Publication: Türk Hemşirelik Tarihindeki Lider Hemşireler ve Cerrahi Hemşireliğinin Gelişimi
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Abstract
Hemşirelik mesleği, tarihte savaşlar esnasında kadınların yaralı askerlere bakım verici rolü ile gün
yüzüne çıkmış olsa da modern hemşirelik Florence Nightingale’in çevre kuramıyla ve onun
çalışmalarının etkisiyle başlamıştır. Nightingale’in çalışmaları profesyonel hemşirelik biliminin
temellerini oluşturmuştur. Ülkemizde ise hemşirelik eğitimi ilk olarak 1876’dan sonra Meşrutiyet
Dönemi’nde başlamıştır. Doktor Besim Ömer Paşa tarafından 1913 yılında Hilal-i Ahmer merkezinde,
1914-1915 yılları arasında Darülfünun’da, 1916 yılında ise Kadırga Doğum Kliniği’nde hemşirelik
eğitim kursları açılmıştır. Çanakkale’den vapurla İstanbul’a ağır yaralıları taşıyan ve aynı zamanda
ameliyatların da yapıldığı Reşit Paşa Hastane Gemisi’nde görev yapan tek Türk hemşire olarak
bulunan Safiye Hüseyin Elbi, 1925’te açılan Kızılay Hemşire Okulu kurucularından olmuştur. 1924
Amiral Bristol mezunu olan Esma Deniz İbrahim, Columbia Üniversitesi’nde eğitimini sürdürmüş ve
1930’ta yurda dönmüştür. O da Safiye Hüseyin Elbi gibi Türk Hasta Bakıcılar Cemiyeti’nin kurucuları
arasında yer almıştır. İnsanlık tarihinin varoluşu ile başlayan cerrahinin tarihi dünden bugüne bazen
durağan olsa da çoğu zaman hızlı gelişimler göstermiştir. 19. yüzyıl başlarında ise ameliyathane
hemşireliğinin bir çalışma alanı olarak kabul görmesiyle profesyonel cerrahi hemşireliğinin temelleri
atılmıştır. Bu derleme ile tarihte yer alan lider hemşireler ve Türk hemşirelik tarihi ile ilişkili olarak
cerrahi hemşireliğinin geçmişten günümüze geçirmiş olduğu tarihsel süreç incelenmiş ve gelecekteki
durumuna yönelik bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır.
Although the nursing profession has emerged in history with the role of women as caregivers of wounded soldiers during wars, modern nursing started with the environmental theory of Florence Nightingale and the influence of her studies. Nightingale's work laid the foundations of professional nursing science. In our country, nursing education first started in the Constitutional Period after 1876. Nursing training courses were opened by Doctor Besim Ömer Pasha in the center of Hilal-i Ahmer in 1913, in Darülfünun between 1914-1915, and in Kadırga Birth Clinic in 1916. Safiye Hüseyin Elbi, who was the only Turkish nurse who carried the seriously injured from Çanakkale to Istanbul by ferry and served on the Reşit Paşa Hospital Ship where surgeries were also performed, was one of the founders of the Red Crescent Nursing School opened in 1925. Esma Deniz İbrahim, who graduated from Admiral Bristol in 1924, continued her education at Columbia University and returned to Turkey in 1930. Like Safiye Hüseyin Elbi, she was among the founders of the Turkish Caregivers Association. Although the history of surgery, which started with the existence of human history, has been stable from past to present, it has often shown rapid developments. In the early 19th century, with the acceptance of operating room nursing as a field of study, the foundations of professional surgical nursing were laid. In this review, the historical process of surgical nursing from past to present has been examined in relation to the leading nurses in history and Turkish nursing history, and an evaluation has been made for the future situation.
Although the nursing profession has emerged in history with the role of women as caregivers of wounded soldiers during wars, modern nursing started with the environmental theory of Florence Nightingale and the influence of her studies. Nightingale's work laid the foundations of professional nursing science. In our country, nursing education first started in the Constitutional Period after 1876. Nursing training courses were opened by Doctor Besim Ömer Pasha in the center of Hilal-i Ahmer in 1913, in Darülfünun between 1914-1915, and in Kadırga Birth Clinic in 1916. Safiye Hüseyin Elbi, who was the only Turkish nurse who carried the seriously injured from Çanakkale to Istanbul by ferry and served on the Reşit Paşa Hospital Ship where surgeries were also performed, was one of the founders of the Red Crescent Nursing School opened in 1925. Esma Deniz İbrahim, who graduated from Admiral Bristol in 1924, continued her education at Columbia University and returned to Turkey in 1930. Like Safiye Hüseyin Elbi, she was among the founders of the Turkish Caregivers Association. Although the history of surgery, which started with the existence of human history, has been stable from past to present, it has often shown rapid developments. In the early 19th century, with the acceptance of operating room nursing as a field of study, the foundations of professional surgical nursing were laid. In this review, the historical process of surgical nursing from past to present has been examined in relation to the leading nurses in history and Turkish nursing history, and an evaluation has been made for the future situation.
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Keywords
Hemşirelik, Cerrahi Hastalıkları Hemşireliği, Sağlık Bilimleri, Nursing, Surgical Nursing, Health Sciences, Klinik Tıp (MED), Klinik Tıp, HEMŞİRELİK, Clinical Medicine (MED), CLINICAL MEDICINE, NURSING, Farmakoloji (hemşirelik), Onkoloji (hemşirelik), Asistan Hemşirelik, Tıbbi ve Cerrahi Hemşirelik, Annelik ve Ebelik, LPN ve LVN, Acil Tıp Hemşireliği, Yoğun Bakım Hemşireliği, İleri ve Uzman Hemşirelik, Hemşirelik (çeşitli), Genel Hemşirelik, Pharmacology (nursing), Oncology (nursing), Nurse Assisting, Medical and Surgical Nursing, Maternity and Midwifery, LPN and LVN, Emergency Nursing, Critical Care Nursing, Advanced and Specialized Nursing, Nursing (miscellaneous), General Nursing, Cerrahi, cerrahi hemşireliği, hemşirelik tarihi, liderlik, History of nursing, leadership, surgery, surgical Nursing
Citation
Arpag N., Gür S., Katran H. B. , "Türk Hemşirelik Tarihindeki Lider Hemşireler ve Cerrahi Hemşireliğinin Gelişimi", Fenerbahçe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, cilt.2, sa.2, ss.522-530, 2022
