Publication: Termoplastik dokuma prepreg geliştirilmesi ve özelliklerinin incelenmesi
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Date
2024
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Dünyada ve ülkemizde tekstil takviyeli polimer matrisli kompozit malzemelerin kullanımı yaygınlaşmaktadır. Tekstil takviyeli polimer matrisli kompozit yapılarda tekstil lifleri ve polimer malzeme kullanılmaktadır. Takviye edilen lifin mukavemet sağlaması için matrisin lifi çevrelemesi gerekir. Bu duruma ıslanma denir. Matris ve lif arasında ıslatma için bir sınır bulunmaktadır. Bu sınıra kadar lif oranı arttıkça mukavemet artar. Lifler; tek yönlü, dokuma, açılı (kolon) dokuma, dokunmamış yüzey geometrilerinde oluşturulmaktadır. Dokuma kumaşlarda liflerin matris tarafından ıslanması bağlantılar sebebiyle zor olmaktadır. Kullanılan lifler kompozit yapıda yönlenmenin belirlenmesini sağlamaktadır. Kompozit malzemelerde yönlenme yapının mekanik ve fiziksel özelliklerini doğrudan etkilemektedir. Takviye etkisi yüksek olan dokuma kumaşlar yönlenmiş durumdadır. Lifler; düşük yoğunluk, yüksek elastisite modülü, sertliğe ve yüksek kimyasal korozyon direncine sahiptir. Kompozit yapılarda matris bileşeni sürekli yapı karakterine sahiptir. Matris fazı kompozit yapının takviye bileşeninin bütünlüğünü koruyarak son şeklini almasını sağlamaktadır. Matris, kompozit yapıda sünek ve sertliği daha az olan bileşendir. Kompozit malzemelerde matris bileşeni yapıya maruz bırakılan yükün takviye bileşenine, takviye bileşenleri arası aktarımı ve homojen dağılım imkânı sunar. Matris bileşeni, takviye bileşeninden daha düşük mukavemet değerlerine sahiptir.Tez çalışmasında tasarım kolaylığı, yüksek rijitlik, yüksek mukavemet, korozyon direnci v.b. özelliklerinden dolayı takviye olarak cam elyaf kullanılmıştır. Matris malzeme olarak tekrar şekil verilebilirlik, tamir edilebilirlik ve yüksek kırılma tokluğu sebebiyle termoplastik matris kullanılmıştır.Geleneksel dokuma prepreglerde yaşanan reçine birikmesi ve impregrasyon sorunlarına çözüm oluşturmak için slit tape UD prepreglerden termoplastik dokuma prepregler geliştirilmiştir. Eş yönlü/sürekli(UD) prepreglerler dokuma işlemine uygun genişliklerde dilme işlemi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kompozit prepreg dokuma sistemine uygun dokuma makinasında 16 mm ve 20 mm bant genişlikleri, 2/2 dimi ve 4/1 saten desenlerde kumaş üretimi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bant genişliklerine uygun dokuma makinasında cağlık, çözgü levendi, gücü teli, tarak ve atkı atma mekanizmasında revizyon yapılmıştır. Referans olarak dokuma prepreglerin geleneksel üretim yöntemi olan tekstil dokuma kumaş bazlı prepreg (organosheet) üretim yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu kapsamda takviye malzeme olarak ticari dokuma kumaş, matris malzeme olarak polimer film alınıp laminasyon hattında film kaplama prosesi ile prepreg üretimi yapılmıştır. Tekstil bazlı geleneksel dokuma prepregler ve şerit prepregden dokunmuş prepreglere çekme, eğme, darbe ve tabakalar arası kayma testler uygulanarak performans karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre 20 mm bant genişliğinde saten dokumaların performansının daha iyi olduğu istatistiksel analizlere göre tespit edilmiştir.
