Publication: Genç bayan futbolcularda koordinasyon ve pliometrik çalışmaların koşu ekonomisi ve diğer biomotor özellikler üzerine etkisi
Abstract
1.ÖZET Çalısmanın amacı, genç yastaki bayan futbolcularda, koordinasyon ve pliometrik çalısmaların kosu ekonomisi (KE) ve futbola özgü biomotor yetenekler üzerine etkisini arastırmaktır. Arastırma evreninde 2. ligde iki farklı takımda oynayan kız futbolcular arastırma (n=12) ve kontrol (n=12) grubu olarak iki farklı değerlendirme grubunu olusturmaktadırlar. Arastırma ve kontrol grubu kızlarının (yas; 14.1; 14.3), ön-son test değerleri sırasıyla (arastırma grubu boy; 164.7 cm / 164.9 cm., kilo; 52.6 kg. / 52.4 kg. ve kontrol grubu boy; 163.8 cm./ 161.8 cm kilo; 56.2 kg./ 55.5 kg.) olarak belirlenmistir. Kontrol grubu ise kulüplerinde çalısmalarını sürdürmüslerdir. Arastırma grubu kendi kulüplerindeki futbol antrenmanlarına ek olarak haftada 2 kez 12 hafta belirlenen koordinasyon ve pliometrik egzersizleri sürdürmüslerdir. Baslangıç ve sonunda her iki gruba laboratuar testleri (submaksimal kademeli egzersiz testi) ve alan testleri (10–30 m sürat testi, dikey sıçrama testi, bacak kuvveti testi, Yo-Yo aralıklı toparlanma testi seviye 1 (YYIRL1) ve tekrarlı sprint testi (TST)) uygulanmıstır. İstatistiksel islemler için SPSS 14.0 paket programında kullanılmıstır. Gruplar arasındaki ön-son test karsılastırmaları için bağımsız testi (Mann-Whitney U Test), arastırma ve kontrol gruplarının kendi içlerindeki ön ve son test değerleri arasındaki iliskiyi belirlemede ise es örneklem testi (Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test) kullanılmıstır. Değiskenler arası iliskiyi belirlemede pearson korelasyon analizi kullanılmıstır. Sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesinde kosu ekonomisi ile ilgili olarak arastırma grubunda 6.5 km/ s (% -3) ve 7.5 km/ s (% -2,7) kosu hızlarında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı farklılık bulunurken, 8.5 km/ s ( % -2,3) kosu hızında istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı farklılık görülmemistir. Kontrol grubunda ise kosu hızlarının hiçbirinde istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı farklılık görülmemistir. Biomotor özelliklerle ilgili olarak arastırma grubu durarak uzun atlama (DUA), 5 adım atlama, sağ tek ayak sıçrama, adım uzunluğu, YYIRL1 testinde kat edilen mesafede olumlu yönde, 10 – 30 m sprint ve ivmelenme sürati, TST en iyi sprint süresinde olumsuz yönde istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı farklılık bulunmustur. Bu sonuçlar arastırma hipotezimizde belirttiğimiz koordinasyon ve pliometrik egzersizlerin KE’nin gelisimine etki ettiğini doğrulamaktadır. Sonuçlar, alt hipotez olarak belirtilen koordinasyon ve pliometrik egzersizler sürat özelliği dısındaki diğer biomotor özelliklerin gelisimini desteklemektedir. Kosu ekonomisi, kadın futbolu, pliometrik antrenman, koordinasyon, biomotor özellik 2.
