Publication: Kahire'deki Memlük medreseleri
Abstract
Kahire Amr b. Âs’tan bu yana İslam devrinin her döneminden devrin en güzel yapılarını bünyesinde barındıran İslam sanatı ve mimarisi açısından önemli başkentlerin başında gelmektedir. Yalnızca Arap-İslam yönetiminde kalmaması Memlükler ardından Osmanlılarla uzun müddet Türk hakimiyetinde olması da İslam’ın sanatsal ve mimari serüvenine pek çok kapı aralamaktadır. Ülkemizde Kahire’deki Memlük medreseleri hakkında özellikle medrese, bilgi ve toplum, eğitim ve ulema ilişkileri hakkında çokça tez ve makale çalışmaları mevcut olmasına rağmen Memlük medreselerini sanatsal ve mimari açıdan ele alan bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Bu tez alandaki bu eksikliği gidermek niyetiyle atılmış bir adım niteliğindedir. Bunun için Bahrî ve Burcî (Çerkes) Memlük dönemlerinden özellikle sultanların prestij yapıları olan medreseler ele alınmış, bu medreselerden medrese-cami-türbe formunda inşa edilen külliyeler incelenmiştir. Kahire’de alan çalışmaları yapılarak eserler dönem özellikleri, plan, malzeme, teknik ve süsleme unsurları açısından incelenmiş ve yapıların diğer medeniyetlerin sanatlarından ne ölçüde etkilendikleri tespit edilmiştir.
Cairo is one of the most important capitals in terms of Islamic art and architecture, harbouring the most beautiful buildings of the period from every period of the Islamic era since Amr b. Âs. The fact that it was not only under Arab-Islamic rule, but also under Turkish rule for a long time with the Mamluks and then the Ottomans opens many doors to the artistic and architectural adventure of Islam. Although there are many theses and articles about the Mamluk madrasas in Cairo in our country, especially about the madrasah, knowledge and society, education and ulema relations, there is no study that deals with the Mamluk madrasas from an artistic and architectural point of view. This thesis is a step towards filling this gap in the field. For this purpose, the madrasas from the Bahrī and Burjī (Circassian) Mamluk periods, which were the prestige structures of the sultans, were discussed, and the complexes built in the form of madrasah-mosque-tomb were analysed from these madrasas. By conducting field studies in Cairo, the works were examined in terms of period characteristics, plan, material, technique and ornamentation elements, and the extent to which the buildings were influenced by the arts of other civilisations was determined.
Cairo is one of the most important capitals in terms of Islamic art and architecture, harbouring the most beautiful buildings of the period from every period of the Islamic era since Amr b. Âs. The fact that it was not only under Arab-Islamic rule, but also under Turkish rule for a long time with the Mamluks and then the Ottomans opens many doors to the artistic and architectural adventure of Islam. Although there are many theses and articles about the Mamluk madrasas in Cairo in our country, especially about the madrasah, knowledge and society, education and ulema relations, there is no study that deals with the Mamluk madrasas from an artistic and architectural point of view. This thesis is a step towards filling this gap in the field. For this purpose, the madrasas from the Bahrī and Burjī (Circassian) Mamluk periods, which were the prestige structures of the sultans, were discussed, and the complexes built in the form of madrasah-mosque-tomb were analysed from these madrasas. By conducting field studies in Cairo, the works were examined in terms of period characteristics, plan, material, technique and ornamentation elements, and the extent to which the buildings were influenced by the arts of other civilisations was determined.