Publication: Amerikan Dışişleri Bakanlığı belgelerinde Türkiye'deki siyasal gelişmeler (1918-1925)
Abstract
Mondros Mütareke’sinin imzalanması ile cihan harbi Osmanlı İmparatorluğu için son bulmuş ancak imparatorluk, mütarekenin belirsiz maddeleri ile işgallere karşı büsbütün savunmasız kalmıştır. Mütareke hükümlerini kendilerine göre yorumlayan Batılı güçler, stratejik öneme sahip bölgeleri art arda işgale başlamıştır. İtilaf devletleri, İzmir bölgesinin Yunan güçleri tarafından acımasızca işgal edilmesine müsaade ederek, Türk tarihinde bir dönüm noktası olan kurtuluş hareketinin ivme kazanmasına sebebiyet vermiştir. Milli Mücadele, mütareke sonrasında işgalci devletleri temsilen İstanbul’da açılan Yüksek Komiserlikler ve ilgili devlet temsilcileri tarafından dikkatle takip edilmiştir. İşgallere karışmamasına karşın ABD, ülkede yaşanan siyasi gelişmeleri yakından takip etmeye gayret göstermiş ancak gizlilikle yürütülen istiklâl hareketinden 1919 yılının Temmuz ayına kadar tam olarak haberdar olamamıştır.
The signing of Mudros Armistice meant the end of the great war for the Ottoman Empire but, the empire was left defenseless against the occupations because of the open-ended provisions of the armistice. Western powers started to occupy territories which have strategic importance sequentially on the pretext of armistice provisions. The Allies caused the independence movement, a turning point in Turkish history, to gain momentum by letting Greek forces brutally occupy the Smyrna region. The national struggle was followed carefully by the High Commissions, established after the armistice to represent the occupying states, and by the representative of the states. Even if it didn’t get involved in occupations, the US endeavored to follow the political developments closely; but, it couldn’t become fully aware of the independence movement, which carried out with great secrecy, until June of 1919.
The signing of Mudros Armistice meant the end of the great war for the Ottoman Empire but, the empire was left defenseless against the occupations because of the open-ended provisions of the armistice. Western powers started to occupy territories which have strategic importance sequentially on the pretext of armistice provisions. The Allies caused the independence movement, a turning point in Turkish history, to gain momentum by letting Greek forces brutally occupy the Smyrna region. The national struggle was followed carefully by the High Commissions, established after the armistice to represent the occupying states, and by the representative of the states. Even if it didn’t get involved in occupations, the US endeavored to follow the political developments closely; but, it couldn’t become fully aware of the independence movement, which carried out with great secrecy, until June of 1919.
Description
Keywords
Admiral Bristol, Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, Amiral Bristol, Armistice, Atatürk, Gazi Mustafa Kemal, Türkiye Cum. Bşk., 1, 1881-1938, Atatürk, Mustafa Kemal, President of the Republic of Turkey 1, 1881-1938, History, Kurtuluş Savaşı, 1919-1923, Milli Mücadele, Mustafa Kemal Paşa, Mustapha Kemal Pasha, Mütareke, National Struggle, Osmanlı İmparatorluğu, Ottoman Empire, Politics and government, Revolution, 1919-1923, Siyaset ve yönetim, Tarih, Turkey, Türkiye, United States, Wilson Prensipleri, Wilson’s Points
