Person: CESUR, SÜMEYYE
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CESUR
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SÜMEYYE
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Publication Open Access Microfluidic systems for neural tissue engineering(Elsevier Science, Oxford/Amsterdam , 2023-01-01) CESUR, SÜMEYYE; ULAĞ, SONGÜL; GÜNDÜZ, OĞUZHAN; Cesur S., Ulağ S., Gündüz O.Damage to the nervous system due to illness or injury can cause serious and lasting loss of function or even fatal consequences. It is necessary to develop new treatment strategies to restore the function of the damaged nervous system.The optimal environment for nerve cell proliferation and differentiation is provided by neural tissue engineering. It aims to improve a new approximation for the therapy of nervous system diseases. Compared to 2D cell culture techniques, 3D cell culture systems ensure a more biomimetic environment and encourage more differentiation of cells. However, certain cell culture parameters have limitations in spatio-temporal control. With the advent of microfluidic systems, it can control the spatio-temporal dispersion of physical and chemical signals at the cellular level. In this section, microfluidic systems are explored as a tool to target both physical and chemical injury and recreate the post-injury environment, to study nerve injury at the cellular grade.Publication Open Access The Role of Multilayer Electrospun Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)/Gelatin nanofibers loaded with Fluconazole and Cinnamaldehyde in the Potential Treatment of Fungal Keratitis(2022-08-01) GÜNDÜZ, OĞUZHAN; TINAZ, GÜLGÜN; ŞENGÖR, MUSTAFA; CESUR, SÜMEYYE; Ilhan E., Cesur S., Sulutas R. B., Pilavci E., Dalbayrak B., Kaya E., Arisan E. D., Tinaz G., ŞENGÖR M., Kijeenska-Gawaronska E., et al.Fungal keratitis is a severe corneal infection that causes irreversible damage to the cornea, for which conventional drug treatments may be insufficient. With the new generation of drug delivery systems, it is desired to ensure the ocular usability of drugs. In this study, two-layer polyvinyl alcohol and gelatin (PVA/GEL) nanofibers with high drug loading capacity were produced by the electrospinning method. Cinnamaldehyde (CA), an FDAapproved volatile molecule found in cinnamon essential oil, and fluconazole (FLU), an antifungal drug, were incorporated into PVA/GEL nanofibers to inhibit the growth and biofilm formation of Candida albicans, one of the pathogens that cause fungal keratitis. The morphology, chemical structures, and thermal transitions of the produced pure (PVA/GEL), FLU loaded (PVA/GEL/FLU), CA loaded (PVA/GEL/CA), and combined FLU and CA loaded (PVA/GEL/COM) nanofibers were analysed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively. The mechanical analysis, swelling and degradation behaviour, and drug release kinetics of the nanofibers were investigated. PVA/ GEL/FLU, PVA/GEL/CA and PVA/GEL/FLU/COM nanofibers were evaluated for their antifungal and antibiofilm activity against Candida albicans. Results showed that PVA/GEL/FLU and PVA/GEL/COM nanofibers have significant antifungal activity and inhibited biofilm formation by 37% and 49%, respectively. Furthermore, it was determined by MTT analysis using a human embryonic kidney (HEK) that the nanofibers were not cytotoxic. In the treatment of fungal keratitis, double-layer PVA/GEL/COM nanofiber with CA in the first layer and FLU in the second layer can create a new treatment approach as an alternative drug delivery system.Publication Open Access Design of cinnamaldehyde- and gentamicin-loaded double-layer corneal nanofiber patches with antibiofilm and antimicrobial effects(2023-07-26) CESUR, SÜMEYYE; Cesur S., Ilhan E., Tut T. A., Kaya E., Dalbayrak B., Bosgelmez-Tinaz G., Arısan E. D., Gunduz O., Kijeńska-Gawrońska E.: In this study, two-layer poly(vinyl alcohol)/gelatin (PVA/GEL) nanofiber patches containing cinnamaldehyde (CA) in the first layer and gentamicin (GEN) in the second layer were produced by the electrospinning method. The morphology, chemical structures, and thermal temperatures of the produced pure (PVA/GEL), CA-loaded (PVA/ GEL/CA), GEN-loaded (PVA/GEL/GEN), and combined drug-loaded (PVA/GEL/CA/ GEN) nanofiber patches were determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. Their mechanical properties, swelling and degradation behavior, and drug release kinetics were investigated. SEM images showed that both drug-free and drug-loaded nanofiber patches possess smooth and monodisperse structures, and nanofiber size increase occurred as the amount of drug increased. The tensile test results showed that the mechanical strength decreased as the drug was loaded. According to the drug release results, CA release ended at the 96th hour, while GEN release continued until the 264th hour. The antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of PVA/GEL, PVA/GEL/CA, PVA/GEL/GEN, and PVA/GEL/CA/GEN nanofiber patches against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were evaluated. Results showed that PVA/GEL/GEN and PVA/GEL/CA/GEN nanofiber patches have excellent antibacterial and antibiofilm activities. Moreover, all materials were biocompatible, with no cytotoxic effects in the mammalian cell model for 8 days. PVA/GEL/GEN nanofiber patches were the most promising material for a high cell survival ratio, which was confirmed by SEM images. This research aims to develop an alternative method to stop and treat the rapid progression of bacterial keratitis.Publication Open Access Preparation and characterization of pure natural hydroxyapatite derived from seashells for controlled drug delivery(2022-09-01) OKTAR, FAİK NÜZHET; GÜNDÜZ, OĞUZHAN; BİLĞİÇ ALKAYA, DİLEK; AYAZ SEYHAN, SERAP; CESUR, SÜMEYYE; AYAZ SEYHAN S., Alkaya D., Cesur S., OKTAR F. N., GÜNDÜZ O.The marine species are specially used for