Publication: Paediatric and adult congenital cardiology education and training in Europe
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Date
2022-03-01
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Abstract
Background: Limited data exist on training of European paediatric and adult congenital cardiologists. Methods: A structured and approved questionnaire was circulated to national delegates of Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology in 33 European countries. Results: Delegates from 30 countries (91%) responded. Paediatric cardiology was not recognised as a distinct speciality by the respective ministry of Health in seven countries (23%). Twenty countries (67%) have formally accredited paediatric cardiology training programmes, seven (23%) have substantial informal (not accredited or certified) training, and three (10%) have very limited or no programme. Twenty-two countries have a curriculum. Twelve countries have a national training director. There was one paediatric cardiology centre per 2.66 million population (range 0.87-9.64 million), one cardiac surgical centre per 4.73 million population (range 1.63-10.72 million), and one training centre per 4.29 million population (range 1.63-10.72 million population). The median number of paediatric cardiology fellows per training programme was 4 (range 1-17), and duration of training was 3 years (range 2-5 years). An exit examination in paediatric cardiology was conducted in 16 countries (53%) and certification provided by 20 countries (67%). Paediatric cardiologist number is affected by gross domestic product (R-2 = 0.41). Conclusion: Training varies markedly across European countries. Although formal fellowship programmes exist in many countries, several countries have informal training or no training. Only a minority of countries provide both exit examination and certification. Harmonisation of training and standardisation of exit examination and certification could reduce variation in training thereby promoting high-quality care by European congenital cardiologists.
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Tıp, Sağlık Bilimleri, Dahili Tıp Bilimleri, Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları, Kardiyoloji, Medicine, Health Sciences, Internal Medicine Sciences, Child Health and Diseases, Cardiovascular, KALP VE KALP DAMAR SİSTEMLERİ, Klinik Tıp, Klinik Tıp (MED), PEDİATRİ, CARDIAC & CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS, CLINICAL MEDICINE, Clinical Medicine (MED), PEDIATRICS, Pediatrics, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Adult CHD, congenital cardiology, education, paediatric cardiology, training, certification, CARDIOVASCULAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE, HEART-DISEASE, WORKING GROUP, FELLOWSHIP, RECOMMENDATIONS, ASSOCIATION, CARE, CHILDREN, TRAINEES, SOCIETY, Adult CHD, congenital cardiology, education, paediatric cardiology, training, certification
Citation
McMahon C. J., Heying R., Budts W., Cavigelli-Brunner A., Shkolnikova M., Michel-Behnke I., Kozlik-Feldmann R., Wahlander H., DeWolf D., Difilippo S., et al., "Paediatric and adult congenital cardiology education and training in Europe", CARDIOLOGY IN THE YOUNG, 2022