Person: AYDEMİR, CEM
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AYDEMİR
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CEM
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Publication Open Access Sustainability in the print and packaging industry(2023-07-01) TUTAK, DOĞAN; AYDEMİR, CEM; YENİDOĞAN, SEMİHA; Tutak D., Aydemir C., Yenidoğan S.In the printing and packaging industry, sustainability is defined as manufacture and practices that reflect responsibility for the environment and resources to meet the needs and expectations of future generations. In this article, raw material management, cellulose resources, industrial forests, ecological and renewable alternative fiber resources were examined in the framework of the sustainability of the printing and packaging industry. The recycling of printed materials and packaging and the effects of paper-ink types and product design in this recycling have been discussed. The effect of separation and processing at the source on the efficiency of paper recycling, economy and ecology was emphasized. The greenhouse gas emissions of solvents used in inks and cleaners, the impact on climate change, water footprint and carbon footprint issues were examined. Suggestions have been made on environmental sustainability in the printing industry, what needs to be done for a competitive production, successful optimization, minimization of waste, use of existing possibilities, recycling and evaluation of alternatives and use of clean energy.Publication Metadata only Effects of color mixing components on offset ink and printing process(TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2017) AYDEMİR, CEM; Aydemir, Cem; Yenidogan, Semiha; Karademir, Arif; Arman, EmineIn printing, the most important element is to obtain the correct substrate and ink combination. Transparent white and opaque white are used for the lightening of printing inks, but they are also an important component for the mixing of inks. The primary objective of this study was to assess the result of using transparent and opaque white in mineral oil-based offset printing inks on the rheological and printability properties of these inks as well as the ideal mixing ratios in terms of print quality. Transparent and opaque white were added into the standard offset magenta ink variable ratios. Differences in ink viscosity, tack, and flow (rheological) values affect such parameters as adhesion, transferability, and printing stability in these inks. Prints were made on matt-coated papers of the same grammage with these inks, and contact angle, solid ink density, color strength, and print gloss values of these ink films were measured. Color differences (Delta E*(ab)) of inks in comparison to the standard ink were calculated and the effects of transparent and opaque white on the rheological and printability properties of the ink were presented. Finally, the ideal mixture ratios of transparent and opaque white into the ink were determined in terms of print quality and recommendations were presented.Publication Metadata only Effects of matte coating on the paper surface and print density(WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH, 2013) AYDEMİR, CEM; Aydemir, Cem; Ozomay, Zafer; Karademir, Arif; Kandirmaz, Emine ArmanIn this work, standard laboratory printing applications with IGT (ISO 12647-2) were applied on uncoated and matte-coated papers using offset inks (DIN ISO 2846-1). Surface roughnesses of uncoated and coated sheets were recorded to be 195 and 13 ml/min, respectively. Air permanence values of uncoated and coated papers were found to be 5.6 and 0.103 mu m/Pa.s, respectively. Changes in the print densities were recorded up to 48 h. Print density changes for uncoated and matte-coated papers were surprisingly found to be in similar paths (8% in the first 4 h), although significant differences between surface roughnesses were recorded. Furthermore, paper samples showed similar behaviors for the percent volume changes, where drop volume disappeared within 6 min. It is concluded that matte coating did not have any significant effects on print density change and drop volume change.Publication Metadata only The use of natural (Pinus pinaster) resin in the production of printing ink and the printability effect(WILEY, 2020) AYDEMİR, CEM; Karademir, Arif; Aydemir, Cem; Yenidogan, Semiha; Arman Kandirmaz, Emine; Kiter, Rukiye G.Alkyd resins are generally used in the production of printing inks. All industries look for alternative raw materials in the production of ink with the growing inclination toward using natural products. Resins forming the vehicle of the ink to be obtained from natural resources will provide benefits for the environment, nature, and living creatures. The aim of the study was to promote the use of natural resin in the ink system. NaturalPinus pinasterresin was added into vegetable and mineral oil-based solvents in pure form with alkyd resin in different amounts and ink varnishes of different combinations were prepared. Then, printing inks were produced from these varnishes in pure and hybrid form. Following the assessment of the rheological properties of the inks prepared, printing tests were conducted to assess the printing quality parameters. Ideal mixing ratios of the natural resins in the ink were determined for printability. The environmental importance and advantages of the use of natural resins were discussed. Recommendations were given in line with the results to encourage widespread use of natural resins in near future.Publication Metadata only A study on the printability properties of alkali-sized recycled papers(WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH, 2016) AYDEMİR, CEM; Aydemir, CemRecycled handsheets were prepared from old newspapers and old office papers with internal sizing applications of alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) emulsion at 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5% addition levels as received basis. Handsheets made at 80 g/m(2) were air dried and oven dried as placed in drying rings followed by conditioning prior to testing. The contact angle, surface energy and drop volume changes of handsheets were carefully measured as well as used some offset printing applications. Freeness levels of pulp from newspapers and office papers were measured to be 65 and 45 SR degrees, respectively. It was confirmed that AKD sizing improved paper resistance against water and printing ink, and this was further improved with oven drying. Contact angle values obtained from oven-dried office papers and newspapers were in the range of 105 degrees-95 degrees and 85 degrees-75 degrees, respectively. Without drying, lowest contact angles from newspapers and office papers were