the fabrication of bioceramic nano-powders with natural methods for their use in controlled drug delivery. However, there are only very limited studies regarding the production and synthesis of hydroxyapatite (HA)-based drug delivery systems from marine structures. In this study, poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) containing Rifampicin (RIF)-loaded Orange Spiny Oyster Seashell (Spondylus barbatus) hydroxyapatite (HA) composite is synthesized by an in situ ultrasound-assisted method. All samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively. The in vitro drug release tests of the obtained samples were performed in a phosphate-buffered medium (PBS) at 37 degrees C. Drug release was evaluated according to five varying kinetic models. In vitro RIF release from HA/PVA composite in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) showed prolonged sustained drug release. From the drug release kinetic models, Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas were found to be the best model for the three ratios based on the correlation coefficient. The diffusion component is less than 0.5, which indicates quasi-fickian diffusion. From the kinetic study results, the RIF-loaded marine phase composite has potential use in drug delivery applications as it shows positive sustained drug release behavior.Publication Open Access A novel strategy as a potential rapid therapy modality in the treatment of corneal ulcers: Fluconazole/vancomycin dual drug-loaded nanofibrous patches(2023-01-01) CESUR, SÜMEYYE; BİNGÖL ÖZAKPINAR, ÖZLEM; TINAZ, GÜLGÜN; OKTAR, FAİK NÜZHET; GÜNDÜZ, OĞUZHAN; CESUR S., Ilhan E., Pilavci E., Sulutas R. B., Gurboga M., BİNGÖL ÖZAKPINAR Ö., Kaya E., Heljak M., TINAZ G., OKTAR F. N., et al.Corneal ulcer, which is brought on by a breach in the epithelial barrier, is a dangerous infection of the avascular corneal stroma. New treatment strategies are needed, suppressing the aggressive nature of the disease and including a combination of different drugs. In this study, vancomycin (VAN) and fluconazole (FLU) dual-drug loaded dual-layered polyvinyl alcohol and gelatin (PVA/GEL) nanofibrous patches are produced by electrospinning. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images show smooth surfaces are obtained for both pure and drug-loaded nanofibrous patches. The tensile test results report that loading the FLU and VAN separately into the PVA/GEL patches decrease both the tensile strength and elongation at break and it is further reduced when combining two drug-loaded layers in one patch. According to drug release results, the FLU and VAN-loaded nanofibrous patches show a controlled release profile extending up to 96 h. Moreover, PVA/GEL/FLU, PVA/GEL/VAN, and PVA/GEL/FLU/VAN nanofibrous patches display significant antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus. SEM, 4\"-6diamidynofenyloindol (DAPI) staining, and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay show that PVA/FLU and PVA/GEL/FLU/VAN nanofibrous patches have a superior effect on NIH3T3 cell spreading and proliferation. The novelty of this study lays in the development of a potential dual drug rapid treatment for corneal ulcers of aggressive nature.Publication Open Access Combination techniques towards novel drug delivery systems manufacturing: 3D PCL scaffolds enriched with tetracycline-loaded PVP nanoparticles(2024-01-01) CESUR, SÜMEYYE; CESUR S.Drug delivery systems based on synthetic and natural polymers offer a new approach with a capacity to control the release of bio-active agents within time. In this work, we present different designs of Polycaprolactone (PCL) 3D scaffolds containing Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) nanoparticles that can store a hydrophilic drug. The drug delivery system, combined of PCL and PVP polymers fabricated by additive manufacturing, aims for a solution for longer and more stabled drug delivery carrier. The drug, planned to be released to the targeted area, is sprayed with the electrospray method inside PVP nanoparticles on the different layers of the fabricated PCL scaffolds 3D printing. This makes obtaining a layered and porous scaffold and drug-loaded nanoparticles within this structure easier. Obtained PCL scaffolds containing Tetracyclines (Tet) loaded PVP nanoparticles showed that drug encapsulation into the interlayer extended the release time and exhibited a controlled release profile for days. Moreover, produced scaffolds have good biocompatibility and no harmful effects. The combination of 3D scaffolds and drug-loaded nanoparticles aims to develop new functional scaffolds by targeting more efficient and longer-lasting drug delivery.Publication Open Access Characterization of scaffolds for neural tissue engineering(Elsevier Science, Oxford/Amsterdam , 2023-01-01) CESUR, SÜMEYYE; ULAĞ, SONGÜL; Ulağ S., Cesur S., Ayran M. M., Bozlar M.With the advancement of tissue engineering techniques, the repair of nerve injuries has acquired a novel dimension. It is now appropriate to establish a scaffold that entirely mimics the biological and mechanical properties of real human tissue using tissue engineering techniques. In order to determine how well synthetic and/or natural polymers can construct optimal scaffolds, cells and growth factors can also be investigated to enhance the functionality of scaffolds. Studies are underway to design biodegradable, biocompatible, electrically conductive, and immunologically inert scaffolds. The primary objective is to accurately simulate the extracellular matrix in the human body and to expose the conjunction of biochemical, topographic, and electrical features employing different polymers, cells, and growth hormones. This chapter focuses on the importance of processing/engineering and characterization techniques for neural tissue scaffolds used to regenerate neural diseases.