Publication: Probleme dayalı öğretimin farklı öğrenme stilleri ve zekâ alanlarına sahip öğrencilerin asitler ve bazlar konusunu öğrenmeleri üzerine etkisi
Abstract
Bireylerin birbirinden farklı algılama, olaylara farklı yaklaşma, farklı problemçözme tarzları ve öğrenme stilleri vardır. Bireysel özelliklerdeki farklılıklar farklıöğretim yöntemlerini gerektirmektedir. Bu çalışmada probleme dayalı öğretimegöre tasarlanmış etkinliklerin farklı zekâ alanına ve öğrenme stillerine sahip olanöğrencilerin öğrenmeleri üzerine olan etkisini belirlemek hedeflenmiştir. Buçerçevede çalışmanın amacı 10.sınıf Kimya dersi öğretim programında yer alan“Asitler ve Bazlar” ünitesi ile ilgili probleme dayalı öğretim tasarlamak ve farklızekâ alanlarına ve öğrenme stillerine sahip öğrencilerin öğrenmeleri üzerine etkisinibelirlemektir.Nicel araştırma geleneği temelinde zayıf deneysel desen olarak tasarlanan buçalışma 2017-2018 eğitim-öğretim yılında İstanbul’da bulunan bir devlet lisesindeokumakta olan 10.sınıf öğrencileri ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Öğrencilerin çoklu zekâalanları Çoklu Zekâ Envanteri, öğrenme stilleri ise Grasha Öğrenme StilleriEnvanteri ile belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilere öğretim öncesinde Bilimsel SüreçBecerileri ve Mantıksal Düşünme Yeteneği Testi uygulanmıştır. Etkinlikleruygulanmadan önce öğrencilerin asitler ve bazlar ile ilgili anlamalarını ölçmek içinkavramsal sorulardan (n= 9) oluşan bir anket uygulanmıştır. Aynı anket öğretimsonunda bir kez daha uygulanmıştır.Probleme dayalı öğrenme denilince akla ilk olarak örnek olay gelse de bu çalışmadatahmin gözlem ve açıklama stratejisi temelinde yürüyen bir deney, konu ile ilgilitasarlanmış bir oyun ve içeriğe göre düzenlenmiş süreç aşamalı resim gibi farklıtekniklerden yararlanılmıştır. Böylece çalışmamızda probleme dayalı öğrenmeyaklaşımının farklı öğretim yöntemleri ile genişletilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Öğretiminöğrencilerin öğrenme sürecine olan katkıları incelenmiş ve öğrenme süreciöğrencilerin bireysel farklılıkları temelinde analiz edilmiştir. Ölçeklerden eldeedilen verilerin analizinde nicel veri analiz yöntemleri (betimsel analizler ve SPSS)kullanılırken açık uçlu kavramsal soruların analizinde nitel veri analizyöntemlerinden (içerik analizi) yararlanılmıştır.vAraştırmanın bulguları öğrencilerin öğretim öncesi ve sonrası asit-baz kavramtestinden almış oldukları puanlar arasında fark olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bufarkın öğretim sonrası kavram testi puanı lehine olduğu saptanmıştır. Problemedayalı öğretim öğrencilerin bilgi edinmelerini ve doğru bilgiye ulaşmalarınısağlamıştır. Yine probleme dayalı öğretim öğrencilerin öğretim öncesinde varolduğu belirlenen kavram yanılgılarını gidermede de etkili olmuştur. Öğretimayrıca öğrencilerin bireysel farklılıkları arasında yer alabilecek mantıksal düşünmeyeteneklerinin gelişimini de sağlamıştır.Çalışma grubunda bağımlı öğrenme stiline sahip öğrencilerin daha yüksek orandabağımsız öğrenme stiline sahip öğrencilerin ise daha düşük sayıda olduğusaptanmıştır. Çoklu Zekâ Envanterine göre öğrencilerin çoğunluğunun gelişmişzekâ alanının kişilerarası zekâ olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bütün öğrenciler yapılanetkinliklerde aynı düzeyde başarı göstermemiştir. Farklı etkinliklerde farklıözellikteki öğrenciler öne çıkmıştır. Bu farklılık öğrencilerin öğrenme stilleri vezekâ alanlarıyla paralellik göstermiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre, problemedayalı öğrenme temelinde tasarlanmış oyun, süreç aşamalı resim, tahmin gözlem veaçıklama yöntemi öğrencilerin asit ve bazlar konusunu öğrenmelerinde vemantıksal düşünme yeteneklerinde artış sağlamıştır.
