Publication: Otistik çocuk annelerine yönelik bir eğitim programı modeli
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, otistik çocuğa sahip annelere uygulanan eğitim neticesinde, annelerin otistik çocuklarına temel becerileri öğretebilme düzeyleri ve annelerin yaşadıkları kaygı düzeyleri araştırılmıştır. Tek gruplu, ön test- son test deneme modeline uygun olarak hazırlanan araştırmanın çalışma evrenini İstanbul'da yaşayan otistik çocuk sahibi anneler oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın I. Örneklem grubunu TODEV'e ( Türkiye Otistiklere Destek ve Eğitim Vakfı) müracaat eden 17 anne, II. Örneklem grubunu ise Marmara Üniversitesi, Atatürk Eğitim Fakültesi, Okul Öncesi Öğretmenliği Bölümü üçüncü sınıf öğrencilerinden 21 gönüllü öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmaya katılan, otistik çocuk sahibi annelere ve gönüllü öğrencilere, altı hafta süren bir eğitim uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sürecinde, eğitim uygulamasının başında ve sonunda annelere, otistik çocuklarına temel becerileri öğretebilme düzeylerini saptamak amacıyla Anne Değerlendirme Anketi ve çocuklarından dolayı yaşadıkları kaygı düzeyini saptamak amacıyla da Spielberger'in Durumluluk ve Süreklilik Kaygı Envanteri uygulanmıştır. Gönüllü öğrencilere ise, otistik çocuklar hakkındaki bilgi düzeylerini saptamak amacıyla eğitim ında ve sonunda Otizm' e dair Değerlendirme Anketi uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca programa katılan tüm deneklere programın sonunda Program Değerlendirme Anketi uygulanmıştır. Değerlendirme sonucunda, otistik çocuk sahibi annelerin eğitim sonrasında, otistik çocuklarına temel becerileri öğretebilme düzeyleri olumlu yönde etkilenmiştir. Annelerin durumluluk ve süreklilik kaygı düzeylerine bakıldığında, eğitim ncesi ve sonrası puanları arasında istatiksel açıdan anlamlı bir sonuç çıkmadığı görülürken, kaygı düzeylerinin düştüğü yönünde ip uçları elde edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonunda tüm deneklere uygulanan program değerlendirme anketi sonuçlarına göre, katılımcıların programdan memnun olduğu görüşü elde edilmiştir.
Families have some expectations when they decide to have a baby and believe that their expectations will be real with baby's birth. But when their baby borns with some disabilities, like language or communication difficulties, their expectations collapse and they begin to worry. In this study, after the training program which was prepared for mothers of the autistic children, their levels of teaching basic skills to their children and levels of anxiety were examined. In this study, one group pre and post test experimental model was used. The population of this study was the mothers of autistic children from Istanbul. The sample was consist of 17 mothers selected from TODEV. Also 21 volunteer university students participated to training program as a supporting group. A six weeks training program was applied to mothers and volunteer students. Mothers' teaching basic skills levels were evaluated by Mothers Evaluation Questionnaire and anxiety levels were determined by State-Trate Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, 1970); whereas volunteers' knowledge levels were tested by Evaluation Questionnaire Related To Autism before and after training. Results showed that, this program had some positive effects on mothers' teaching basic skills levels. Inspite of there were no significant results for mothers' state- trate anxiety levels between pre and post test scores statistically, it was seen that, trate anxiety levels of mothers was decreased after training program. Also, volunteers' knowledge levels related to autism were increased after training program.
Families have some expectations when they decide to have a baby and believe that their expectations will be real with baby's birth. But when their baby borns with some disabilities, like language or communication difficulties, their expectations collapse and they begin to worry. In this study, after the training program which was prepared for mothers of the autistic children, their levels of teaching basic skills to their children and levels of anxiety were examined. In this study, one group pre and post test experimental model was used. The population of this study was the mothers of autistic children from Istanbul. The sample was consist of 17 mothers selected from TODEV. Also 21 volunteer university students participated to training program as a supporting group. A six weeks training program was applied to mothers and volunteer students. Mothers' teaching basic skills levels were evaluated by Mothers Evaluation Questionnaire and anxiety levels were determined by State-Trate Anxiety Inventory (Spielberger, 1970); whereas volunteers' knowledge levels were tested by Evaluation Questionnaire Related To Autism before and after training. Results showed that, this program had some positive effects on mothers' teaching basic skills levels. Inspite of there were no significant results for mothers' state- trate anxiety levels between pre and post test scores statistically, it was seen that, trate anxiety levels of mothers was decreased after training program. Also, volunteers' knowledge levels related to autism were increased after training program.