Publication: Farklı dalga boylarında ışık yayan diyotların pankreas gelişimi ve beta hücre fonksiyonları üzerine etkileri
Abstract
Çalışmamızın amacı, fetal hiperglisemi durumunda farklı dalga boylarındaki LED ışık kaynaklarının zebra balığı embriyolarının pankreas gelişimi ve beta hücre fonsiyonları üzerine etkilerinin incelenmesidir. Zebra balığı embriyoları Mavi (455-475), Yeşil (515-535), Amber (585-595 nm), Kırmızı (650-670 nm) ve Beyaz (7500 K) LED gruplarına ayrılarak üçüncü güne kadar E3 ve %5’lik glukoz çözeltilerine maruz bırakılmıştır. Sirkadiyen saat genleri, oksidatif stres, pankreas gelişimi ve insülin sentezinde düzenleyici genler RT-PCR ile incelenmiştir. Oksidatif stresi değerlendirmek amacıyla lipit peroksidasyonu (LPO), nitrik oksit (NO) seviyeleri ile glutatyon-s-tranferaz (GST) ve süperoksit dismutaz (SOD) aktiviyeleri ölçülmüştür. En yüksek mortalite Glukoz ve Kırmızı LED gruplarında belirlenmiştir. Glukoz maruziyetinde Beyaz LED uygulaması sirkadiyen döngünün korunmasında, pankreas gelişimi ile ilgili genlerinin ifadelerini arttırarak pankreas alanında artışa neden olurken Yeşil LED uygulaması bu gen ifadelerinde azalmaya neden olarak pankreas alanında azalmayla ilişkili bulunmuştur. Glukoza maruz bırakılan Kırmızı LED grubunda yüksek il1β ifadesi beta hücre alanındaki azalmayla, Mavi LED grubunda düşük il1β ifadesi beta hücre alanındaki azalmayla ilişkilidir. Glukoza maruz bırakılan Beyaz LED grubunda ise yüksek ins ve kcnj11 ifadeleri toplam hücre floresan ışıma miktarı ile beraber artmıştır. Glukoza maruz bırakılan Beyaz LED grubunda LPO ifadesi artarken GST ifadesi azalmış ve SOD ifadesi artmıştır. fth1b, gclc ve txnrd1 gen ifadelerindeki ve SOD aktivitesindeki belirgin artış oksidan hasara karşı antioksidan sistemlerin aktivasyonunu sağlamıştır. Embriyonik dönemde glukoz maruziyetine ilave olarak Mavi, Kırmızı LED ışık maruziyeti sirkadiyen döngüde aksamaya neden olmuştur. Beyaz LED ışık maruziyeti anti- oksidan sistemlerin uyarılması sağlayarak pankreas gelişimi ve insülin salınımını arttırmıştır. Yeşil LED ışık maruziyeti ise oksidatif hasarı artırarak, pankreas alanında azalmaya neden olmuştur.
The aim of our study is to examine the effects of different spectrum LED light sources on pancreatic development and beta cell functions during fetal hyperglycemia in zebrafish embryos. Zebrafish embryos were divided into Blue (455-475), Green (515-535), Amber (585-595 nm), Red (650-670 nm) and White (7500 K) LED groups. They were exposed to E3 and 5% glucose solutions until the third day. Circadian clock genes, genes associated with oxidative stress, pancreatic development and insulin synthesis were investigated by RT-PCR. In order to evaluate oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation (LPO), nitric oxide (NO) levels, glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were measured. The highest mortality was determined in Glucose and Red LED groups. In glucose exposure, White LED application caused an increase in pancreatic area by increasing the expressions of pdx1, ptf1a, pax4, nkx6.1 and hnf1a genes in maintaining the circadian cycle, while Green LED application caused a decrease in pdx1, ptf1a, pax4, nkx6.1 and hnf1a gene expressions and decreases pancreatic area were found. High il1β expression was associated with a decrease in beta cell area in the Red LED group exposed to glucose, while low il1β expression was associated with a decrease in beta cell area in the Blue LED group. In the White LED group exposed to glucose, high ins and kcnj11 expressions increased similarly with the total cell fluorescence amount. Similarly, in the White LED group exposed to glucose, LPO expression increased, while GST expression decreased and SOD expression increased. The significant increase in fth1b, gclc and txnrd1 gene expressions and SOD activity led to the activation of antioxidant systems against oxidant damage. In addition to glucose exposure in the embryonic period, Blue and Red LED light exposure caused disruption in the circadian cycle. Exposure to white LED light increased pancreatic development and insulin secretion by stimulating the antioxidant systems. Green LED light exposure, on the other hand, increased oxidative damage and caused a decrease in the area of the pancreas.
The aim of our study is to examine the effects of different spectrum LED light sources on pancreatic development and beta cell functions during fetal hyperglycemia in zebrafish embryos. Zebrafish embryos were divided into Blue (455-475), Green (515-535), Amber (585-595 nm), Red (650-670 nm) and White (7500 K) LED groups. They were exposed to E3 and 5% glucose solutions until the third day. Circadian clock genes, genes associated with oxidative stress, pancreatic development and insulin synthesis were investigated by RT-PCR. In order to evaluate oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation (LPO), nitric oxide (NO) levels, glutathione-s-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were measured. The highest mortality was determined in Glucose and Red LED groups. In glucose exposure, White LED application caused an increase in pancreatic area by increasing the expressions of pdx1, ptf1a, pax4, nkx6.1 and hnf1a genes in maintaining the circadian cycle, while Green LED application caused a decrease in pdx1, ptf1a, pax4, nkx6.1 and hnf1a gene expressions and decreases pancreatic area were found. High il1β expression was associated with a decrease in beta cell area in the Red LED group exposed to glucose, while low il1β expression was associated with a decrease in beta cell area in the Blue LED group. In the White LED group exposed to glucose, high ins and kcnj11 expressions increased similarly with the total cell fluorescence amount. Similarly, in the White LED group exposed to glucose, LPO expression increased, while GST expression decreased and SOD expression increased. The significant increase in fth1b, gclc and txnrd1 gene expressions and SOD activity led to the activation of antioxidant systems against oxidant damage. In addition to glucose exposure in the embryonic period, Blue and Red LED light exposure caused disruption in the circadian cycle. Exposure to white LED light increased pancreatic development and insulin secretion by stimulating the antioxidant systems. Green LED light exposure, on the other hand, increased oxidative damage and caused a decrease in the area of the pancreas.