Yahudi devletini anlatıp, sonrasında ise 1897 yılında toplanan Birinci Siyonist Kongre ile Yahudi devletinin kurulması hedef haline getirilmiştir.Siyonist faaliyetler sonucunda; Yahudilerin bölgeye yoğun göçleri artmış hatta ilerleyen zamanlarda bu göçlerin sorun haline gelmesi; 1948 yılında resmi olarak İsrail Devleti’nin kurulması ile sonuçlanmıştır. Bölge, bu tarihten sonra savaşların ana merkezi haline gelir. 1948-1956-1967 ve 1973 yıllarında yapılan Arap-İsrail Savaşları bölgede gerilimin daha da artmasına neden olmuştur. Bunun akabinde; bölge üzerinde gerilimleri azaltmak için İsrail ve Filistin arasında anlaşmalar, görüşmeler ve müzakereler yapılır. Lakin hepsi sonuçsuz kalmıştır. Yani günümüze bir yerle ilgili birçok sorun gelmiştir.Bu sorunları net bir şekilde anlamak için; Yahudilerin ve Filistinlilerin algılarındaki devleti net bir şekilde bilmemiz gerekecektir. Bunu bilebilmemiz için de şu sorulara cevap aramak gerekir;Filistin neresi?İsrail neresi?Yahudilere göre Filistin neresi? Filistinlilere göre İsrail neresi?Kudüs kim için ne kadar önemli?Bu sorular; Yahudilerin ve Filistinlilerin yapmış oldukları açıklamalar doğrultusunda Fenomenolojik yönteme bağlı kalınarak cevaplanmıştır. Böylelikle bu bölge ile deneyim kazanmış kişilerin gözünden Filistin-İsrail sorunu incelenmiş oldu.
Kenan Region has hosted many nations in every period of history. Therefore, this region is important in the perception of many nations from the past to the present. Another issue that adds value to the Kenan Region is the phenomenon of religion. With the feature of being the center of monoteist religions, it will lead to the formation of values and judgments of different civilizations towards this place. The best example of this will be Palestine. These values and judgments; it will increase the desire of different nations to dominate Palestine in the historical process.The Jews lived under the sovereignty of many states after being exiled from the Kenan District. However, in the 19th century, as a result of the anti-Semitic activities against Jews in Europe, the Jews' willingness to live independently was brought to the agenda. Theodor Herzl was the person who started the official work on this. Firstly; In the book Jewish State written in 1896, the Jewish state will be established and then the first Zionist Congress gathered in 1897 has made the establishment of the Jewish state.As a result of Zionist activities; The intense migration of the Jews to the region has increased and even these migrations become problems in the future; It resulted in the establishment of the State of Israel officially in 1948. The region becomes the main center of wars after this date. The Arab-Israeli Wars in 1948-1956-1967 and 1973 caused further tension in the region. Agreements, negotiations and negotiations are held between Israel and Palestine to reduce tensions on the region. However, all of them remained inconclusive. In other words, there are many problems related to a place.To understand these problems clearly; We will need to know the state clearly in the perceptions of Jews and Palestinians. In order for us to know this, it is necessary to seek answers to the following questions;Where is Palestine? Where is Israel? Where is Palestine according to Jews? Where is Israel according to the Palestinians? How important is Jerusalem to who?These questions are; In line with the statements made by the Jews and Palestinians, it was answered by adhering to the phenomenological method. Thus, the Palestinian-Israeli issue was examined through the eyes of those who have gained experience with this region.
Kenan Region has hosted many nations in every period of history. Therefore, this region is important in the perception of many nations from the past to the present. Another issue that adds value to the Kenan Region is the phenomenon of religion. With the feature of being the center of monoteist religions, it will lead to the formation of values and judgments of different civilizations towards this place. The best example of this will be Palestine. These values and judgments; it will increase the desire of different nations to dominate Palestine in the historical process.The Jews lived under the sovereignty of many states after being exiled from the Kenan District. However, in the 19th century, as a result of the anti-Semitic activities against Jews in Europe, the Jews' willingness to live independently was brought to the agenda. Theodor Herzl was the person who started the official work on this. Firstly; In the book Jewish State written in 1896, the Jewish state will be established and then the first Zionist Congress gathered in 1897 has made the establishment of the Jewish state.As a result of Zionist activities; The intense migration of the Jews to the region has increased and even these migrations become problems in the future; It resulted in the establishment of the State of Israel officially in 1948. The region becomes the main center of wars after this date. The Arab-Israeli Wars in 1948-1956-1967 and 1973 caused further tension in the region. Agreements, negotiations and negotiations are held between Israel and Palestine to reduce tensions on the region. However, all of them remained inconclusive. In other words, there are many problems related to a place.To understand these problems clearly; We will need to know the state clearly in the perceptions of Jews and Palestinians. In order for us to know this, it is necessary to seek answers to the following questions;Where is Palestine? Where is Israel? Where is Palestine according to Jews? Where is Israel according to the Palestinians? How important is Jerusalem to who?These questions are; In line with the statements made by the Jews and Palestinians, it was answered by adhering to the phenomenological method. Thus, the Palestinian-Israeli issue was examined through the eyes of those who have gained experience with this region.