Publication: Göksu Çayı Havzası'nın (Sakaya Çayı Havzası) hidrografik etki- arazi kullanım modeli ilişkisi kapsamında Havza yönetimi
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Abstract
Havza yönetimi çalışmaları ilk olarak su ve toprak odaklı başlamış, değişen birçok etki ile
birlikte günümüzde bütüncül yönetim çalışmalarına dönüşmüştür. Bu çalışmada Sakarya Nehri
Havzası’nın batı kesiminde bulunan Göksu Çayı Havzası’nın hidrografik özellikleri ile arazi
kullanım modelleri arasındaki ilişkiye dayalı havza yönetimi incelenmiştir. Çalışmada birçok
basamaktan oluşan işleyiş sistematiği uygulanmış, coğrafi bilgi sistemleri (CBS) ve uzaktan
algılama teknikleri etkin şekilde kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada ilk olarak havzanın ağırlıklı yağış-akış
dağılışı üretilmiş, 53 alt havza kapsamında 25, 50 ve 100 yıl sonraki akış verileri modellenmiş,
AGİ verileri ise Mann-Kendall ve Sen’s Slope trend analizlerine tabi tutularak değerlendirmeler
yapılmıştır. Daha sonra havzanın 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010 ve 2020 yıllarına ait Landsat uydu
görüntüleri üzerinden arazi kullanımı saptanmış, değişimler analiz edilmiştir. Son olarak Yapay
Sinir Ağları (YSA) yöntemi ile havzanın 2030, 2045 ve 2070 yılları arazi kullanımı/arazi örtüsü
simülasyonu oluşturulmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlar havzada İnegöl ve Yenişehir ovası
deşarjlarındaki akım gözlem istasyonlarında (AGİ) negatif yönlü azalmanın olduğu ve
hidrografik açıdan muhtelif alt havzalarda sorunların oluşabileceğini göstermektedir. Ayrıca
geleceğe dönük arazi kullanım modellemeleri, İnegöl ve Yenişehir ovalarında yerleşim alanının
genişleyeceği, su temininde sorunlarının yaşanabileceğini ve belli alanlarda risklerin artacağını
ortaya koymuştur.
Basin management studies first started with a focus on water and soil, and today, with many changing effects, they have turned into holistic management studies. In this study, watershed management based on the relationship between hydrographic features and land use models of Göksu Stream Basin, located in the western part of Sakarya River Basin, was examined. In the study, a systematic system consisting of many steps was applied, geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing techniques were used effectively. In the study, firstly, the weighted precipitation-flow distribution of the basin was produced, the flow data of 25, 50 and 100 years later were modeled within the scope of 53 sub-basins, and the FOS data were subjected to Mann-Kendall and Sen's Slope trend analysis and evaluations were made. Then, land use of the basin was determined on the Landsat satellite images of 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010, 2020 and the changes were analyzed. Finally, land use/land cover simulation of the basin for the years 2030, 2045 and 2070 was created with the artificial neural network method. The results obtained show that there is a negative decrease in the FOSs in the İnegöl and Yenişehir plain discharges in the basin and that problems may occur in various hydrographically sub-basins. In addition, future-oriented land use models have revealed that the settlement area will expand in İnegöl and Yenişehir plains, problems in water supply may be experienced and risks will increase in certain areas.
Basin management studies first started with a focus on water and soil, and today, with many changing effects, they have turned into holistic management studies. In this study, watershed management based on the relationship between hydrographic features and land use models of Göksu Stream Basin, located in the western part of Sakarya River Basin, was examined. In the study, a systematic system consisting of many steps was applied, geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing techniques were used effectively. In the study, firstly, the weighted precipitation-flow distribution of the basin was produced, the flow data of 25, 50 and 100 years later were modeled within the scope of 53 sub-basins, and the FOS data were subjected to Mann-Kendall and Sen's Slope trend analysis and evaluations were made. Then, land use of the basin was determined on the Landsat satellite images of 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010, 2020 and the changes were analyzed. Finally, land use/land cover simulation of the basin for the years 2030, 2045 and 2070 was created with the artificial neural network method. The results obtained show that there is a negative decrease in the FOSs in the İnegöl and Yenişehir plain discharges in the basin and that problems may occur in various hydrographically sub-basins. In addition, future-oriented land use models have revealed that the settlement area will expand in İnegöl and Yenişehir plains, problems in water supply may be experienced and risks will increase in certain areas.
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Citation
UZUN S. M., GARİPAĞAOĞLU N., \"GÖKSU ÇAYI HAVZASI’NIN (SAKARYA HAVZASI) HİDROGRAFİK ETKİ - ARAZİ KULLANIM MODELİ İLİŞKİSİ KAPSAMINDA HAVZA YÖNETİMİ\", III. Uluslararası Coğrafya Eğitimi Kongresi, Sivas, Türkiye, 14 Ekim 2021, ss.192-213
