Publication: İbn Ebi Hatim er-Razi’nin “İlelü’l-Hadis” adlı eserinde vasledilmekle illetli saydığı mürsel rivayetler
Abstract
İBN EBÎ HÂTİM er-RÂZÎ’NİN “İLELÜ’L-HADİS” ADLI ESERİNDE VASLEDİLMEKLE İLLETLİ SAYDIĞI MÜRSEL RİVÂYETLER İlk bakışta fark edilemeyen; fakat hadisin sıhhatini etkileyen kusurları konu edinen ilelü’l-hadîs alanında telif edilen eserler, hadis âlimlerinin Hz. Peygamber ile ilgili olan bilgi hususundaki titizliklerini en iyi şekilde ortaya koyan çalışmalardır. Bu alanda kaleme alınan ilk eserlerden biri ve aynı zamanda tertibinin güzel olması nedeniyle İbn Ebî Hâtim er-Râzî’nin İlelü’l-hadîs’i tercih edildi. Araştırmanın konusu, İbn Ebî Hâtim er-Râzî’nin İlelü’l-hadîs’i çerçevesinde aslında mürsel olduğu halde çeşitli sebeplerden dolayı vasledilen rivâyetler ve bu rivâyetlerin tahriç, tahlilidir. Bunlara ilaveten söz konusu rivâyetlerin konuları, güvenilir hadis kaynaklarındaki dağılımı, bu kaynaklarda nasıl yer aldıkları ve râvilerin ortak özellikleri gibi hususların tespiti de bu çalışmada yer almaktadır. İbn Ebî Hâtim er-Râzî’nin “İlelü’l-Hadis” Adlı Eserinde Vasledilmekle İlletli Saydığı Mürsel Rivâyetler adlı bu çalışma giriş, üç bölüm ve sonuçtan meydana gelmektedir. Giriş kısmında araştırmanın konusu, amacı, önemi ve metodundan bahsedildikten sonra araştırma sırasında en çok kullanılan temel kaynaklar hakkında kısaca bilgi verilmiştir. Birinci bölümde mevsûl, mürsel, munkatı ve illet kavramları üzerinde durulmuş ve ilgili kavramların lugat, ıstılah manaları verilmiştir. Ayrıca bu bölümde hadis usûlüne dair yazılmış olan temel kaynaklardan hareketle söz konusu kavramlar işlenmiştir. İkinci bölümde İbn Ebî Hâtim er-Râzî ve araştırmanın asıl alanı olan İlelü’l-hadîs adlı eser hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Hayatı, ilmî kişiliği ve eserlerinden hareketle İbn Ebî Hâtim er-Râzî tanıtılmış ve mezkûr kitabın muhtevası, metodu hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Çalışmanın en önemli iki kavramı olan mevsûl ve mürselin İlelü'l-hadîs’te nasıl işlendikleri de bu bölümde verilmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmanın üçüncü bölümünde İlelü'l-hadîs’te vasledilmekle illetli sayılan ve temel hadis kaynaklarında müşterek isnatla yer alan mürsel kırk beş rivâyet ele alınmıştır. Sonuç kısmında ise araştırma sırasında elde edilen kanaatler yer almaktadır.
Mursal Transmissions Which Are Regarded as Defective by Wasl in Ibn Abī Hātim al-Rāzī’s Book “‘Ilal al-hadīth” ‘Ilal al-hadīth is a hadīth science which deals with hidden defects in hadīth that are not obvious at first glance, but affect the validity of hadīth. The books written in this field are the best works that demonstrate the meticulousness of hadīth scholars with respect to the knowledge related by the Prophet. Ibn Abī Hātim al-Rāzī’s ‘Ilal al-hadīth has been chosen for the thesis since it is one of the first books written on ‘Ilal al-hadīth, and is well arranged. The subject matter of thesis is about transmissions which are originally mursal, but because of some reasons uninterrupted, their takhrij and analysis of the narrations in the context of Ibn Abī Hātim al-Rāzī’s ‘Ilal al-Hadīth. In addition to these, the subject of the narrations, their distribution in authentic hadīth sources, how they took part in the sources, and the common features of narrators are examined in the thesis. The thesis consists of an introduction, three main parts, and a conclusion. The introduction gives brief information about the subject of the study, its purpose, importance, method, and resources which are used in the thesis. The first part discusses the terms mawsul, mursal, munqati, and illah by giving their lexical and terminological meanings. Furthermore, these terms are studied in the context of usul al- hadīth books. The second part analyzes Ibn Abī Hātim al-Rāzī’s life, intellectual background, his works such as Ilal al-hadīth and the scope and method of ‘Ilal al-hadīth. In addition, an analysis of the two most important concepts of the thesis, mawsul and mursal, is given in relation to how they were used in the book. The third part of the thesis examines forty five mursal transmissions which exist in similar isnad in the main hadīth collections and are regarded as defective by wasl in ‘Ilal al-hadīth. Moreover, the chapter includes the takhrij and analysis of the transmissions as well as some particular determinations. Opinions obtained during the study are mentioned in the conclusion.
Mursal Transmissions Which Are Regarded as Defective by Wasl in Ibn Abī Hātim al-Rāzī’s Book “‘Ilal al-hadīth” ‘Ilal al-hadīth is a hadīth science which deals with hidden defects in hadīth that are not obvious at first glance, but affect the validity of hadīth. The books written in this field are the best works that demonstrate the meticulousness of hadīth scholars with respect to the knowledge related by the Prophet. Ibn Abī Hātim al-Rāzī’s ‘Ilal al-hadīth has been chosen for the thesis since it is one of the first books written on ‘Ilal al-hadīth, and is well arranged. The subject matter of thesis is about transmissions which are originally mursal, but because of some reasons uninterrupted, their takhrij and analysis of the narrations in the context of Ibn Abī Hātim al-Rāzī’s ‘Ilal al-Hadīth. In addition to these, the subject of the narrations, their distribution in authentic hadīth sources, how they took part in the sources, and the common features of narrators are examined in the thesis. The thesis consists of an introduction, three main parts, and a conclusion. The introduction gives brief information about the subject of the study, its purpose, importance, method, and resources which are used in the thesis. The first part discusses the terms mawsul, mursal, munqati, and illah by giving their lexical and terminological meanings. Furthermore, these terms are studied in the context of usul al- hadīth books. The second part analyzes Ibn Abī Hātim al-Rāzī’s life, intellectual background, his works such as Ilal al-hadīth and the scope and method of ‘Ilal al-hadīth. In addition, an analysis of the two most important concepts of the thesis, mawsul and mursal, is given in relation to how they were used in the book. The third part of the thesis examines forty five mursal transmissions which exist in similar isnad in the main hadīth collections and are regarded as defective by wasl in ‘Ilal al-hadīth. Moreover, the chapter includes the takhrij and analysis of the transmissions as well as some particular determinations. Opinions obtained during the study are mentioned in the conclusion.