Publication: Osmanlı dönemi mu'rib eserleri'nin değerlendirilmesi -Avamil Mu'ribleri örneği-
Abstract
Osmanlı medreselerinde Arap dili müfredâtı adı altında okutulan dersler; Sarf (morfoloji), Nahiv (gramer, sentax) ve Belagat (Meânî-Beyân- Bedi) şeklinde tasnif edilmiştir. Bunlardan Nahiv ilmi için okutulan kitapların ilk basamağında Avâmil eserleri gelmektedir. Bu eser başlığı altında medreselerde çokça ilgi gören iki Avâmil vardır. Bunlardan ilki Abdülkâhir Cürcânî (ö.471/ 1078-79)’nin Avâmil-i Atîk’i diğeri ise İmam Birgivî (ö.981/ 1473)’nin kaleme aldığı Avâmil-i Cedîd adlı eseridir. Her iki Avâmil üzerine birçok âlim tarafından şerh ve mu’rib türü eserler yazılmıştır.Bu çalışmada Osmanlı Dönemi Avâmil Mu’ribi eserlerinin, dönemin medrese hocaları tarafından öğrencilerin talebi doğrultusunda Avâmil metnini kolaylaştırmak ve bunun yanı sıra bir takım ek bilgileri öğrencilerin istifadesine sunmak amacıyla yazıldığı tespit edildi. Bu eserler şekilsel ve içerik olarak incelendi. Ayrıca çoğu zaman mu’rib-şerh ayrımı yapılmadan tek bir tür gibi şerh adıyla mütâlaa edilen Mu’ribler’in Avâmiller’e yazılan şerhler ile kıyaslaması yapıldı. Bunun sonucunda Mu’rib adıyla ayrı bir tür olup olmadığı ortaya koyulmaya çalışıldı.
The courses taught in the Ottoman madrasahs under the name of Arabic language curriculum are classified as morphology, sentax and rhetoric. Avâmil type works come from the first step of the books that are studied for the science of Nahiv. Under the title of this work, there are two Avâmils that draw considerable interest within madrasahs. The first of these is Avâmil-i Atik by Abd al-Qahir al-Jurjani (471 / 1078-79) and the other is Avâmil-i Cedîd by Imam Birgivî (981 / 1473). Şerh and mu’rib type works on both Avâmils were written by many scholars.In this study, it was determined that the works of Avâmil Mu’rib of the Ottoman period were written by the madrasah teachers of the period to facilitate the Avâmil text in line with the demand of the students and also to offer some additional information to the students. These works were examined as formal and content. In addition, Mu’ribs, which are often considered as single species without the discrimination of mu’rib and şerh, were compared with the commentaries written to Avâmils. As a result, it was tried to find out whether there is a separate species named Mu’rib.
The courses taught in the Ottoman madrasahs under the name of Arabic language curriculum are classified as morphology, sentax and rhetoric. Avâmil type works come from the first step of the books that are studied for the science of Nahiv. Under the title of this work, there are two Avâmils that draw considerable interest within madrasahs. The first of these is Avâmil-i Atik by Abd al-Qahir al-Jurjani (471 / 1078-79) and the other is Avâmil-i Cedîd by Imam Birgivî (981 / 1473). Şerh and mu’rib type works on both Avâmils were written by many scholars.In this study, it was determined that the works of Avâmil Mu’rib of the Ottoman period were written by the madrasah teachers of the period to facilitate the Avâmil text in line with the demand of the students and also to offer some additional information to the students. These works were examined as formal and content. In addition, Mu’ribs, which are often considered as single species without the discrimination of mu’rib and şerh, were compared with the commentaries written to Avâmils. As a result, it was tried to find out whether there is a separate species named Mu’rib.