Publication: Akıllı binalarda web teknolojilerinin kullanımı
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Date
2022
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Günümüzde birçok alanda Internet of Things (IoT) kullanımı yaygınlaşmakta ve her geçen gün İnternet’e bağlı cihaz sayısı artmaktadır. IoT uygulamaları yaygınlaştıkça beraberinde bir takım problemleri de getirmektedir. IoT uygulamalarında tasarlanan uygulamaların çoğu yeniden geliştirilebilir yapıda değildir ve birbirinden farklı haberleşme protokolleri kullanmaktadır. IoT teknolojisinin kullanım alanlarından olan akıllı binalarda da bu durum geçerlidir. Akıllı bina sistemlerinde kullanılan ve farklı protokoller üzerinden haberleşen çeşitli cihazlar piyasada bulunmaktadır. Farklı haberleşme protokolleri kullanan cihazların bir arada çalışabilmesi ve sistemlerin yeniden programlama özelliği kazanabilmesi için Web of Things (WoT) konsepti geliştirilmiştir. Bu tez çalışmasında Web of Things (WoT) konsepti ile IoT tabanlı akıllı bina otomasyonu oluşturmak için .NET Core yazılım çerçevesinden yararlanılmıştır. Bu kapsamda RESTful HTTP API, Worker Service ve kullanıcılar için Web uygulama ara yüzü geliştirilmiştir. Yapılan çalışmada akıllı bina sistemleri için farklı platformlar, sensörler, aktüatörler ve haberleşme protokolleri kullanılmıştır. Her sistem farklı bir protokol üzerinden tasarlanan WoT Gateway ile çift yönlü iletişim kurmaktadır. Hypertext Transfer Protocol üzerinden izleme ve kontrolün yapıldığı uygulamada gerçek zamanlı bildirimler için de WebSocket protokolünden yararlanılmıştır. Veri güvenliği, rol bazlı yetki kontrolü ve veri tabanı işlemleri için .NET kütüphanelerinden yararlanılmıştır. WoT konsepti ile geliştirilen sisteme yeni bir alt sistem eklenmek istendiğinde, önceden eklenen diğer alt sistemlere, protokollere ve yazılım dillerine bağlı olmadan oldukça kolay bir şekilde sisteme entegre edilebilir. Bu çalışmada yer alan modüler otomasyon sistemi pratik olarak uygulanıp test edilmiştir. Yerel ağda Web sunucusuna HTTP GET ile yapılan isteklerde veri uzunluğuna bağlı olarak 35 ms ile 245 ms, HTTP POST ile yapılan isteklerde ortalama 35ms ek gecikme gözlemlenmiştir. Gecikme süreleri kullanıcı deneyimini etkilemeyecek kadar az olduğu için farklı protokollerin kullanıldığı çeşitli senaryolar için yeterlidir.
Nowadays, the use of Internet of Things (IoT) is spreading in many fields and the number of devices connected to the Internet is increasing day by day. When IoT applications become extensive, they also carry some problems. Most of the designed IoT applications don't have redevelopment features and use different protocols. The case is the similar for smart buildings, which are among the IoT application fields. Many different devices working with diverse protocols in the market are used for smart building systems. Web of Things (WoT) concept developed so that devices using different communication protocols could work in common and systems can obtain reprogramming feature.In this thesis, the .NET Core software framework was used to perform IoT-based smart building automation with the Web of Things (WoT) concept. In this context, RESTful HTTP API, Worker Service and a Web application for users were developed. In this study, various platforms, sensors, actuators and communication protocols were used for hardware where smart building subsystems are represented. Each system communicates bidirectionally with the WoT Gateway designed over a different protocol. WebSocket protocol was also used for real-time notifications in this study, where monitoring and control is carried out over the Hypertext Transfer Protocol. .NET libraries were used for role based authorization control, database operations and data security, When a new subsystem is wanted to be added to the system enhanced with the WoT concept, it can be easily added into the system without being addicted on other previously added subsystems, protocols and software languages. Modular automation system designed in this study applied practically and tested. Depending on the data length, an additional delay of 35 ms to 245 ms was observed for requests made with HTTP GET to the Web server in the local network, and an average of 35 ms for requests made with HTTP POST. It is convenient for scenarios where various communication protocols are used, as the delayed times are so low that they do not affect the user experience.
Nowadays, the use of Internet of Things (IoT) is spreading in many fields and the number of devices connected to the Internet is increasing day by day. When IoT applications become extensive, they also carry some problems. Most of the designed IoT applications don't have redevelopment features and use different protocols. The case is the similar for smart buildings, which are among the IoT application fields. Many different devices working with diverse protocols in the market are used for smart building systems. Web of Things (WoT) concept developed so that devices using different communication protocols could work in common and systems can obtain reprogramming feature.In this thesis, the .NET Core software framework was used to perform IoT-based smart building automation with the Web of Things (WoT) concept. In this context, RESTful HTTP API, Worker Service and a Web application for users were developed. In this study, various platforms, sensors, actuators and communication protocols were used for hardware where smart building subsystems are represented. Each system communicates bidirectionally with the WoT Gateway designed over a different protocol. WebSocket protocol was also used for real-time notifications in this study, where monitoring and control is carried out over the Hypertext Transfer Protocol. .NET libraries were used for role based authorization control, database operations and data security, When a new subsystem is wanted to be added to the system enhanced with the WoT concept, it can be easily added into the system without being addicted on other previously added subsystems, protocols and software languages. Modular automation system designed in this study applied practically and tested. Depending on the data length, an additional delay of 35 ms to 245 ms was observed for requests made with HTTP GET to the Web server in the local network, and an average of 35 ms for requests made with HTTP POST. It is convenient for scenarios where various communication protocols are used, as the delayed times are so low that they do not affect the user experience.
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Keywords
Akıllı Binalar, Web of Things, Internet of Things, REST API, WebSocket, .NET Core Smart Buildings, Web of Things, Internet of Things, REST API, WebSocket, .NET Core