Publication: Zihin yetersizliği olan gençlerin bedenlerinde, konuşmalarında, davranışlarında, ortamlardaki mahremiyet sınırlarının belirlenmesi
Abstract
Bu araştırma, yaşları 14-24 arasında olan hafif derece zihin yetersizliği tanısı almış gençlerin bedenlerinde, konuşmalarında, davranışlarında ve ortamlardaki mahremiyet sınırlarının belirlenmesini amaçlayarak nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden fenomenolojik desenle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda hafif derece zihin yetersizliği olan 15 kız ve 15 erkek olmak üzere toplam 30 genç ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yapılmış ve elde edilen veriler betimsel analiz yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda elde edilen bulgularda, gençlerin kendisinin ve başkasının bedeninde bazı yerleri özel bölge olarak belirledikleri, mahrem konuşma konularını ayırt edebildikleri ve bu konuları nerede ve kiminle konuşacaklarına dair tercih yapabildikleri, kendisi ve başkası için özel ve genel alan sınırlarını çizebildikleri, özel alanda yapılabilecek davranışlar ile genel alanda yapılabilecek davranışların ayrımına ilişkin fikir sahibi oldukları görülmektedir. Katılımcılar, hayatın dört alanında (beden, konuşma, davranış, ortam) geçerli olan mahremiyet sınırlarını genel hatları ile çizmelerine rağmen gençlerin bazıları cinsel saldırıya uğradığından ve bu saldırının kendisi üzerinde bıraktığı olumsuz etkilerden bahsetmiştir. Aynı zamanda gençlerin ifade ettikleri görüşlerin bazıları başkalarının mahremiyet sınırlarını ihlal edici özellik taşımaktadır. Bu durum, gençlerin mahremiyet sınırlarına ilişkin görüşlerini davranış haline getirmede ve kişisel alanlarını koruma ile ilgili güvenlik becerilerini kazanmada sıkıntılar olduğunu göstermektedir. Araştırma kapsamında elde edilen bulgular ışığında; zihin yetersizliği olan bireylere yönelik hazırlanan bireyselleştirilmiş eğitim programlarında cinsel eğitim ve mahremiyet konularına yer verilmesi, hazırlanan eğitim programlarına aile ve öğretmenlerin dâhil edilmesi, alanda uzman kişiler tarafından ailelere yönelik eğitimlerin verilmesi, öğretmenler için cinsel eğitim ve mahremiyet konularını ele alan kılavuz kitapların ve öğretim materyallerinin hazırlanması önerilmektedir.
This research was carried out with a phenomenological design, which is one of the qualitative research methods, aiming to determine the privacy boundaries drawn in by young people between the ages of 14-24 -who were diagnosed with a mild mental disability- in their bodies, speech, behavior, and environments. For this purpose, semi-structured interviews were conducted with a total of 30 young people, 15 girls, and 15 boys, with mild mental disabilities. The obtained data were analyzed by the descriptive analysis method. As a result of the research, it was found that the young people determined some parts of their own and someone else's bodies as private areas, they could distinguish the private conversation subjects, and they could choose where and with whom they would talk about these subjects, they could draw the boundaries of private and public areas for themselves and others, and the behaviors that could be done in private areas. It is seen that they have an idea about the distinction of behaviors that can be done in public areas. Although the participants outlined the boundaries of privacy in four areas of life (body, speech, behavior, environment), some of them mentioned that they were sexually assaulted and the adverse effects that attack had on them. Besides, some of the views expressed by young people are in violation of the privacy limits of others. This shows that young people have difficulties in adopting their views on the boundaries of privacy and gaining security skills related to protecting their personal spaces. In the light of the findings obtained within the scope of the research, the following are recommended; Including sexual education and privacy issues in individualized education programs prepared for individuals with mental disabilities, including families and teachers in the prepared education programs, providing trainings for families by experts in the field, preparing guidebooks and teaching materials for teachers on sexual education and privacy.
This research was carried out with a phenomenological design, which is one of the qualitative research methods, aiming to determine the privacy boundaries drawn in by young people between the ages of 14-24 -who were diagnosed with a mild mental disability- in their bodies, speech, behavior, and environments. For this purpose, semi-structured interviews were conducted with a total of 30 young people, 15 girls, and 15 boys, with mild mental disabilities. The obtained data were analyzed by the descriptive analysis method. As a result of the research, it was found that the young people determined some parts of their own and someone else's bodies as private areas, they could distinguish the private conversation subjects, and they could choose where and with whom they would talk about these subjects, they could draw the boundaries of private and public areas for themselves and others, and the behaviors that could be done in private areas. It is seen that they have an idea about the distinction of behaviors that can be done in public areas. Although the participants outlined the boundaries of privacy in four areas of life (body, speech, behavior, environment), some of them mentioned that they were sexually assaulted and the adverse effects that attack had on them. Besides, some of the views expressed by young people are in violation of the privacy limits of others. This shows that young people have difficulties in adopting their views on the boundaries of privacy and gaining security skills related to protecting their personal spaces. In the light of the findings obtained within the scope of the research, the following are recommended; Including sexual education and privacy issues in individualized education programs prepared for individuals with mental disabilities, including families and teachers in the prepared education programs, providing trainings for families by experts in the field, preparing guidebooks and teaching materials for teachers on sexual education and privacy.