Publication: Aslan mı Kağıttan Kaplan mı?: KOBİ'lere Dayalı Kalkınma Yaklaşımının Eleştirisi
Abstract
80'li yıllardan günümze dünya ekonomisinde görülen yeniden yapılanma etkinlikleri Küçük ve Orta Büyüklükteki İşletmeleri (KOBI'ler) tekrar gündeme taşımıştır. Günümüzde özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerde KOBI'lerin kalkınma sürecinde yerel ve bölgesel dinamizmin önemli kaynaklarından biri olduğu görüşünden hareketle, KOBI'lerin istihdam yaratmak, rekabet ve yenilikçiliği tesis etmek, daha iyi çalışma koşulları sağlamak bakımından teşvik edilmeleri gerektiği Heri sürülmektedir. Bu makale ile amaçlanan, KOBI'ler ve kalkınma sürecindeki rolleri üzerine farklı görüşleri değerlendirmek ve 1980 sonrası Türkiye ekonomisindeki gelişmeler ışığında sınamaktır. Yazıda ileri sürülen ana fikir, 80 sonrası ihracata dayalı sanayileşme deneyiminin ve KOBI'lerin küresel üretim zincirlerine eklemlenme çabalarının hem büyük firmalarla kurulan taşeronluk ilişkilerinden bağımsız olarak ele alınamayacağı hem de kalkınma sorunlarının çözümüne sınırlı katkıda bulunacağıdır.
Restructuring efforts in the world economy since the 80's have brought Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) once more to the stage. According to the view that nowadays SMEs represent an important source of local and regional dynamism and that the development is above all a local matter, SMEs should have been promoted in order to create employment, stimulate competition and innovation and to provide belter working environment in developing economies. This article aims to discuss and criticize different approaches on SMEs about their role in economic development and test this view by taking the Turkish experience since 1980 as a case study. It is based on the argument that presence of SMEs in a region does not necessarily mean development without taking the company strategies of large firms based on international subcontracting into account. The Turkish experience according to this article shows that SMEs in an export-oriented development environment which aims to integrate into global value chains can not much contribute to the development problems of the country.
Restructuring efforts in the world economy since the 80's have brought Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) once more to the stage. According to the view that nowadays SMEs represent an important source of local and regional dynamism and that the development is above all a local matter, SMEs should have been promoted in order to create employment, stimulate competition and innovation and to provide belter working environment in developing economies. This article aims to discuss and criticize different approaches on SMEs about their role in economic development and test this view by taking the Turkish experience since 1980 as a case study. It is based on the argument that presence of SMEs in a region does not necessarily mean development without taking the company strategies of large firms based on international subcontracting into account. The Turkish experience according to this article shows that SMEs in an export-oriented development environment which aims to integrate into global value chains can not much contribute to the development problems of the country.