Publication: Esmâ-i Hüsna içerikli psiko-eğitim modelinin bireylerin tanrı tasavvuru, dini başa çıkma düzeyi ve psikolojik sağlıklarına etkisi
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2024
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Bu araştırmanın amacı, Esmâ-i Hüsnâ ile yapılandırılmış manevi destek modeli geliştirmek ve modelin Tanrı tasavvuru, dini başa çıkma ve psikolojik sağlık düzeylerine etkisini incelemektir. Araştırmada karma araştırma yöntemlerinden çok aşamalı desen kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın ilk aşamasında modelde yer alacak isimler nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman analizi kullanılarak tespit edilmiş ve Esma-i Hüsna ile Manevi Destek Modeli: ESMADEM geliştirilmiştir. İkinci aşamada, modelin etkisi deney ve kontrol gruplu ön test-son test ve izleme testi ile nicel olarak test edilmiştir. Üçüncü aşamada, oturum değerlendirme formları ve odak görüşmeleriyle modelin etkisi nitel olarak incelenmiştir. Araştırmada nicel aşamanın verileri Tanrı Tasavvuru Ölçeği, Dini Başa Çıkma Ölçeği, Depresyon-Anksiyete-Stres (DASÖ-21) Ölçeği, Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği, PERMA Ölçeği, kişisel bilgi formu ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu aracılığıyla toplanmış, veriler Friedman Testi, Mann-Whitney U Testi ve Wilcoxon İşaretli Sıralar Testi ile analiz edilmiştir. Nitel veriler, Maxqda 2020 programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın birinci aşamasının bulguları, Esmâ-i Hüsnâ’nın dua ve pozitif-negatif deneyimlerde kullanıldığını ve katılımcıların belirli isimleri daha sık tekrarladığını göstermiştir. Bu veriler ESMADEM’in geliştirilmesine kaynaklık etmiştir. İkinci aşama bulgularına göre, ESMADEM, deney grubu içinde Tanrı tasavvuru, olumlu dini başa çıkma, iyi oluş ve umutsuzluk düzeylerinde pozitif gelişime katkı sağlamış, olumsuz dini başa çıkma düzeylerinde ise anlamlı bir azalmaya sebep olmamıştır. Benzer nitelikteki kontrol grubuyla karşılaştırıldığında ise psikolojik sağlığı olumsuz etkileyen depresyon, anksiyete ve stres düzeylerinde daha olumlu sonuçlar göstermiştir. Üçüncü aşama bulgularına göre katılımcılar en çok Şekûr ve Zü’l-Celâli ve’l-İkrâm, isimlerinden faydalandıklarını ifade etmişlerdir. Farkındalık gelişimi, manevi gelişim ve yaşam becerilerine olumlu katkı sağlaması modelin etkisini açıklamak için en sık tekrar edilen temalar içinde yer almıştır.
------------------The purpose of this study is to develop a spiritual support model structured with ‘al-Asma’ al-Husna’ and to examine the effect of the model on the concept of God, religious coping and psychological health. In the study, a multi-stage design from mixed research methods was employed. In the first stage of the research, the names (of Allah) to be included in the model were determined by using document analysis from qualitative research methods and Spiritual Support Model with al-Asma’ al-Husna: ASSUM (Esmâ-i Hüsnâ Manevi Destek Modeli: ESMADEM) was developed. In the second stage, the effect of the model was tested quantitatively by pretest-posttest and follow-up test with experimental and control groups. In the third stage, the effect of the model was analysed qualitatively with session evaluation forms and focus interviews. The data of the quantitative phase of the study were collected through the Concept of God Scale, Religious Coping Scale, Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale (DASS-21) Scale, Beck Hopelessness Scale, PERMA-Profiler, personal information form and semi-structured interview form, and the collected data were analysed with Friedman Test, Mann-Whitney U Test and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Qualitative data were analysed with Maxqda 2020 software. The findings of the first phase of the study showed that al-Asma’ al-Husna was used in prayer and positive-negative experiences and that participants repeated certain names more frequently. These data served as a foundation for the development of ASSUM. According to the findings of the second phase, ASSUM contributed to positive development in the levels of the concept of God, positive religious coping, well-being and hopelessness in the experimental group, but did not cause a significant decrease in the levels of negative religious coping. Compared to the control group of similar quality, it showed more positive results in depression, anxiety and stress levels that negatively affect psychological health. According to the findings of the third stage, the participants stated that they benefited most from the names Shakur and Dhul Jalali wal Ikram. Awareness (regarding one’s self and environment) development, spiritual development and positive contribution to life skills were among the most frequently repeated themes to explain the impact of the model.
------------------The purpose of this study is to develop a spiritual support model structured with ‘al-Asma’ al-Husna’ and to examine the effect of the model on the concept of God, religious coping and psychological health. In the study, a multi-stage design from mixed research methods was employed. In the first stage of the research, the names (of Allah) to be included in the model were determined by using document analysis from qualitative research methods and Spiritual Support Model with al-Asma’ al-Husna: ASSUM (Esmâ-i Hüsnâ Manevi Destek Modeli: ESMADEM) was developed. In the second stage, the effect of the model was tested quantitatively by pretest-posttest and follow-up test with experimental and control groups. In the third stage, the effect of the model was analysed qualitatively with session evaluation forms and focus interviews. The data of the quantitative phase of the study were collected through the Concept of God Scale, Religious Coping Scale, Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale (DASS-21) Scale, Beck Hopelessness Scale, PERMA-Profiler, personal information form and semi-structured interview form, and the collected data were analysed with Friedman Test, Mann-Whitney U Test and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Qualitative data were analysed with Maxqda 2020 software. The findings of the first phase of the study showed that al-Asma’ al-Husna was used in prayer and positive-negative experiences and that participants repeated certain names more frequently. These data served as a foundation for the development of ASSUM. According to the findings of the second phase, ASSUM contributed to positive development in the levels of the concept of God, positive religious coping, well-being and hopelessness in the experimental group, but did not cause a significant decrease in the levels of negative religious coping. Compared to the control group of similar quality, it showed more positive results in depression, anxiety and stress levels that negatively affect psychological health. According to the findings of the third stage, the participants stated that they benefited most from the names Shakur and Dhul Jalali wal Ikram. Awareness (regarding one’s self and environment) development, spiritual development and positive contribution to life skills were among the most frequently repeated themes to explain the impact of the model.
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Keywords
Esmâ-i Hüsnâ, Tanrı Tasavvuru, Dini Başa Çıkma, Psikolojik Sağlık, Depresyon, Anksiyete, Stres
Al-Asma’ al-Husna, God Conception, Religious Coping, Psychological Health, Depression, Anxiety, Stress