Publication: Ali̇ el-Kârî mushafi ve mushaf i̇mlâsina etki̇si̇
Abstract
Hz. Osman’ın istinsah ettirdiği Mushaflardan itibaren günümüze gelen mushaf imlasına dair tüm hususlar, her döneme ait farklı mushafların incelenmesi yoluyla elde edilebilmekte, dolayısıyla mushaflar, aynı zamanda ait oldukları dönemin imla tarzındaki farklılıklarını yansıtabilmektedir. Arapça yazımının henüz gelişim sürecinde olduğu ilk dönemlerde imla konusunda düzenli bir kaide sisteminin olmayışının etkileri, çoğaltılan ve çeşitli merkezlere gönderilen mushaflarda görülebilmektedir. Çalışmaya konu olan Mushaf, hicri X. ve XI. yüzyıllarda yaşamış, kıraat ilmine vukûfiyetinden dolayı “el-Kârî” nisbesiyle anılan, hat sanatındaki ustalığı sebebiyle de geçimini mushaf yazarak sağlamış Ali el-Kârî’nin (1014/ 1605) hicri 995 tarihli Mushafı’dır. Ali el-Kârî’nin mushaf imlasıyla ilgisi, sadece yazdığı mushaflar üzerinden değil, İmam Şâtıbî’nin Râiyye ismiyle meşhur ‘Akîletu Etrâbi’l-Kasâid’ adlı manzum eserine yazdığı el-Hibâtu’s-seniyyetu’l- ‘aliyye isimli şerhi üzerinden de ele alınmalıdır. İmla konusuna dair görüşlerine hem Mushaf’ı hem de söz konusu şerhi incelenerek ulaşılması hedeflenmektedir. Diğer taraftan Türkiye mushaflarındaki imlanın Ali el-Kârî imlasına dayandırıldığı iddiasına da ışık tutmak amaçlanmaktadır. Buradan hareketle Ali el-Kârî'nin, mushaf imlası konusunda gerçekten yeni bir tarz ortaya koyup koymadığı, “Resm-i Osmânî” olarak bilinen klasik imlaya sadık kalıp kalmadığı meselesi araştırılacaktır.
All the issues related to the ortography of the Mushafs, which have survived to the present day from the Mushafs that Osman had inscribed, can be obtained through the examination of different Mushafs belonging to each period, so the Mushafs can also reflect the differences in the ortography style of the period to which they belong. The effects of the lack of a regular ortography system in the early periods when Arabic writing was still in the process of development can be seen in the Mushafs that were reproduced and sent to various centers. The Mushaf that is the subject of this study is the Mushaf dated 995 Hijri by Ali al-Qari (1014/ 1605), who lived in the Xth and XIth centuries, was known by the nickname al-Qari due to his knowledge of the science of Qiraat, and earned his living by writing Mushaf due to his mastery of calligraphy. 'Ali al-Qari's interest in Mushaf orthography can be evaluated not only through the Mushafs he wrote but also through his commentary 'al-Hibātu's-Seniyyat al-'Aliyyat al-'Aliyyah' on Imam Shātibī's poetic work 'Aqīl al-Athrābi'l-Qasāid', which is famous with the name of 'Rāiyyah'. It is aimed to reach his views on ortographic by analyzing both his Mushaf and this commentary. On the other hand, it is also aimed to shed light on the claim that the spelling in Turkish mushafs is based on Ali al-Qari's spelling. From this point of view, the issue of whether Ali al-Qari really introduced a new style in the ortography of the mushaf and whether he remained faithful to the classical ortography known as Rasm-i Osman will be investigated.
All the issues related to the ortography of the Mushafs, which have survived to the present day from the Mushafs that Osman had inscribed, can be obtained through the examination of different Mushafs belonging to each period, so the Mushafs can also reflect the differences in the ortography style of the period to which they belong. The effects of the lack of a regular ortography system in the early periods when Arabic writing was still in the process of development can be seen in the Mushafs that were reproduced and sent to various centers. The Mushaf that is the subject of this study is the Mushaf dated 995 Hijri by Ali al-Qari (1014/ 1605), who lived in the Xth and XIth centuries, was known by the nickname al-Qari due to his knowledge of the science of Qiraat, and earned his living by writing Mushaf due to his mastery of calligraphy. 'Ali al-Qari's interest in Mushaf orthography can be evaluated not only through the Mushafs he wrote but also through his commentary 'al-Hibātu's-Seniyyat al-'Aliyyat al-'Aliyyah' on Imam Shātibī's poetic work 'Aqīl al-Athrābi'l-Qasāid', which is famous with the name of 'Rāiyyah'. It is aimed to reach his views on ortographic by analyzing both his Mushaf and this commentary. On the other hand, it is also aimed to shed light on the claim that the spelling in Turkish mushafs is based on Ali al-Qari's spelling. From this point of view, the issue of whether Ali al-Qari really introduced a new style in the ortography of the mushaf and whether he remained faithful to the classical ortography known as Rasm-i Osman will be investigated.