Publication: Özelleştirme olgusu ve Türkiye’nin özelleştirme deneyimi üzerine bir değerlendirme
Abstract
İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonrası süreçte ulusal ekonomilere yönelik devlet müdahalesi olgusu, sınai gelişme ve ekonomik büyümeyi teşvik etmenin en temel yollarından birisi olarak görülmekteydi. Ancak 1970’li yıllardaki ekonomik krizin etkisiyle Keynesyen ekonomi politikaları tüm dünyada etkinliğini kaybetti. Bu dönemde kamu sektörünün ve devlet müdahalesinin rolü ve önemi sistematik olarak sorgulanmaya başlandı. Özelleştirme tartışmaları ilk kez İngiltere ve Fransa gibi sanayileşmiş ülkelerde başlamıştır. Bu olgu daha sonra özellikle yüksek borçlu gelişmekte olan ülkelere de aktarılmıştır. Türkiye gibi birçok gelişmekte olan ülkede IMF ve Dünya Bankası’nın yapısal uyum programları özelleştirme faaliyetlerini daha da hızlandır-mıştır. Türkiye’de de IMF güdümlü 24 Ocak 1980 Ekonomik İstikrar Programından sonra özelleştirme programları ilan edilmiş ve günümüze kadar özelleştirme uygu-lamaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Özelleştirme İdaresince hazırla-nan özelleştirme programının temel amaç ve hedefleri doğrultusunda Türkiye’deki özelleştirme uygulamalarının sonuçlarını değerlendirmektir.
After the Second World War, the state intervention through the national economies was seen as the main elements for the promotion of economic growth and industrial development. After the economic crises in the 1970s, Keynesian economic policies have been fallen in world wide. The functions and roles of the public sector and state intervention began to be systematically questioned in this period. Privatization debates firstly began in the industrialized economies such as Britain and France. After that, this phenomenon transferred to developing countries especially have high external debt. Structural adjustment programs of IMF and World Bank accelerated the privatization activities in developing countries such as Turkey. After the Economic Stability Programme guided by IMF (24 January 1980), the privatization program in Turkey was initiated in the mid-1980s. Then, Turkish governments have been continued the privatization activities insistently. The aim of this paper is to analyze the outputs of the Turkish privatization experience in the light of the major targets of the privatization program, which was prepared by the Prime Ministry Privatization Administration.
After the Second World War, the state intervention through the national economies was seen as the main elements for the promotion of economic growth and industrial development. After the economic crises in the 1970s, Keynesian economic policies have been fallen in world wide. The functions and roles of the public sector and state intervention began to be systematically questioned in this period. Privatization debates firstly began in the industrialized economies such as Britain and France. After that, this phenomenon transferred to developing countries especially have high external debt. Structural adjustment programs of IMF and World Bank accelerated the privatization activities in developing countries such as Turkey. After the Economic Stability Programme guided by IMF (24 January 1980), the privatization program in Turkey was initiated in the mid-1980s. Then, Turkish governments have been continued the privatization activities insistently. The aim of this paper is to analyze the outputs of the Turkish privatization experience in the light of the major targets of the privatization program, which was prepared by the Prime Ministry Privatization Administration.