Individuals have different perception, approach to events, problem solving stylesand learning styles. Differences in individual characteristics require differentteaching methods. In this study, it is aimed to determine the effect of the activitiesdesigned according to problem-based teaching on the learning of students withdifferent intelligence and learning styles. Thereby, the aim of the study is to designproblem-based teaching intervention about “Acids and Bases” appear on 10th gradeChemistry course and to determine the impact on the learning of students withdifferent intelligence areas and learning styles.Based on the quantitative research tradition, this study was designed quasiexperimental research design and was conducted with 10th grade students attendingpublic high school in Istanbul in 2017-2018 academic year. The students' multipleintelligence areas were determined by the Multiple Intelligence Inventory and theirlearning styles were determined by Grasha Learning Styles Inventory. ScientificProcess Skills and Logical Thinking Ability Test were also applied to the studentsbefore teaching. A questionnaire consisting of conceptual questions (n = 9) wasused to measure students' understanding of acids and bases prior to the teachingintervention. The same questionnaire was distributed once more at the end of theinstruction.In this study, different techniques were benefitted in designing the problem basedlearning activities such as an experiment based on prediction observation andexplanation strategy, educational game and multi-frame illustration. Thus, it wasaimed to extend the problem-based learning approach with different teachingmethods. The contribution of teaching to students' learning was examined and thelearning process was analyzed on the basis of individual differences of students.While quantitative data analysis methods (descriptive analysis and SPSS) were usedin the analysis of the data obtained from the scales, qualitative data analysisviimethods (content analysis) were used in the analysis of open-ended conceptualquestions appear on the questionnaire.The findings of the study revealed that there was a difference between the scoresobtained from the acid-base concept questionnaire before and after teachingintervention. This difference was found to be in favor of post-teaching concept testscore. Problem-based instruction has enabled students to conceptualize acids andbases. It was also effective in diminishing students’ preinstructionalmisconceptions. Additionally, teaching intervention helped students to developtheir logical thinking skills.In the study group, it was determined that the students with dependent learning stylehad a higher percentage and the students with independent learning style werelower. According to the Multiple Intelligence Inventory, the predominantintelligence area was determined as interpersonal intelligence. Not all studentsshowed the same level of success. In different activities, students with differentcharacteristics came to the fore. This difference was in line with students' learningstyles and multiple intelligences. According to the findings of the study, educationalgame, multi-frame illustration and prediction observation and explanation methoddesigned on the basis of problem-based learning increased students' understandingabout acids and bases and developed students’ logical thinking skills.
Individuals have different perception, approach to events, problem solving stylesand learning styles. Differences in individual characteristics require differentteaching methods. In this study, it is aimed to determine the effect of the activitiesdesigned according to problem-based teaching on the learning of students withdifferent intelligence and learning styles. Thereby, the aim of the study is to designproblem-based teaching intervention about “Acids and Bases” appear on 10th gradeChemistry course and to determine the impact on the learning of students withdifferent intelligence areas and learning styles.Based on the quantitative research tradition, this study was designed quasiexperimental research design and was conducted with 10th grade students attendingpublic high school in Istanbul in 2017-2018 academic year. The students' multipleintelligence areas were determined by the Multiple Intelligence Inventory and theirlearning styles were determined by Grasha Learning Styles Inventory. ScientificProcess Skills and Logical Thinking Ability Test were also applied to the studentsbefore teaching. A questionnaire consisting of conceptual questions (n = 9) wasused to measure students' understanding of acids and bases prior to the teachingintervention. The same questionnaire was distributed once more at the end of theinstruction.In this study, different techniques were benefitted in designing the problem basedlearning activities such as an experiment based on prediction observation andexplanation strategy, educational game and multi-frame illustration. Thus, it wasaimed to extend the problem-based learning approach with different teachingmethods. The contribution of teaching to students' learning was examined and thelearning process was analyzed on the basis of individual differences of students.While quantitative data analysis methods (descriptive analysis and SPSS) were usedin the analysis of the data obtained from the scales, qualitative data analysisviimethods (content analysis) were used in the analysis of open-ended conceptualquestions appear on the questionnaire.The findings of the study revealed that there was a difference between the scoresobtained from the acid-base concept questionnaire before and after teachingintervention. This difference was found to be in favor of post-teaching concept testscore. Problem-based instruction has enabled students to conceptualize acids andbases. It was also effective in diminishing students’ preinstructionalmisconceptions. Additionally, teaching intervention helped students to developtheir logical thinking skills.In the study group, it was determined that the students with dependent learning stylehad a higher percentage and the students with independent learning style werelower. According to the Multiple Intelligence Inventory, the predominantintelligence area was determined as interpersonal intelligence. Not all studentsshowed the same level of success. In different activities, students with differentcharacteristics came to the fore. This difference was in line with students' learningstyles and multiple intelligences. According to the findings of the study, educationalgame, multi-frame illustration and prediction observation and explanation methoddesigned on the basis of problem-based learning increased students' understandingabout acids and bases and developed students’ logical thinking skills.
Description
Keywords
Acid-Base, Asit- Baz, Chemistry, Çoklu Zekâ, Education, Educational Game, Eğitim, Kimya, LearningStyle, Logical ThinkingSkills, Mantıksal Düşünme Yeteneği Problem Based Learning, Multi-frame Illustration, Multiple Intelligence, Oyun, Öğrenim ve öğretim, ÖğrenmeStili, Öğretim, Probleme Dayalı Öğrenme, Study and teaching, Süreç-Aşamalı Resim
