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Pain evaluation in a sample of Turkish children with cerebral palsy and its association with dependency level, verbal abilities, and the quality of life of patients and sociodemographic status, depression, and quality of life of their caregivers

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dc.contributor.authorKARADAĞ SAYGI, NAİME EVRİM
dc.contributor.authorsGiray, Esra; Simsek, Halil Ibrahim; Aydogduoglu, Mustafa; Kangal, Alp Cagatay; Celik, Abdulkadir; Kurt, Cihat; Saygi, Evrim Karadag
dc.date.accessioned2022-04-25T00:11:13Z
dc.date.available2022-04-25T00:11:13Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.description.abstractObjectives: This study aims to evaluate pain in children with cerebral palsy (CP), to investigate its association with dependency level, verbal abilities, and the quality of life (QoL) of children and sociodemographic status, depression levels, and QoL of their caregivers. Patients and methods: Between February 2016 and April 2016, a total of 85 children (56 males, 29 females; mean age 7.1 +/- 2.5 years; range, 4 to 12 years) with CP were included. Their sociodemographic data, gross motor functional levels, verbal abilities (verbal and non-verbal) were evaluated. The children were categorized as independent (Gross Motor Function Classification System [GMFCS] 1), partially dependent (GMFCS 2,3), and totally dependent (GMFCS 4,5). The Non-Communicating Children's Pain Checklist - Revised (NCCPC-R), the Caregiver Priorities & Child Health Index of Life with Disabilities (CPCHILD), the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were used for the evaluation. Results: A total of 50 (58.8%) of the children were verbal, while 35 (41.2%) were non-verbal. Of the patients, 47.1% were totally dependent, 37.6% were partially dependent, and 15.3% were independent. Pain was less frequent in the independent group, compared to the partially and totally dependent groups (p=0.04; p=0.013). There were no statistically significant difference in perceived pain according to the CPCHILD and NCCPC-R scores, when low and high socioeconomic status were compared (p>0.05). The QoL scores of children who were totally dependent and non-verbal were statistically significantly lower than those of the other children (p=0.0001, p=0.0001). A statistically significantly negative correlation between increased totally dependent children's QoL scores and decreased QoL scores of the caregivers was observed (r=-0.429 p=0.006). The children with pain had a decreased QoL (p=0.03). The QoL of caregivers decreased and the depression scores of caregivers increased, as the pain scores of the children increased (r=0.291, p=0.007; r=-0.455, p=0.0001). Conclusion: Our study results show that pain is more frequent in children with CP who are dependent and non-verbal, and it negatively affects the QoL of both caregivers and children. Evaluation of pain and the identification of CP patients who are at high risk of experiencing pain is worthwhile, as these individuals have difficulty in verbalizing pain due to their cognitive problems, although they are at risk of experiencing pain due to chronic physical problems, such as spasticity and contracture, as well as interventions for complicated medical problems.
dc.identifier.doi10.5606/tftrd.2018.1871
dc.identifier.issn2587-0823
dc.identifier.pubmed31453515
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11424/263864
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000443961800005
dc.languageeng
dc.publisherBAYCINAR MEDICAL PUBL-BAYCINAR TIBBI YAYINCILIK
dc.relation.ispartofTURKISH JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.subjectCaregivers
dc.subjectcerebral palsy
dc.subjectdepression
dc.subjectpain
dc.subjectquality of life
dc.subjectDISABILITIES
dc.subjectVALIDATION
dc.subjectCHECKLIST
dc.titlePain evaluation in a sample of Turkish children with cerebral palsy and its association with dependency level, verbal abilities, and the quality of life of patients and sociodemographic status, depression, and quality of life of their caregivers
dc.typearticle
dspace.entity.typePublication
local.avesis.id50072764-3f80-4ed1-81c7-8691232c1b55
local.import.packageSS39
local.indexed.atWOS
local.journal.numberofpages8
local.journal.quartileQ4
oaire.citation.endPage229
oaire.citation.issue3
oaire.citation.startPage222
oaire.citation.titleTURKISH JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
oaire.citation.volume64
relation.isAuthorOfPublication5ac4517a-f739-4f83-b6fc-a6f81630bca8
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscovery5ac4517a-f739-4f83-b6fc-a6f81630bca8

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