Publication: Yeni medyada gerçekliğin kurgulanması : Youtube kanalları üzerine incelemeler
Abstract
Bu çalışmada gerçekliğin, belirlenen Youtube kanalları üzerinde nasıl kurgulandığı ve sentetik gerçeklik ürettiği üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu bağlamda çalışmada yer alan örnek kanallar, kendinden önceki dönemlerle temellendirilmiştir. Ayrıca gerçeklik yanılsamasının sözlü ve yazılı dönem ile görsel medya döneminde nasıl üretildiği açıklanmıştır. Yazı öncesi dönemden fotoğrafa, sinema-belgesel dünyasından televizyon şovlarına, gerçeklik ve kurgu ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Gerçeklik olarak sunulan içeriklerin aslında birer gerçeklik yanılsaması (ya da hiper gerçeklik) olduğu üzerinde durulmuştur.Çalışma, gerçekliğin kurgulanması konusunda izleyici üzerindeki etkiyi ele almamakla birlikte, kameraman perspektifinden bakan ve onların kurgudaki yerini inceleyen bir çalışmadır. Bu bağlamda çalışmada Fırat Sobutay, BirkaNator ve Kıvanç ve Burak isimli Youtube kanalları örnek olay konusu olarak incelenmiş, Youtuberların kameraman ve kurgucularıyla birlikte derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda Youtube videolarının müdahaleden ve kurgudan bağımsızmış gibi sunulmasına karşılık böyle olmadığı ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Zira çekim öncesinde her şeyin tasarlanarak kurgulanması, çekim aşamasında yapılan müdahaleler ve sonrasında devreye giren montaj teknikleri, bu kanalların seyircilerine kurgulanmış bir dünya sunmaktadır. Bu bağlamda Jean Baudrillard’ın hipergerçeklik teorisiyle temellendirilmek üzere, iletişim araçlarının tarihsel dönüşümleri değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın üçüncü bölümünde anlatı kavramı ve yapısalcılıkla olan ilişkisi ele alınmıştır. Kültürel kodlar aracılığıyla belirlenen kavram ve yorumun, yaşanılan dünyayı algılamak ve gerçekliği biçimlendirmek adına oluşturulduğu üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu bağlamda sözlü ve yazılı anlatılar değerlendirilmiştir.
In this study, it is focused on how reality is constructed on determined Youtube channels and produces synthetic reality. In this context, the sample channels in the study are based on previous periods. It is explained how the illusion of reality is produced in the verbal and written periods and in the visual media period. The relationship between reality and fiction from pre-writing to photography, from the world of cinema-documentary to television shows has been studied. It is emphasized that the contents presented as reality are actually an illusion of reality (or hyperreality).Although the study does not deal with the effect on the viewer in the construction of reality, it is a study that looks from the perspective of the cameraman and examines their place in fiction. In this context, the Youtube channels Fırat Sobutay, BirkaNator and Kıvanç and Burak were examined as a case study and in-depth interviews were made with the cameramen and editors of the Youtubers. As a result of the study, it was revealed that Youtube videos were presented as if they were independent from intervention and fiction, but that was not the case. Because everything is designed and edited before the shooting, the interventions made during the shooting phase and the editing techniques that come into play afterwards present a world that has been designed for the audience of these channels. In this context, historical transformations of communication tools have been evaluated in order to be grounded on the hyperreality theory of Jean Baudrillard. In the third part of the study, the concept of narrative and its relation with structuralism are discussed. It was emphasized that the concepts and interpretations determined through cultural codes were created in order to perceive the world inhabited and to shape the reality. In this context, oral and written narratives were evaluated.
In this study, it is focused on how reality is constructed on determined Youtube channels and produces synthetic reality. In this context, the sample channels in the study are based on previous periods. It is explained how the illusion of reality is produced in the verbal and written periods and in the visual media period. The relationship between reality and fiction from pre-writing to photography, from the world of cinema-documentary to television shows has been studied. It is emphasized that the contents presented as reality are actually an illusion of reality (or hyperreality).Although the study does not deal with the effect on the viewer in the construction of reality, it is a study that looks from the perspective of the cameraman and examines their place in fiction. In this context, the Youtube channels Fırat Sobutay, BirkaNator and Kıvanç and Burak were examined as a case study and in-depth interviews were made with the cameramen and editors of the Youtubers. As a result of the study, it was revealed that Youtube videos were presented as if they were independent from intervention and fiction, but that was not the case. Because everything is designed and edited before the shooting, the interventions made during the shooting phase and the editing techniques that come into play afterwards present a world that has been designed for the audience of these channels. In this context, historical transformations of communication tools have been evaluated in order to be grounded on the hyperreality theory of Jean Baudrillard. In the third part of the study, the concept of narrative and its relation with structuralism are discussed. It was emphasized that the concepts and interpretations determined through cultural codes were created in order to perceive the world inhabited and to shape the reality. In this context, oral and written narratives were evaluated.
Description
Keywords
Fiction and Propaganda, Gerçeklik ve Kurmaca, Görsel Medya, Kurgu ve Propaganda, Motion pictures and television, New Media and Youtube or Youtuber, Orality and Literacy, Sinema ve televizyon, Sözlü ve Yazılı Kültür, TV and Reality Show, TV ve Reality Show, Visual Media, Yeni Medya ve Youtube/ Youtuber Reality and Fiction