recorded to be around 72 degrees and 37 degrees, respectively. Results were in agreement with surface energy values of samples which were around 60 mJ/m(2) for air-dried samples and over 30 mJ/m(2) for oven-dried handsheets. It was concluded that sizing actually improves print quality but may also increase colour change differences over time as represented by Delta E.Publication Metadata only Plastik FilmAmbalaj Malzeme Bileşenlerinin Migrasyonu(2019-01-11) YENİDOĞAN, SEMİHA; AYDEMİR, CEM; HAYTA P., YENİDOĞAN S., AYDEMİR C., MUTLU B.Publication Metadata only Evaluation of Sound Absorption, Printability, and Some Mechanical Properties of Thin Recycled Cellulosic Sheets Containing Wool, Ceramic Fiber, and Cotton Dust(TAYLOR & FRANCIS AS, 2012) AYDEMİR, CEM; Karademir, Arif; Yenidogan, Semiha; Aydemir, Cem; Kucuk, HalukA number of thin biocomposites were produced from waste corrugated board pulp with 15% and 30% blending of wool fibers (WF), ceramic fibers (CF), and cotton dust (CD), respectively. The highest sound absorption value was obtained from samples containing 30% wool fibers. Printability of control sheets unfortunately was remarkably damaged. Ceramic fibers improved the thermal stability of control sheets, which was followed by WF and CD. Tensile and burst indexes of samples, however, were greatly reduced. It was furthermore found that CD, CF, and WF additions increased the air permeability values of resultant papers parallel to great reduction on densities.Publication Open Access Controlling unequal surface energy results caused by test liquids: the case of UV/O3 Treated PET(2022-04-01) AYDEMİR, CEM; Altay B. N., Fleming P. D., Rahman M. A., Pekarovicova A., Myers B., AYDEMİR C., KARADEMİR A.Ultraviolet/ozone (UV/O-3) treatment has been reported to be an effective method to modify properties such as wettability, adhesion or adsorption of plastic surfaces. The change in the surface is measured by contact angle analysis, which employs liquids and their surface tensions (ST) to estimate the surface energy (SE). We found two different practices in the scientific community: (1) the majority of researchers adopted the ST value of liquids from the literature, while (2) other researchers conducted real-time measurements in the lab under ambient conditions prior to SE estimation. To the best of our knowledge, there is no study that compares the difference between the two practices. One study was found to show different SE methods generating unequal SE values for the same substrate. However, there was no definitive conclusion backed by general thermodynamics rules. In this study, we presented (1) a statistical significance test that showed the literature and experimental ST values are significantly different, and studied (2) the effect of different liquid pairs on the SE estimation for UV/O-3 treated poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) substrate. Modification techniques such as atmospheric pressure plasma or chemical modification were studied previously to examine PET\"s wettability and the SE. The UV/O-3 treatment was studied to improve adhesion and to modify its chemical properties for adsorption. In contrast, we studied (3) the effect of UV/O-3 on wettability at different timeframes and addressed (4) how to control unequal SE based on a method that was refined on a rigorous thermodynamic three-phase system. It must be noted that this method can be generalized to other types of solid surfaces to estimate thermodynamically self-consistent SE values. This work also provides (5) a web-based calculator that complements computational findings available to the readership in the data availability section.Publication Metadata only Time-Dependent Behavior of a Sessile Water Droplet on Various Papers(TAYLOR & FRANCIS AS, 2010) AYDEMİR, CEM; Aydemir, CemIn this paper the results of an extensive experimental study on the volume change of a water sessile droplet on various papers such as gloss and matte-coated papers and high-grade papers and boards with certain specifications are reported. The droplet on a paper is observed using a computer-controlled and fully automated instrument. The total volume and the contact angle of the sessile droplet are recorded in short time intervals (as short as 150 milliseconds) for about 6-10min. The evaporation effect on the change of the volume of the water droplet is controlled by measuring the size change of a droplet on a glass surface. The instruments and the material used in the experiments are introduced in detail and the results are displayed in a series of figures and tables. The effects of possible mechanisms on the behavior of the water droplet are discussed, and directions of future studies are indicated. It is concluded that the relationship between water and a cellulose-based substrate cannot be fully understood if the microstructure of the cellulose-based materials and the three main mechanisms, namely evaporation, absorption and hygroexpansion, are not taken into account simultaneously.Publication Open Access The examination of vegetable- and mineral oil-based inks' effects on print quality: Green printing effects with different oils(SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD, 2018-07) AYDEMİR, CEM; Aydemir, Cem; Yenidogan, Semiha; Karademir, Arif; Kandirmaz, Emine ArmanIntroduction: Printing inks oil selection is related to the desired nature of the varnish in the ink production. Petroleumderived mineral oils and vegetable oils can be used in offset inks. Methods: In this study, the behaviors of vegetable- and mineral oil-based inks on uncoated and coated paper surfaces were investigated in terms of printability. Solid tone test prints were done with offset printing of these inks. Print gloss of the printed samples was measured and a light fastness test was implemented on these samples in order to determine the resistance to fading. Absorption behavior and contact angles of the ink-printed films on the test papers were measured with the sessile water drop method depending on time, and surface energies were calculated. Results: On both paper types, linseed-soybean oil-based vegetable ink gave the highest brightness value. The lowest print gloss results on the paper were obtained from soybean oil-based inks. The lowest color change was recorded with mineral oil-based inks on gloss-coated papers. According to the ink-film-surface relation, when the contact angle is high, surface energy decreases and the absorbency of the ink-film is lower. Conclusions: In this study, the behaviors of vegetable- and mineral oil-based inks on different paper surfaces, and the effect on the quality of printability as well as differences, have been evaluated, taking environmental and health factors into consideration.