Publication: Farklılaştırılmış öğretimin kütle ve ağırlık kavram yanılgılarının giderilmesine ve akademik başarıya etkisi
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Bu çalışmada farklılaştırılmış öğretimin fen eğitiminde öğrencilerin kavram yanılgılarının
giderilmesine ve öğrencilerin akademik başarılarına etkisini incelemek amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışma
2021-2022 eğitim-öğretim yılında İstanbul İl’inde bir devlet ortaokulunda bulunan yedinci sınıf
öğrencileri ile yürütülmüştür. Öğrencilerin sahip olduğu kavram yanılgıları açık uçlu sorular ve
görüşmelerle, akademik başarıları çoktan seçmeli sorular ile tespit edilmiştir. Deneysel desenin
kullanıldığı bu araştırmada, ilk deney grubunda/Deney-1 içerik ve süreç farklılaştırılırken, ikinci
deney grubunda/Deney-2 ise içerik ve süreç farklılaştırılmasına ek olarak ürün farklılaştırması
yapılmıştır, kontrol grubunda ise müfredatta yer alan öğretim şekli ile ders işlenmiştir. ‘‘Kütle
ve Ağırlık İlişkisi’’ konusunda, kütle ve ağırlık kavramları ile bu nicelikleri ölçme aletleri olan eşit
kollu terazi ve dinamometre kavramlarının ve bu niceliklerin birimleri olan kilogram ve Newton
kavramlarının sıklıkla birbirine karıştırıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Farklılaştırılmış öğretim sonrasında
kontrol ve deney gruplarında kavram yanılgılarında düşüş tespit edilirken en fazla düşüş deney 2
grubunda tespit edilmiştir. Farklılaştırılmış öğretimin kavram yanılgılarının düzeltilmesinde olumlu
etkisini olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Farklılaştırılmış öğretimin öğrencilerin akademik başarılarını da
arttırdığı tespit edilmiştir. Fen eğitiminde farklılaştırılmış öğretim ile öğrenciler arası geçmişten gelen
akademik başarı farkları azaltılabilir ve öğrenmeleri önünde yer alan zorluklar kaldırılabilir. İlgi ve yeteneklerine göre bazen homojen bazen de heterojen gruplar oluşturularak işlenecek farklılaştırılmış
ders içeriklerinin fen eğitimindeki etkisinin detaylı incelenmesi literatüre katkı sağlayabilir.
In this study, it is aimed to examine the effect of differentiated instruction in eliminating students’ misconceptions in science education. The study was carried out with seventh grade students in a public secondary school in Istanbul in the 2021-2022 academic year. The misconceptions of the students were determined with open-ended questions and interviews, and their academic success was determined with multiple-choice questions. In this study, in which the experimental design was used, the content and process were differentiated in the first experimental group/Experiment-1, while the product differentiation was made in addition to the content and process differentiation in the second experimental group/Experiment-2.In the subject of “Mass and Weight Relationship”, it has been determined that the concepts of mass and weight, equal-arm scales and dynamometers, which are measuring instruments for these quantities, and the concepts of kilogram and Newton, which are the units of these quantities, are frequently confused. While a decrease in misconceptions was detected in the control and experimental groups after differentiated instruction, the highest decrease was detected in the experimental 2 group. It has been determined that differentiated instruction has a positive effect on correcting misconceptions and also increases the academic achievement of students. With differentiated instruction in science education, the academic achievement differences between students from the past can be reduced and the difficulties in their learning can be eliminated. A detailed examination of the effect of differentiated course contents to be taught by consisting homogeneous and sometimes heterogeneous groups according to their interests and abilities in science education can contribute to the literature.
In this study, it is aimed to examine the effect of differentiated instruction in eliminating students’ misconceptions in science education. The study was carried out with seventh grade students in a public secondary school in Istanbul in the 2021-2022 academic year. The misconceptions of the students were determined with open-ended questions and interviews, and their academic success was determined with multiple-choice questions. In this study, in which the experimental design was used, the content and process were differentiated in the first experimental group/Experiment-1, while the product differentiation was made in addition to the content and process differentiation in the second experimental group/Experiment-2.In the subject of “Mass and Weight Relationship”, it has been determined that the concepts of mass and weight, equal-arm scales and dynamometers, which are measuring instruments for these quantities, and the concepts of kilogram and Newton, which are the units of these quantities, are frequently confused. While a decrease in misconceptions was detected in the control and experimental groups after differentiated instruction, the highest decrease was detected in the experimental 2 group. It has been determined that differentiated instruction has a positive effect on correcting misconceptions and also increases the academic achievement of students. With differentiated instruction in science education, the academic achievement differences between students from the past can be reduced and the difficulties in their learning can be eliminated. A detailed examination of the effect of differentiated course contents to be taught by consisting homogeneous and sometimes heterogeneous groups according to their interests and abilities in science education can contribute to the literature.
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ÇALGICI G., DURU M. K., "Farklılaştırılmış Öğretimle Kütle ve Ağırlık Kavram Yanılgılarının Giderilmesine Yönelik Bir Çalışma", Marmara Üniversitesi Atatürk Eğitim Fakültesi Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, cilt.57, sa.57, 2023
