Publication: Genç yüzücülerde performans değerlendirmesi ve dolfin ayak vuruşunun kinematik performans değerlerine etkisi
Abstract
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, genç yüzücülerde serbest, sırtüstü yüzme tekniği su içerisinden duvar itişiyle çıkış ve dönüş sonrası gerçekleştirilen sualtı dolfin ayak vuruşunun performans bileşenlerine etkisinin incelenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya, gönüllü 19 lisanslı erkek yüzücü katılmıştır. Sporcuların antropometrik ölçümlerinin ardından 50m serbest ve sırtüstü yüzme tekniği sırasında gerçekleştirdikleri sualtı dolfin ayak vuruşu incelenmiştir. Ölçümler 25m’lik yarı olimpik havuzda; duvar itişiyle çıkış evresi (7,5-12,5m) ve dönüş evresi dolfin ayak vuruşu (32,5-37,5m) kinematiği değerlendirilmiştir. Sualtı dolfin ayak vuruşu (vuruş frekansı ve bir vuruşta katedilen mesafe), özel hareketli bir sisteme bağlı Go-pro hero 10 (60 fps) aksiyon kamerası kullanılarak kaydedilmiştir. Kaydedilen görüntüler hareket analizi Kinovea 0.9.5. programına aktarılarak sayısal değerler elde edilmiştir. Bulgular: Alt ekstremite uzunluklarının serbest ve sırtüstü yüzme tekniği sırasındaki dolfin ayak vuruşu kinematiğine etkisi olmadığı görülmüştür (p>0,05). Serbest ve sırtüstü yüzme tekniğinde duvar itişiyle çıkış evresi dolfin hızı, sırtüstü yüzmede ise aynı zamanda dönüş evresindeki dolfin hızı, yüzücünün vücut ağırlığı ve vücut kitle indeksi ile ilişkili bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Her iki yüzme tekniğinde de 50m yüzme hızının yüzücülerin boyu, vücut ağırlığı ve vücut kitle indeksleri ile ilişkili olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Serbest ve sırtüstü stil duvar itişiyle çıkış evresi dolfin ayak vuruş frekansı ile 50m yüzme performans değerleri ilişkili bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Serbest stil duvar itişiyle çıkış evresi sualtı dolfin vuruş frekansı ile dönüş evresi dolfin vuruş frekansı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Serbest stil sualtı dolfin ayak vuruş kinematik verileri ile sırtüstü stil sualtı dolfin ayak vuruş kinematik verileri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Sonuç: 50m serbest ve sırtüstü yüzmede su içinden duvar itişiyle çıkış sonrası sualtı dolfin ayak vuruş frekansı arttıkça ilk 25m, ikinci 25m ve 50m yüzme süreleri azalmış, yüzme hızları artmıştır. Yüzücülere performanslarını arttırmak amacıyla takla dönüşten sonraki sualtı evresinde ve duvar itişiyle çıkış sualtı evresinde dolfin ayak vuruş frekansını sürdürmeleri ve bir vuruşta kat ettikleri mesafelerinin değerlerine daha fazla önem vermeleri önerilmektedir.
Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of underwater dolphin kick performance compenents following the push off start and turn in young swimmers on freestyle and backstoke swimming techniques. Materials and Methods: Nineteen male licensed swimmers volunteered for the study. After anthropometric measurements, underwater dolphin kick during 50m freestyle and backstroke were analyzed. Measurements were taken in a 25m (short course) swimming pool; the kinematics of the push-off phase (7.5-12.5m) and the dolphin kick following the turn phase (32.5-37.5m) were evaluated. The underwater dolphin kick (kick frequency and distance per kick) was recorded using a GoPro Hero 10 (60 fps) action camera mounted on a movable system. The recorded footage was transferred to the motion analysis software Kinovea 0.9.5. to obtain numerical values. Results: The lengths of the lower extremities were found to have no significant effect on the kinematics of the dolphin kick during freestyle and backstroke swimming techniques (p>0.05). The dolphin kick speed during the push off phase in freestyle swimming and during the turn phase in backstroke swimming were found to be associated with the swimmer's body weight and body mass index (p<0.05). The dolphin kick frequency during the push-off phase in freestyle and backstroke styles was found to be related to the 50m swimming performance values (p<0.05). A statistically significant difference was found between the dolphin kick frequency during the push-off phase and the turn phase in freestyle swimming (p<0.05). Conclusion: The underwater dolphin kick frequency increased after the push off from the wall in 50m freestyle and backstroke swimming, the first 25m, second 25m, and 50m swimming times decreased, and the swimming speeds increased. It is recommended that swimmers aiming to improve their performance maintain their dolphin kick frequency during the underwater phase after the flip turn and the push off start from the wall and to place greater emphasis on the distance per kick.
Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of underwater dolphin kick performance compenents following the push off start and turn in young swimmers on freestyle and backstoke swimming techniques. Materials and Methods: Nineteen male licensed swimmers volunteered for the study. After anthropometric measurements, underwater dolphin kick during 50m freestyle and backstroke were analyzed. Measurements were taken in a 25m (short course) swimming pool; the kinematics of the push-off phase (7.5-12.5m) and the dolphin kick following the turn phase (32.5-37.5m) were evaluated. The underwater dolphin kick (kick frequency and distance per kick) was recorded using a GoPro Hero 10 (60 fps) action camera mounted on a movable system. The recorded footage was transferred to the motion analysis software Kinovea 0.9.5. to obtain numerical values. Results: The lengths of the lower extremities were found to have no significant effect on the kinematics of the dolphin kick during freestyle and backstroke swimming techniques (p>0.05). The dolphin kick speed during the push off phase in freestyle swimming and during the turn phase in backstroke swimming were found to be associated with the swimmer's body weight and body mass index (p<0.05). The dolphin kick frequency during the push-off phase in freestyle and backstroke styles was found to be related to the 50m swimming performance values (p<0.05). A statistically significant difference was found between the dolphin kick frequency during the push-off phase and the turn phase in freestyle swimming (p<0.05). Conclusion: The underwater dolphin kick frequency increased after the push off from the wall in 50m freestyle and backstroke swimming, the first 25m, second 25m, and 50m swimming times decreased, and the swimming speeds increased. It is recommended that swimmers aiming to improve their performance maintain their dolphin kick frequency during the underwater phase after the flip turn and the push off start from the wall and to place greater emphasis on the distance per kick.