EFFECTS OF COORDINATION AND PLYOMETRIC TRAINING ON RUNNING ECONOMY AND OTHER BIOMOTOR CHARACTERISTICS IN YOUNG WOMEN SOCCER PLAYERS The aim of this study is to investigate the impacts of coordination and plyometric exercises on running economy (RE) and biomotor skills which are peculiar to football in young aged girls. In the universe of the study girl football players of two different teams in league 2 are the experimental group (n=12) and control group (n=12). It was decided that experimental and control group girls’ (aged; 14.1; 14.3), pre-last test values, in order are, (experimental group height; 164.7 cm / 164.9 cm., weight; 52.6 kg. / 52.4 kg. and control group height; 163.8 cm. / 163.8 cm kg; 56.2 kg. / 55.5 kg.) Control group continued their exercises in their clups. Experimental group, kept on determinated coordination and a plyometric exercises additionally to their training, two times in a week that continues twelve weeks. In the beginning and at the end we applied laboratory tests ( submaximal differential exercise test ) and field tests ( 10-30 m speed test, vertical jump, leg strenght tests, Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (YYIRL1 ) and repeated sprint test (RST) to two groups. For statistical operations SPSS 14.0 package program was used. For pre-last test comparisons between groups we used independent test ( Mann-Whitney U Test), to determine the relation between pre and last test values in the experimental and control group within themselves we used equivalent sample test ( Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test). Pearson Correlation Analysis was used to determine the relation between variables. In the evaluation of results, in relation to the RE we found statistical significant difference in experimental group 6.5 km/ s (%-3) and 7.5 km/ s (%-2.7), but there is no statistical significant difference in RE 8.5 km/ s (%-2.3). However, in the control group, in the none of running speed, there is no statistical significant difference. In relation to biomotor skills positive statistical significant difference was found in experimental group standing long jump, 5 step jump, right one foot splash, step lenght, YYIRL1 distance traveled; but negative statistical significant difference was found in 10-30 m sprint and acceleration time, RST best sprint period. These results verify the study hypothesis which is “coordination and plyometric exercises effects RE development”. In terms of sub-hypothesis results show that coordination and plyometric exercises support the development of biomotor skills except speed. Key words: Running economy, women soccer, plyometric training, coordination, biomotor characteristics
EFFECTS OF COORDINATION AND PLYOMETRIC TRAINING ON RUNNING ECONOMY AND OTHER BIOMOTOR CHARACTERISTICS IN YOUNG WOMEN SOCCER PLAYERS The aim of this study is to investigate the impacts of coordination and plyometric exercises on running economy (RE) and biomotor skills which are peculiar to football in young aged girls. In the universe of the study girl football players of two different teams in league 2 are the experimental group (n=12) and control group (n=12). It was decided that experimental and control group girls’ (aged; 14.1; 14.3), pre-last test values, in order are, (experimental group height; 164.7 cm / 164.9 cm., weight; 52.6 kg. / 52.4 kg. and control group height; 163.8 cm. / 163.8 cm kg; 56.2 kg. / 55.5 kg.) Control group continued their exercises in their clups. Experimental group, kept on determinated coordination and a plyometric exercises additionally to their training, two times in a week that continues twelve weeks. In the beginning and at the end we applied laboratory tests ( submaximal differential exercise test ) and field tests ( 10-30 m speed test, vertical jump, leg strenght tests, Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (YYIRL1 ) and repeated sprint test (RST) to two groups. For statistical operations SPSS 14.0 package program was used. For pre-last test comparisons between groups we used independent test ( Mann-Whitney U Test), to determine the relation between pre and last test values in the experimental and control group within themselves we used equivalent sample test ( Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test). Pearson Correlation Analysis was used to determine the relation between variables. In the evaluation of results, in relation to the RE we found statistical significant difference in experimental group 6.5 km/ s (%-3) and 7.5 km/ s (%-2.7), but there is no statistical significant difference in RE 8.5 km/ s (%-2.3). However, in the control group, in the none of running speed, there is no statistical significant difference. In relation to biomotor skills positive statistical significant difference was found in experimental group standing long jump, 5 step jump, right one foot splash, step lenght, YYIRL1 distance traveled; but negative statistical significant difference was found in 10-30 m sprint and acceleration time, RST best sprint period. These results verify the study hypothesis which is “coordination and plyometric exercises effects RE development”. In terms of sub-hypothesis results show that coordination and plyometric exercises support the development of biomotor skills except speed. Key words: Running economy, women soccer, plyometric training, coordination, biomotor characteristics