Publication: Çocuk gelişimi ve toplumsallaşma alanları olarak mahalle oyun parkları : İstanbul örneği
Abstract
Bu çalışmada; gelecek nesillerin temeli olan çocukların fiziksel, zihinsel, duygusal ve toplumsal yönlerden gelişimlerinde önemli rolü olan mahalle oyun parkları; “çocuk oyun alanları” ve “sosyalleşme” işlevleriyle ele alınmıştır. Birleşmiş Milletler Çocuk Hakları sözleşmesinde çocukların serbest zaman değerlendirmeleri ile ilgili 31. Maddede “Çocuk dinlenme, boş zaman değerlendirme, oyun oynama, kültürel ve sanatsal etkinliklere katılma hakkına sahiptir” ifadesine yer verilmektedir. Bu anlamda çocukların oyun hakkının güvence altına alınması, bu haklarını kullanabilecekleri, gelişimlerini destekleyici bir yandan da topluma katılacakları en yakın mekânlardan biri olan mahalle parklarında yerel yönetimlerin yaptığı uygulamalar çok önemlidir.Bu çalışmanın amacı; gündelik yaşamın önemli bir parçası olan mahalle oyun parklarının çocuğun gelişimine ve sosyalleşmesine katkılarını incelemektir.Çalışma literatür araştırması ve alan çalışması olmak üzere iki safhada nitel araştırma yöntemi ile yapılmıştır. Alan çalışması İstanbul kenti içerisinde seçilen altı mahalle parkında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmanın sonucunda; literatür araştırmaları, gözlemler, çocuk ve ebeveynlerle yapılan görüşmelerden elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda seçilen parkların “erişim ve ulaşılabilirlik, aktivite ve kullanım fonksiyonları, sosyalleşme imkânları, oyun alanları ve çocuğun gelişimine katkıları” başlıkları altında değerlendirmeleri yapılmış ve sonuç bölümünde öneriler sunulmuştur.
In this study, with their functions of “children’s playgrounds” and “socialization”, neighbourhood parks, which have an important role in the physical, mental, emotional, and social development of children, who are the foundation of next generations, are discussed. The article 31 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child regarding the recreation of children states that “Children have the right to rest, leisure, play and participate in cultural and the artistic activities.” In this sense, securing children’s right to play and the practices of local governments in neighbourhood parks, which are one of the closest places where children can exercise their right and participate in society, are very important. The purpose of this study is to analyze the contributions of neighbourhood playgrounds, which are an important part of daily life, to the development and socialization of the child.The study was carried out with qualitative research method in two stages, namely literature research and field work. The field work was carried out in six selected neighbourhood parks in the city of Istanbul. As a result of the study, in line with the findings obtained from the literature researches, observations, interviews with children and parents, the selected parks were analysed under the titles of accessibility, activity and usage functions, socialization opportunities, playgrounds and contributions to child development” and suggestions were presented in the conclusion.
In this study, with their functions of “children’s playgrounds” and “socialization”, neighbourhood parks, which have an important role in the physical, mental, emotional, and social development of children, who are the foundation of next generations, are discussed. The article 31 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child regarding the recreation of children states that “Children have the right to rest, leisure, play and participate in cultural and the artistic activities.” In this sense, securing children’s right to play and the practices of local governments in neighbourhood parks, which are one of the closest places where children can exercise their right and participate in society, are very important. The purpose of this study is to analyze the contributions of neighbourhood playgrounds, which are an important part of daily life, to the development and socialization of the child.The study was carried out with qualitative research method in two stages, namely literature research and field work. The field work was carried out in six selected neighbourhood parks in the city of Istanbul. As a result of the study, in line with the findings obtained from the literature researches, observations, interviews with children and parents, the selected parks were analysed under the titles of accessibility, activity and usage functions, socialization opportunities, playgrounds and contributions to child development” and suggestions were presented in the conclusion.