Publication: Demokrat Partinin azınlık politikası (1950-1960)
Abstract
Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin Osmanlı Devleti’nden miras aldığı önemli siyasi sorunlardan birisi de azınlıklardır. Yeni Türk Devleti’nin kuruluşunu tescilleyen Lozan Barış Antlaşmasında III. Kısım Azınlıkların Korunması 37-45. maddeleri ile Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nde bulunan azınlıkların her türlü hakları yasal güvencelerle teminat altına alınmıştı. Buna rağmen cumhuriyet dönemi hükümetlerinin politikalarında azınlıklara karşı kimi zaman farklı politikalar uygulnmıştır. Nitekim Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’ni tek parti iktidarı döneminde yöneten CHP hükümetleri, azınlıklara yönelik 1934 Trakya Olayları ve 1942 Varlık Vergisi uygulamalarından dolayı bu kesimler tarafından tepkilerle karşılanmıştır. Ancak, çok partili hayata geçilmesi ile birlikte kurulan DP’nin iktidara gelmesiyle azınlıklar hemen hemen her alanda rahatlamışlardır. Çünkü DP iktidarı eğitim, kültür, din, vakıf ve siyasal hayat alanlarında azınlıkların lehine düzenlemelerde bulunarak onların güvenini kazanmıştı. Her ne kadar 6-7 Eylül olaylarının kısa süreli olumsuzluklar yaşansa da bu durum azınlıkların DP’ye olan güveni ciddi anlamda sarsmamıştır. DP iktidarı Lozan Barış Antlaşmasından doğan hakla Batı Trakyadaki Türk Müslüman azınlığın da haklarının korunması konusunda mücadele vermiştir.
One of the most important issues that The Republic of Turkey inherited from the Ottoman Empire is the minorities. In the Lausenne Peace Treaty-which is the approval of the foundation of the new Turkish State-every right of minorities in the Turkish Republic were guaranteed in the IIIrd section under the title of “The Protection of Minoritles” between the articles no 37 to 45 In spite of this, occasionally different policies have been İmplemented by the governments of the Republican Era Likewise Republican People’s Party governments which ruled the Turkish Republic during the single party period were criticized due to 1934 Thracian Events and 1942 Wealth Tax applied on minorities. However beginning from the ruling period of Democrat Party which was established pursuit to the transition to the multi-party system, minorities felt relieved almost in all aspects. Because Democrat Party won their confidence by making regulations in respect to education, culture, religion, wakfs and political life. Although following the 6-7 Semtember events some short term issues occured, the minorities did not lose their confidence in Democrat Party. The Democrat Party government fought also for the protection of the rights of Turkish Muslim minority in West Thracia-depending on its right described in The Lausenne Peace Treaty.
One of the most important issues that The Republic of Turkey inherited from the Ottoman Empire is the minorities. In the Lausenne Peace Treaty-which is the approval of the foundation of the new Turkish State-every right of minorities in the Turkish Republic were guaranteed in the IIIrd section under the title of “The Protection of Minoritles” between the articles no 37 to 45 In spite of this, occasionally different policies have been İmplemented by the governments of the Republican Era Likewise Republican People’s Party governments which ruled the Turkish Republic during the single party period were criticized due to 1934 Thracian Events and 1942 Wealth Tax applied on minorities. However beginning from the ruling period of Democrat Party which was established pursuit to the transition to the multi-party system, minorities felt relieved almost in all aspects. Because Democrat Party won their confidence by making regulations in respect to education, culture, religion, wakfs and political life. Although following the 6-7 Semtember events some short term issues occured, the minorities did not lose their confidence in Democrat Party. The Democrat Party government fought also for the protection of the rights of Turkish Muslim minority in West Thracia-depending on its right described in The Lausenne Peace Treaty.