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PEKER EYÜBOĞLU, İREM

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PEKER EYÜBOĞLU

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2020 - 20222
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Author: AKAKIN, DİLEK × Subject: inflammation ×

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    Possible anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects of apigenin in the setting of mild traumatic brain injury: an investigation*
    (2022-10-01) KOYUNCUOĞLU, TÜRKAN; YÜKSEL, MERAL; PEKER EYÜBOĞLU, İREM; AKAKIN, DİLEK; Kuru Bektasoglu P., Demir D., Koyuncuoglu T., YÜKSEL M., PEKER EYÜBOĞLU İ., Karagoz Koroglu A., AKAKIN D., Yildirim A., Celikoglu E., Gurer B.
    Objective Apigenin is a plant flavone proven with biological properties such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects. This study, it was aimed to examine the possible anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects of apigenin in the setting of the mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) model. Methods Wistar albino male rats were randomly assigned to groups: control (n = 9), TBI (n = 9), TBI + vehicle (n = 8), and TBI + apigenin (20 and 40 mg/kg, immediately after trauma; n = 6 and n = 7). TBI was performed by dropping a 300 g weight from a height of 1 m onto the skull under anesthesia. Neurological examination and tail suspension tests were applied before and 24 h after trauma, as well as Y-maze and object recognition tests, after that rats were decapitated. In brain tissue, luminol- and lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescence levels and cytokine ELISA levels were measured. Histological damage was scored. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA. Results After TBI, luminol (p < .001) and lucigenin (p < .001) levels increased, and luminol and lucigenin levels decreased with apigenin treatments (p < .01-.001). The tail suspension test score increased with trauma (p < .01). According to the pre-traumatic values, the number of entrances to the arms (p < .01) in the Y-maze decreased after trauma (p < .01). In the object recognition test, discrimination (p < .05) and recognition indexes (p < .05) decreased with trauma. There was no significant difference among trauma apigenin groups in behavioral tests. Interleukin (IL)-10 levels, one of the anti-inflammatory cytokines, decreased with trauma (p < .05), and increased with 20 and 40 mg apigenin treatment (p < .001 and p < .01, respectively). The histological damage score in the cortex was decreased in the apigenin 20 mg treatment group significantly (p < .05), but the decrease observed in the apigenin 40 mg group was not significant. Conclusion The results of this study revealed that apigenin 20 and 40 mg treatment may have neuroprotective effects in mild TBI via decreasing the level of luminol and lucigenin and increasing the IL-10 levels. Additionally, apigenin 20 mg treatment ameliorated the trauma-induced cortical tissue damage.
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    Neuropeptide-w protects against stress-induced gastric ulcer in rats via the involvement of capsaicin-sensitive vagal afferent fibers
    (2020-11-28) PEKER EYÜBOĞLU, İREM; AKKİPRİK, MUSTAFA; YEGEN, BERRAK; AKAKIN, DİLEK; ARABACI TAMER S., AKBULUT S., AKAKIN D., PEKER EYÜBOĞLU İ., AKKİPRİK M., YEGEN B.
    AIM: Neuropeptide-W (NPW), expressed in hypothalamus and peripheral organs, activates hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, and may have a physiological role in neuroendocrine response to stress. The aim was to evaluate protective effects of NPW on stress-induced gastric injury in rats. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley male rats were fasted for 24 hours, restrained and immersed in water-bath for 6 h to induce water-immersion restraint stress (WIRS), and NPW (0.1 or 5µg/kg) or saline was injected subcutaneously at 15 minutes before WIRS (n=24), while saline-injected control rats had no WIRS (n=8). For degeneration of vagal afferent fibers (VAD), in some rats (n=24) capsaicin (1%) was applied perivagally under ketamine anesthesia, and 3 weeks later WIRS was induced. Using a laser Doppler, gastric serosal blood flow was monitored under anesthesia. Following cardiac puncture, gastric tissues were removed for macroscopic/microscopic scoring and measurement of myeloperoxidase activity, malondialdehyde and glutathione levels. Gastric NF-κB and cerebral NPW mRNA expressions were detected by RT-PCR. One-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: WIRS decreased mean serosal blood flow, resulted in elevated macroscopic/ microscopic scores compared to control group (p<0.001), while myeloperoxidase activity and malondialdehyde level were elevated (p<0.05) and antioxidant glutathione was depleted (p<0.001). WIRS depressed gastric NF-κB and cerebral NPW mRNA expressions (p<0.01). Neither doses of NPW changed gastric NF-κB mRNA. Lowerdose of NPW elevated blood flow (p<0.001), abolished WIRS-induced elevations in myeloperoxidase and malondialdehyde levels (p<0.05). High-dose NPW replenished gastric glutathione and brain NPW expression and reduced scores (p<0.05-0.01). Despite that VAD did not alter effects of high-dose NPW, reductions in malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase, and improvement in blood flow by low-dose NPW were abolished by VAD (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: In stress-induced oxidative gastric injury, NPW provides gastroprotection by improving depressed blood flow and inhibiting ulcer-induced oxidative injury, which involve contribution of vagal afferent fibers