Publication: Sporcularda optimal performans duygu durumu : ruminatif düşünce ve akıldışı inançların rolü üzerine bir çalışma
Abstract
ÖZETAmaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı sporcularda ruminatif düşünce ve akıldışı inançların optimal performans duygu durumunu belirlemedeki rolünü araştırmaktır. Çalışmanın ikincil amacı ise, bu psikolojik faktörlerin cinsiyet, spor türü ve spor deneyimine göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığını incelemektir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya bireysel ve takım sporu yapan 133 kadın (Xyaş: 21,41 ± 4,33) ve 261 erkek (Xyaş: 21,92 ± 3,94) olmak üzere toplam 394 sporcu (Xyaş: 21,75 ± 4,07) katılmıştır. Katılımcılara “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, “Ruminatif Düşünce Biçimi Ölçeği”, “Akıldışı Performans İnançları Envanteri-2” ve “Sürekli Etkinlik Tecrübe Ölçeği Kısa Formu” uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistik, çoklu hiyerarşik regresyon analizi ve bağımsız örneklerde t testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Yapılan hiyerarşik regresyon analizi sonuçlarına göre ruminatif düşünce optimal performans duygu durumunun anlamlı belirleyicisi değildir (p>0.05). Elde edilen bulgular, sporcuların akıldışı inanç düzeylerinin optimal performans duygu durumunu anlamlı olarak yordadığını göstermektedir (p<0.05). Akıldışı inanç alt boyutlarından düşük tolerans ile optimal performans duygu durumu arasında anlamlı pozitif ilişki bulunmuşttur (β=0.22; p < 0.05). Yapılan bağımsız örneklemlerde t testi analizi sonucuna göre, cinsiyete ve spor türüne göre yalnızca ruminatif düşünce düzeyinde anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Kadın sporcuların ruminatif düşünce düzeyleri, erkek sporculardan, bireysel sporcuların ruminatif düşünce düzeyleri ise takım sporcularına göre daha yüksektir. Sporcularda ruminatif düşünce, akıldışı inançlar ve optimal performans duygu durumunda spor deneyimine göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır (p>0.05).Sonuç: Sonuç olarak; sporcuların akıldışı inançlarının, optimal performans duygu durumunu belirlemede rol oynadığı görülmektedir. Ayrıca sporcuların ruminatif düşünce düzeyleri cinsiyet ve spor türü değişkenleri açısından farklılık göstermektedir.
ABSTRACTObjective: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of ruminative thoughts and irrational beliefs in determining flow in athletes. The secondary aim of the study was to examine whether these psychological factors differed with regard to sex, type of sport and sports experience.Material and Methods: One hundred thirty-three female (Mage= 21,41 ± 4,33) and 261 male (Mage= 21,92 ± 3,94), in total 394 (Mage= 21,75 ± 4,07) athletes participated in this study. “Demographic Information form”, “Ruminative Thought Style Questionnaire”, “Irrational Performance Beliefs Inventory-2”, and “Short Dispositional Flow Scale-2” were administered to participants. Descriptive statistic, multiple hierarchical regression analysis and independent t test were used to analyze data.Results: The result of hierarchical regression analysis indicated that ruminative thought was not a significant determinant of flow experiences (p> 0.05). On the other hand, the irrational beliefs significantly predicted the flow experiences of athletes and low frustration tolerance subscale of irrational belief was significantly and positively correlated with flow (β=0.22; p <0,05). The results of independent t-test analysis revealed significant sex and type of sport differences in ruminative thought (p <0.05). Ruminative thought levels of female athletes and inidivual sport athletes were higher than male athletes and team sport athletes respectively. There were no statistically significant difference in athletes' ruminative thoughts, irrational beliefs, and flow experiences in terms of sports experience (p> 0.05).Conclusion: In conclusion, irrational beliefs of athletes play a significant role in determining flow experiences. In addition, ruminative thought levels of athletes differ in terms of sex and type of sports.
ABSTRACTObjective: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of ruminative thoughts and irrational beliefs in determining flow in athletes. The secondary aim of the study was to examine whether these psychological factors differed with regard to sex, type of sport and sports experience.Material and Methods: One hundred thirty-three female (Mage= 21,41 ± 4,33) and 261 male (Mage= 21,92 ± 3,94), in total 394 (Mage= 21,75 ± 4,07) athletes participated in this study. “Demographic Information form”, “Ruminative Thought Style Questionnaire”, “Irrational Performance Beliefs Inventory-2”, and “Short Dispositional Flow Scale-2” were administered to participants. Descriptive statistic, multiple hierarchical regression analysis and independent t test were used to analyze data.Results: The result of hierarchical regression analysis indicated that ruminative thought was not a significant determinant of flow experiences (p> 0.05). On the other hand, the irrational beliefs significantly predicted the flow experiences of athletes and low frustration tolerance subscale of irrational belief was significantly and positively correlated with flow (β=0.22; p <0,05). The results of independent t-test analysis revealed significant sex and type of sport differences in ruminative thought (p <0.05). Ruminative thought levels of female athletes and inidivual sport athletes were higher than male athletes and team sport athletes respectively. There were no statistically significant difference in athletes' ruminative thoughts, irrational beliefs, and flow experiences in terms of sports experience (p> 0.05).Conclusion: In conclusion, irrational beliefs of athletes play a significant role in determining flow experiences. In addition, ruminative thought levels of athletes differ in terms of sex and type of sports.