Publication: Farklı yöntemlerle pürüzlendirilen diş minesinin restorasyonla bağlanma dayanımının karşılaştırılması
Abstract
Amaç: Bu çalışma, farklı yüzey pürüzlendirme yöntemlerinin monokromatik ve nanohibrit kompozit rezinlerin mine yüzeyine bağlanma dayanımına etkisini in vitro koşullarda değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya toplamda 80 adet çekilmiş anterior diş dahil edilmiştir. Dişler mine-sement birleşim yerinden kesilmiş ve pürüzlendirme öncesi düz bir yüzey elde edilmesi amacıyla labial yüzeyleri yukarı bakacak şekilde akrilik bloklara yerleştirilmiştir. Numuneler, rastgele iki ana gruba ayrılmıştır: Grup A, monokromatik kompozit rezin (Omnichroma, Tokuyama Dental, Tokyo, Japonya); Grup B, nanohibrit kompozit rezin (Essentia Starter Kit Syringe, GC, Japonya). Her grup, pürüzlendirme yöntemine göre dört alt gruba ayrılmıştır: asitle muamele edilmiş kontrol grubu, kalın/ orta grenli disk ile pürüzlendirilmiş grup, sarı bantlı elmas frez ile pürüzlendirilmiş grup ve Erbiyum, krom katkılı itriyum selenyum galyum garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) lazer ile pürüzlendirilmiş grup. Tüm dişler üniversal adeziv sistemi kullanılarak restore edilmiş, 5000 termal siklus işlemine tabi tutulmuş ve 37°C'de distile suda 24 saat bekletilmiştir. Makaslama bağlanma dayanımları evrensel test cihazı (Shimadzu Corp., Kyoto, Japonya) ile ölçülmüş, kopma tipleri ise stereomikroskop ve taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Veriler, non-parametrik istatistiksel yöntemler kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Kruskal-Wallis testi sonucunda, grupların eşit merkezi eğilimlere sahip olmadığı tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Non-parametrik Tamhane testi ile yapılan ikili karşılaştırmalar sonucunda, nanohibrit kompozit grubunda, Er,Cr:YSGG lazer ile pürüzlendirilmiş dişlerde en yüksek bağlanma dayanımı elde edilmiştir (p<0,05). Diğer gruplarla kıyaslandığında bu fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlıdır. Ki-kare testi sonuçlarına göre, kopma tiplerinin dağılımında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamıştır (p>0,05). Sonuç: Bu in vitro çalışmada, nanohibrit kompozitlerin monokromatik kompozitlere kıyasla diş mine yüzeyine daha yüksek bağlanma dayanımı sağladığı tespit edilmiştir. Er,Cr:YSGG lazer yöntemi, diğer yöntemlere kıyasla en yüksek bağlanma dayanımını sağlamıştır.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro effects of different surface roughening methods on the bond strength of monochromatic and nanohybrid composite resins to enamel surfaces. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 extracted anterior teeth were included in the study. Teeth were sectioned and embedded in acrylic blocks with labial surfaces facing upward for roughening. The specimens were randomly divided into two main groups: Group A, restored with monochromatic composite resin (Omnichroma, Tokuyama Dental, Tokyo, Japan) and Group B, restored with nanohybrid composite resin (Essentia Starter Kit Syringe, GC, Japan). Each group was further subdivided into four subgroups based on the surface roughening method applied: acid-etched control group, roughened with thick/ medium-grit discs, roughened with yellow-striped diamond burs, and roughened with Er,Cr:YSGG laser. All teeth were restored using a universal adhesive system, subjected to 5000 thermal cycles, and stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours. Shear bond strength values were measured using a universal testing machine (Shimadzu Corp., Kyoto, Japan), and fracture types were evaluated using stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Data were analyzed using non-parametric statistical methods. Results: The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed that the central tendencies of the groups were not equal (p<0.05). Pairwise comparisons conducted using the non-parametric Tamhane test demonstrated that the highest bond strength was achieved in the nanohybrid composite group, particularly for specimens roughened with the Er,Cr:YSGG laser (p<0.05). This difference was statistically significant compared to other groups. According to the Chi-square test results, no significant differences were observed in the distribution of fracture types among the groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: This in vitro study concluded that nanohybrid composites exhibited higher bond strength to enamel surfaces compared to monochromatic composites. Among the tested roughening methods, the Er,Cr:YSGG laser provided the highest bond strength, compared to other roughening methods.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro effects of different surface roughening methods on the bond strength of monochromatic and nanohybrid composite resins to enamel surfaces. Materials and Methods: A total of 80 extracted anterior teeth were included in the study. Teeth were sectioned and embedded in acrylic blocks with labial surfaces facing upward for roughening. The specimens were randomly divided into two main groups: Group A, restored with monochromatic composite resin (Omnichroma, Tokuyama Dental, Tokyo, Japan) and Group B, restored with nanohybrid composite resin (Essentia Starter Kit Syringe, GC, Japan). Each group was further subdivided into four subgroups based on the surface roughening method applied: acid-etched control group, roughened with thick/ medium-grit discs, roughened with yellow-striped diamond burs, and roughened with Er,Cr:YSGG laser. All teeth were restored using a universal adhesive system, subjected to 5000 thermal cycles, and stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours. Shear bond strength values were measured using a universal testing machine (Shimadzu Corp., Kyoto, Japan), and fracture types were evaluated using stereomicroscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Data were analyzed using non-parametric statistical methods. Results: The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed that the central tendencies of the groups were not equal (p<0.05). Pairwise comparisons conducted using the non-parametric Tamhane test demonstrated that the highest bond strength was achieved in the nanohybrid composite group, particularly for specimens roughened with the Er,Cr:YSGG laser (p<0.05). This difference was statistically significant compared to other groups. According to the Chi-square test results, no significant differences were observed in the distribution of fracture types among the groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: This in vitro study concluded that nanohybrid composites exhibited higher bond strength to enamel surfaces compared to monochromatic composites. Among the tested roughening methods, the Er,Cr:YSGG laser provided the highest bond strength, compared to other roughening methods.