Publication: Earned or owned media: which effects trust-loyalty relationship more?
Abstract
Dijital pazarlama, dijital platformlarda şirketlerin dikkatine edinilmiş, ödenmiş, ve kazanılmış medya olmak üzere üç farklı medya türü sunmaktadır. Şirketler tüketicilerin ilgisini çekmek, onları büyütmek, ve devamlılığını sağlamak için bu farklı medya türlerine yatrım yaparlar, ve böylece rakiplerine göre rekabet avantajı elde ederler. Bu kapsamda, bu medya türlerinden hangilerinin tüketici tutum ve davranışları üzerinde etkisi olduğunu anlamak çok önemlidir ki, şirketler böylece dijital pazarlama karmasını planlayabilir ve buna göre kaynaklarını doğru medya türlerine dağıtabilirler. Bu nedenle bu çalışma, kazanılmış ve edinilmiş medya kanallarının güven ve sadakat eğilimi üzerindeki etkisini betimsel araştırma yöntemi yoluyla test etmek üzere tasarlanmıştır. Yapılandırılmış çevrimiçi anket 821 tüketiciden oluşan bir örnekleme sunulmuş, ve şirketlerin dijital ortamda aktif bir şekilde bulunan İnternet sitelerinin kalitesini, sosyal medya pazarlama çabalarını, ve sosyal ticaret yapılarını değerlendirmeleri istenmiştir. Kavramsal model, güvenin düşünce etkileyici faktör olarak tüketicilerin eğilimlerini ve sonuç olarak davranışlarını nasıl etkilediğini göstermek için Akla Dayalı Davranış Teorisi (TRA) temel alınarak sunulmuştur. Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli'nin (SEM) sonuçları temel olarak, sırasıyla şirketlerin İnternet sitesi kalitesi ve sosyal medya pazarlama çabaları gibi edinilmiş medya türlerinin, kazanılmış medya türü olan şirketlerin İnternet sitesi ya da sosyal medya hesaplarındaki derecelendirme, eleştiri, ve yorumlar vb. gibi sosyal ticaret yapılarına göre güven ve sadakati daha fazla etkilediğini büyük ölçüde desteklemektedir. Sonuçlar, yalnızca bu az sıklıkta çalışılan alanda araştırmacıların gelecek çalışmalarına katkı sağlamakla kalmayıp, aynı zamanda çalışanlara firmalarının kazanılmış ya da edinilmiş dijital medya aktivitelerine yatırım kararları konusunda yardımcı olacaktır.
Digital marketing offers three different types of media, owned, paid, and earned media to the attention of companies in digital platforms. Companies invest in these different media to attract, grow and retain consumers; hence, gain competitive advantage over their competitors. Within this context, it is crucial to understand which of these media types have an effect on consumer attitudes and behavior, so that companies can plan their digital communication mix and allocate their resources into right type of media accordingly. Thus, this paper was designed to test the effect of owned and earned media on consumer trust and loyalty intention through descriptive research. A sample of 821 consumers were presented a structured online questionnaire and asked to evaluate webstie quality, social media marketing efforts, and social commerce constructs of companies which are actively present in digital environments. The conceptual model was proposed based on The Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) to show how trust effects consumers' intentions as the belief effecting factor, and how would it eventually effect their behaviors. The key results of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) largely supported that the owned media, website quality of companies and social media marketing efforts of companies in respective order effect consumers trust and loyalty more than earned media/ social commerce constructs (ratings, reviews, and recommendations on companies' website or social media accounts etc.). The findings not only contribute to the researchers for their further researches in this less frequently studied area, but they also assist practitioners in their investment decisions about earned and owned digital media activities of their companies.
Digital marketing offers three different types of media, owned, paid, and earned media to the attention of companies in digital platforms. Companies invest in these different media to attract, grow and retain consumers; hence, gain competitive advantage over their competitors. Within this context, it is crucial to understand which of these media types have an effect on consumer attitudes and behavior, so that companies can plan their digital communication mix and allocate their resources into right type of media accordingly. Thus, this paper was designed to test the effect of owned and earned media on consumer trust and loyalty intention through descriptive research. A sample of 821 consumers were presented a structured online questionnaire and asked to evaluate webstie quality, social media marketing efforts, and social commerce constructs of companies which are actively present in digital environments. The conceptual model was proposed based on The Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) to show how trust effects consumers' intentions as the belief effecting factor, and how would it eventually effect their behaviors. The key results of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) largely supported that the owned media, website quality of companies and social media marketing efforts of companies in respective order effect consumers trust and loyalty more than earned media/ social commerce constructs (ratings, reviews, and recommendations on companies' website or social media accounts etc.). The findings not only contribute to the researchers for their further researches in this less frequently studied area, but they also assist practitioners in their investment decisions about earned and owned digital media activities of their companies.
Description
Keywords
Consumer Loyalty, Edinilmiş Medya, Güven, Internet marketing, Internette pazarlama, İnternet Sitesi Kalitesi, Kazanılmış Medya, Management, Marketing, Müşteri Bağlılığı Earned Media, Owned Media, Pazarlama, Social Commerce, Social media, Social Media Marketing, Sosyal medya, Sosyal Medya Pazarlama, Sosyal Ticaret, Trust, Website Quality, Yönetim
