Publication: Türk bankacılık sektöründe sigorta iş ortaklığının finansal performansa etkisinin çok kirterli karar verme yöntemleri ile analizi
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Bankalar değişen hizmet ve pazarlama anlayışının yanı sıra her geçen
gün daha çok gelişen ve çeşitlenen ürün ve hizmetlerle müşterilerine farklı
deneyimler kazandırmaktadır. Özellikle son yıllarda bankaların sigorta
şirketlerinin acentesi şeklinde çalışarak bankasürans işlemlerine aracılık etmesi
ve hatta çeşitli sigorta şirketleriyle ortaklık anlaşması yaparak daha geniş
bir müşteri portföyüne ulaştığı görülmektedir. Bu dinamik süreç bankaların
müşterilerinin beklenti ve isteklerine hızlı cevap vermesine ve memnuniyet
düzeyinin artmasına neden olduğundan finansal performans üzerinde de
olumlu tesir gücüne sahiptir. Ancak bir başka açıdan düşünüldüğünde bu
dinamiklik bankaların maruz kaldığı riskleri de artırabilmekte ve dolayısıyla
finansal başarısızlıklara yola açabilmektedir. Bu nedenle literatürde sıklıkla
bankaların finansal performansları değerlendirilmekte ve finansal performansı
etkileyen faktörler tespit edilmeye çalışılmaktadır. Ancak yapılan literatür
araştırmasında sigorta iş ortaklığının banka performansına nasıl yansıdığını
ölçen bir çalışmanın bulunmadığı görülmüştür. Oysaki sigorta şirketiyle
ortaklığı olan bankalar hem yapılan sigorta işlemlerinden hem de sigorta
şirketinin finansal performansından pay alarak öz performansına katkı
sağlayabilecektir. Dolayısıyla sigorta şirketiyle ortaklık ilişkisi bulunan
bankaların finansal performans bakımından diğer bankalardan daha önde
olması muhtemel bir beklentidir. İşte bu nedenle çalışmanın temel araştırma
konusu sigortacılık ürünlerinin bankanın iş ortaklığı içinde bulunduğu bir
sigortacılık kurumu tarafından sunulması bankanın finansal performansı
üzerinde nasıl bir etki yarattığının çok kriterli karar verme yöntemi olan
Entropi ve TOPSIS yöntemleriyle tespit edilmesidir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda
herhangi bir sigorta şirketiyle ortaklığı olan ya da olmayan bankalar arasından
seçilen 8 bankanın (4’ü büyük ölçekli, 4’ü orta ölçekli) 7 ana kriter ve 35 alt
kriterden oluşan finansal rasyoları kullanılarak 2011-2020 yılları arasındaki
finansal performansları ölçülmüştür. Elde edilen bulgulara göre büyük ölçekli
bankalarda özellikle sigorta şirketi ile ortaklık ilişkisinin varlığı bankaların
finansal performanslarını olumlu yönde etkilemektedir.
In addition to the change in understanding in the provision of services and marketing, banks provide their customers with different experiences through ever-improved and diversified products and services. Especially in recent years, it is observed that banks have reached a wider customer portfolio by working as agents of insurance companies, mediating bancassurance transactions, and through partnership agreements with various insurance companies. This dynamic process also has a positive effect on financial performance since it causes banks to respond swiftly to the expectations and requests of their customers and increases the level of satisfaction. When considered from another point of view, however, this dynamic behavior can also increase the risks that banks are exposed to, leading to financial failures. Therefore, the financial performance of banks is often evaluated in the literature and the factors affecting financial performance are determined. However, in the literature review, there was no study measuring the reflections of insurance business partnerships on bank performance. Yet, banks that have a partnership with an insurance company will be able to contribute to their own performance by taking a share of both the insurance transactions made and the financial performance of the insurance company. Therefore, it is a likely expectation that the banks having a partnership relationship with an insurance company will be ahead of other banks in terms of financial performance. Thus, the main research topic of this study is the determination of the effect of the provision of insurance products by an insurance institution, acting as a joint venture of the bank, on the financial performance of the bank, using ENTROPY and TOPSIS methods, which are multi-criteria decision making methods. For this purpose, financial performances of 8 banks (4 large-scale, 4 medium-scale), selected among the banks with or without a partnership with any insurance company, were measured using financial ratios, consisting of 7 main criteria and 35 sub-criteria, between 2011 and 2020. According to the results obtained, the existence of a partnership relationship with an insurance company, especially in large-scale banks, positively affects their financial performance.
In addition to the change in understanding in the provision of services and marketing, banks provide their customers with different experiences through ever-improved and diversified products and services. Especially in recent years, it is observed that banks have reached a wider customer portfolio by working as agents of insurance companies, mediating bancassurance transactions, and through partnership agreements with various insurance companies. This dynamic process also has a positive effect on financial performance since it causes banks to respond swiftly to the expectations and requests of their customers and increases the level of satisfaction. When considered from another point of view, however, this dynamic behavior can also increase the risks that banks are exposed to, leading to financial failures. Therefore, the financial performance of banks is often evaluated in the literature and the factors affecting financial performance are determined. However, in the literature review, there was no study measuring the reflections of insurance business partnerships on bank performance. Yet, banks that have a partnership with an insurance company will be able to contribute to their own performance by taking a share of both the insurance transactions made and the financial performance of the insurance company. Therefore, it is a likely expectation that the banks having a partnership relationship with an insurance company will be ahead of other banks in terms of financial performance. Thus, the main research topic of this study is the determination of the effect of the provision of insurance products by an insurance institution, acting as a joint venture of the bank, on the financial performance of the bank, using ENTROPY and TOPSIS methods, which are multi-criteria decision making methods. For this purpose, financial performances of 8 banks (4 large-scale, 4 medium-scale), selected among the banks with or without a partnership with any insurance company, were measured using financial ratios, consisting of 7 main criteria and 35 sub-criteria, between 2011 and 2020. According to the results obtained, the existence of a partnership relationship with an insurance company, especially in large-scale banks, positively affects their financial performance.
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Citation
DAĞIDIR ÇAKAN C., YILDIZ M., ÖZDEMİR ALTINIŞIK E., "Türk Bankacılık Sektöründe Sigorta İş Ortaklığının Finansal Performansa Etkisinin Çok Kirterli Karar Verme Yöntemleri İle Analizi", Mali Çözüm, cilt.32, sa.170, ss.149-183, 2022
