Publication: ISLÂMDA DIN VE SIYASET ILIŞKISININ KÖKENLERINE ORTADOĞU’DAKI PRATIK YANSIMALARIYLA TARIHSEL BIR BAKIŞ
Abstract
İslâm dininin ortaya çıkışı ve yüzyıllar boyunca yaşadığı gelişmeler siyaset bilimi açısından pek çok farklı dinamiği bünyesinde barındırmaktadır. Bu anlamda İslâm'ın siyasallaşmasını ortaya çıkartan parametreler ve peşi sıra yaşanan gelişmeler geniş bir coğrafyada birçok medeniyeti derinlemesine etkilemiştir. Nitekim İslâm'ın ilk siyasal kırılmasından günümüze değin yaşanan evresinde, siyasal çerçeve belirli aktörler üzerinden şekillenmiştir. Bu aktörlerin en dikkat çekeni ise İslâmi cemaatlerdir. Bu bağlamda İslâmi cemaatler imparatorluklardan demokrasilere kadar birçok farklı siyasal sisteme etki ederek iz bırakmışlardır. Bu çalışmada ise; İslâm'ın siyasallaşmasının kuramsal ve kavramsal kökenlerine inilmeye çalışmış ve Müslümanlar arasındaki ilk siyasal kırılmaları içeren genel bir bakış çizilmiştir. Bu eksende İslâm ve siyaset ilişkisi, İslâm'ın siyasallaşmasının temelleri ele alınmıştır. Ardından bu konunun Ortadoğu'daki pratiklerini ortaya koymak amacıyla, İslâmi cemaatlerin ortaya çıkışı ve söz konusu bu cemaatlerin siyasetle olan ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Bu ilişki çerçevesinde Ortadoğu'dan ve Afrika'dan önemli İslâmi cemaatlerin liderleri ve genel düsturları detaylandırılmış, nihayetinde ise siyasete yönelik etkilerine ampirik örnekler sunulmuştur
The emergence of Islam and its developments throughout centuries incorporate many different dynamics in terms of political science. In this sense, parameters that reveal politicization of Islam and the subsequent developments deeply affected many civilizations in a wide geography. Indeed, in the phase from Islam’s first political fracture until today, the political framework has been shaped over certain agents. The most notable of these agents are Islamic communities. In this context, Islamic communities left their mark by acting on many different political systems from empires to democracy.In this study, the hypothetical and conceptual origins of politicization of Islam were tried to be descended and an overview containing the first political fracture between Muslims was remarked. In this axis, the mainstay of politicized Islam and the relationship between Islam and politics were discussed. In a manner to witness the practical reflections of this issue in the Middle East, the emergence of Islamic communities and the political attachments of these communities have been reviewed. Within the framework of this relationship, the leaders of major Islamic communities from the Middle East and Africa and their general maxims were detailed and finally, empirical examples for the effects to the politics were presented
The emergence of Islam and its developments throughout centuries incorporate many different dynamics in terms of political science. In this sense, parameters that reveal politicization of Islam and the subsequent developments deeply affected many civilizations in a wide geography. Indeed, in the phase from Islam’s first political fracture until today, the political framework has been shaped over certain agents. The most notable of these agents are Islamic communities. In this context, Islamic communities left their mark by acting on many different political systems from empires to democracy.In this study, the hypothetical and conceptual origins of politicization of Islam were tried to be descended and an overview containing the first political fracture between Muslims was remarked. In this axis, the mainstay of politicized Islam and the relationship between Islam and politics were discussed. In a manner to witness the practical reflections of this issue in the Middle East, the emergence of Islamic communities and the political attachments of these communities have been reviewed. Within the framework of this relationship, the leaders of major Islamic communities from the Middle East and Africa and their general maxims were detailed and finally, empirical examples for the effects to the politics were presented