Publication: Polonya Emeklilik Sistemine Dönüşüm
Abstract
Polonya emeklilik sisteminde ortaya çıkan sorunların çözümü için Dünya Bankası tarafından önerilen üç ayaklı bir model uygulayarak emeklilik sisteminde bir dönüşüm gerçekleştirmiştir. Bu sistemde, devlet sistemde kalırken, özel fonlarında sisteme girmesi sağlanmaktadır. Sistemde, birinci ayak zorunlu ve devlet tarafından, ikinci ayak zorunlu ve özel fonlar tarafından, üçüncü ayak isteğe bağlı ve mesleki kuruluşlar tarafından yürütülmektedir. Polonya'da uygulanan sistemin sonuçları emeklilik sisteminde kriz olan diğer ülkeler içinde önem taşımaktadır. 1999'da uygulamaya giren sistemde problemler yaşanmasına rağmen sistem başarıyla uygulanmış ve emeklilik sisteminde açıklar azalmıştır.
In order to solve the problems emerging in the retirement system of Poland, a transformation was performed by following a three pillar model which was proposed by World Bank. In this system, while state continues its existence in the system, entrance of private funds is maintained. In the system, the first pillar is mandatory and conducted by state. Second pillar is mandatory and conducted by private funds. Finally, the third pillar is arbitrary and conducted by Professional institutions. The system implemented in Poland bears importance for the countries that encounter crises in their retirement systems. Although some problems have occured, the system has been implemented succesfully since 1999 and the deficits in the retirement system has been diminished.
In order to solve the problems emerging in the retirement system of Poland, a transformation was performed by following a three pillar model which was proposed by World Bank. In this system, while state continues its existence in the system, entrance of private funds is maintained. In the system, the first pillar is mandatory and conducted by state. Second pillar is mandatory and conducted by private funds. Finally, the third pillar is arbitrary and conducted by Professional institutions. The system implemented in Poland bears importance for the countries that encounter crises in their retirement systems. Although some problems have occured, the system has been implemented succesfully since 1999 and the deficits in the retirement system has been diminished.