The use of textile-reinforced polymer matrix composite materials is becoming widespread in the world and our country. Textile fibers and polymer materials are used in textile-reinforced polymer matrix composite structures. For the reinforced fiber to provide strength, the matrix must surround the fiber. This condition is called wetting. There is a boundary for wetting between the matrix and the fiber. Up to this limit, the strength increases as the fiber ratio increases. Fibers can be formed in unidirectional, woven, woven at different angles, continuous fiber, and nonwoven surface geometries. Wetting the fibers by the matrix in woven fabrics is difficult due to the connections. The fibers are used to determine the orientation of the composite structure. Orientation in composite materials directly affects the mechanical and physical properties of the structure. Woven fabrics with a high reinforcing effect are oriented. Fibers have low density, high modulus of elasticity, hardness, and high chemical corrosion resistance. In composite structures, the matrix component has the character of a continuous structure. The matrix phase ensures that the composite structure takes its final shape by preserving the integrity of the reinforcement component. It is a ductile and less rigid component in a matrix composite structure. In composite materials, the matrix component provides the transfer and homogeneous distribution of the load exposed to the structure to the reinforcement component, between the reinforcement components. The matrix component has lower strength values than the reinforcement component. In the thesis study, ease of design, high rigidity, high strength, corrosion resistance, etc. Due to its properties, glass fiber will be used as reinforcement. Thermoplastic matrices will be used as matrix material due to their re-formability, repairability, and high fracture toughness. It is aimed to develop thermoplastic woven prepregs from slit tape UD prepregs to solve the resin accumulation and impregnation problems experienced in traditional woven prepregs. Slitting will be carried out in widths suitable for the weaving process of co-directional/continuous (UD) prepregs. The fabric was produced in 16 mm and 20 mm band widths, 2/2 twill, and 4/1 satin patterns on the weaving machine suitable for the composite prepreg weaving system. The creeper, warp beam, strength wire, reed, and weft insertion mechanism will be designed in the weaving machine suitable for the belt widths. Textile woven fabric-based prepreg (organosheet) production method, the traditional production method of woven prepregs, will be used as a reference. In this context, commercially woven fabric as reinforcement material and polymer film as matrix material will be taken and prepreg produced by film coating process in the lamination line. Performance comparisons were made between textile-based traditional woven prepregs and strip prepreg-woven prepregs by applying tensile, bending, impact, and interlayer shear tests. According to the results obtained, it was determined according to statistical analysis that the performance of satin weaves with a bandwidth of 20 mm was better.
The use of textile-reinforced polymer matrix composite materials is becoming widespread in the world and our country. Textile fibers and polymer materials are used in textile-reinforced polymer matrix composite structures. For the reinforced fiber to provide strength, the matrix must surround the fiber. This condition is called wetting. There is a boundary for wetting between the matrix and the fiber. Up to this limit, the strength increases as the fiber ratio increases. Fibers can be formed in unidirectional, woven, woven at different angles, continuous fiber, and nonwoven surface geometries. Wetting the fibers by the matrix in woven fabrics is difficult due to the connections. The fibers are used to determine the orientation of the composite structure. Orientation in composite materials directly affects the mechanical and physical properties of the structure. Woven fabrics with a high reinforcing effect are oriented. Fibers have low density, high modulus of elasticity, hardness, and high chemical corrosion resistance. In composite structures, the matrix component has the character of a continuous structure. The matrix phase ensures that the composite structure takes its final shape by preserving the integrity of the reinforcement component. It is a ductile and less rigid component in a matrix composite structure. In composite materials, the matrix component provides the transfer and homogeneous distribution of the load exposed to the structure to the reinforcement component, between the reinforcement components. The matrix component has lower strength values than the reinforcement component. In the thesis study, ease of design, high rigidity, high strength, corrosion resistance, etc. Due to its properties, glass fiber will be used as reinforcement. Thermoplastic matrices will be used as matrix material due to their re-formability, repairability, and high fracture toughness. It is aimed to develop thermoplastic woven prepregs from slit tape UD prepregs to solve the resin accumulation and impregnation problems experienced in traditional woven prepregs. Slitting will be carried out in widths suitable for the weaving process of co-directional/continuous (UD) prepregs. The fabric was produced in 16 mm and 20 mm band widths, 2/2 twill, and 4/1 satin patterns on the weaving machine suitable for the composite prepreg weaving system. The creeper, warp beam, strength wire, reed, and weft insertion mechanism will be designed in the weaving machine suitable for the belt widths. Textile woven fabric-based prepreg (organosheet) production method, the traditional production method of woven prepregs, will be used as a reference. In this context, commercially woven fabric as reinforcement material and polymer film as matrix material will be taken and prepreg produced by film coating process in the lamination line. Performance comparisons were made between textile-based traditional woven prepregs and strip prepreg-woven prepregs by applying tensile, bending, impact, and interlayer shear tests. According to the results obtained, it was determined according to statistical analysis that the performance of satin weaves with a bandwidth of 20 mm was better.
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Keywords
Kompozit, Termoplastik Polimer, Prepreg, Şerit Dilme, Cam Elyaf Composite, thermoplastic polymers, prepreg, slit tape, glass fiber