Publication: Ev ziyaretleriyle ev kazası risk faktörlerinin saptanması ve belirlenen kazaların özellikleri
Abstract
Amaç: Bu çalışma, ev kazalarının özelliklerini ve ev içi kaza risk faktörlerini belirlemek amacıyla tanımlayıcı olarak planlandı. Gereç ve yöntem: Çalışmanın evrenini Şubat-Mayıs 2011 tarihleri arasında, İstanbul Anadolu yakasında bir mahallede yer alan aile sağlığı merkezine bağlı 183 hane oluşturdu. Örneklem seçimi yapılmayarak tüm evrene ulaşmak hedeflendi (N=181). Ailelere halk sağlığı hemşireliği uygulamaları kapsamında yapılan ev ziyaretleri ile ulaşıldı. Veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından literatür doğrultusunda oluşturulan 15 soruluk ev güvenliği anketi ve 26 soruluk ev güvenliği kontrol listesi kullanıldı. Formlar, araştırmacılar tarafından ziyaretler sırasında gözlem ve görüşme tekniği ile dolduruldu. Veriler, sayı, yüzde testi ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Yapılan çalışmaya göre, katılımcıların %84ü gecekondu tipte apartman dairesinde oturmaktadır, evlerin %43,6sı üç odalıdır. Katılımcıların son bir yıl içinde ev kazası geçirme değeri %56,9 olarak bulundu. Bu kazalara en çok bir yere sıkışma / sıkıştırmanın (%56,3) neden olduğu, kazaların %12,2sinin şişme, %17,5inin kırık, %16,5inin kanama ile sonuçlandığı anlaşıldı. Çalışma sonunda evlerin %95inde gaz detektörü olmadığı, %96,1inde duman detektörü olmadığı, %56,1inde boru ve baca temizliğinin yıllık olarak yapılmadığı, %92,8inin yangın söndürme aleti olmadığı, evlerin %21inde kaymaya ya da takılmaya yol açabilecek malzemelerin ortalıkta bırakıldığı, %79,6sında küvet, duş, tuvalet kenarlarında tutunmayı sağlayacak düzeneklerin olmadığı, %45,9unda acil telefon numaralarının kolay erişebilecek yerde bulunmadığı belirlendi. Sonuç: Araştırma sonucunda, ev kazası riski açısından evlerin güvenlik durumlarının yetersiz olduğu saptandı. Ziyaret yapılan evlerin yarısından fazlasında son bir yıl içinde ev kazası yaşandığı rapor edildi.
Aim: This study was planned as a descriptive study to determine the features of home accidents and the risk factors in the houses leading to the home accidents. Material and Method: The population of the study consisted of 183 households, who were contacted through home visits by public health nurses practicing around a family health center in a district on the Anatolian side of Istanbul between February and May 2011. Accessing all the universe was aimed with an end result of 181 households as the sample. As for data collection tools, an interview form about home safety with 15 questions and home safety check-list with 26 questions prepared by researchers in line with the literature were used. Forms were filled out using observation and interview techniques by the researchers during the home visits. Number and percentile tests were used for data analysis. Results: The study showed that 84% of the houses were apartment flats; 43.6% of the houses were three-roomed. The rate for home accidents in the recent year was determined to be 56.9%. It was found out that compression / being compressed was the most common cause of these accidents (56.3%) and they ended up with swelling (12.2%), fractures (17.5%), bleeding (16.5%). The results of the study revealed that 95% of homes did not possess gas detectors, 96.1% of homes did not have smoke detectors, 56.1% of the homes did not have pipe and chimney cleansing and controls annually, 92.8% of homes did not possess fire extinguishers, 21% of homes had material leading to slipping, left lying around, 79.6% of homes had no mechanisms to hold onto in bathtubs, shower and toilets and in 45.9% of the homes, the emergency phone numbers were not easily accessible. Conclusion: According to the results, security status of the homes was found to be insufficient in terms of the risk for home accidents. More than half of the home accidents reported were found to belong to the previous year.
Aim: This study was planned as a descriptive study to determine the features of home accidents and the risk factors in the houses leading to the home accidents. Material and Method: The population of the study consisted of 183 households, who were contacted through home visits by public health nurses practicing around a family health center in a district on the Anatolian side of Istanbul between February and May 2011. Accessing all the universe was aimed with an end result of 181 households as the sample. As for data collection tools, an interview form about home safety with 15 questions and home safety check-list with 26 questions prepared by researchers in line with the literature were used. Forms were filled out using observation and interview techniques by the researchers during the home visits. Number and percentile tests were used for data analysis. Results: The study showed that 84% of the houses were apartment flats; 43.6% of the houses were three-roomed. The rate for home accidents in the recent year was determined to be 56.9%. It was found out that compression / being compressed was the most common cause of these accidents (56.3%) and they ended up with swelling (12.2%), fractures (17.5%), bleeding (16.5%). The results of the study revealed that 95% of homes did not possess gas detectors, 96.1% of homes did not have smoke detectors, 56.1% of the homes did not have pipe and chimney cleansing and controls annually, 92.8% of homes did not possess fire extinguishers, 21% of homes had material leading to slipping, left lying around, 79.6% of homes had no mechanisms to hold onto in bathtubs, shower and toilets and in 45.9% of the homes, the emergency phone numbers were not easily accessible. Conclusion: According to the results, security status of the homes was found to be insufficient in terms of the risk for home accidents. More than half of the home accidents reported were found to belong to the previous year.