Publication: Hypericum cardiophyllum bitkisinin biyolojik aktivitelerinin incelenmesi, fitokimyasal bileşiklerinin analizi ve nanopartikül formülasyonlarının hazırlanması
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Date
2024
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Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Hypericum cardiophyllum bitkisinden elde edilen farklı ekstrelerin in vitro antioksidan, anti-kolinesteraz ve anti-üreaz aktivitelerinin incelemesi, en güçlü biyoaktif ekstrenin tespit edilmesi ve bu ekstreden nanopartikül formlarının hazırlanması, ham ekstre ve ekstre yüklü nanopartikülün biyolojik aktivitelerinin karşılaştırılması ve daha sonra fitokimyasal içeriklerinin HPLC-DAD ile analiz edilmesidir.Gereç ve Yöntem: Farklı ekstrelerin ve ekstre yüklü nanopartiküllerin antioksidan aktiviteleri DPPH, FRAP ve CUPRAC yöntemleri ile tayin edildi. Ekstrelerin ve ekstre yüklü nanopartiküllerin anti-kolinesteraz ve anti-üreaz aktiviteler sırasıyla Ellman ve indofenol yöntemleri kullanılarak incelendi. Bitkiden elde edilen ham ekstrelerin ve nanopartikülün içerdiği fenolik bileşiklerin miktarı FCR yöntemiyle tespit edildi. Biyoaktif ekstreden yeşil kimya prensibine uygun olarak aljinatın sulu ortamda kullanımı ve ortam basıncında kurutulması ile nanopartiküller hazırlandı. Biyoaktif ekstrenin ve ekstre yüklü nanopartikülün fitokimyasal içeriği HPLC-DAD ile analiz edildi. Bulgular: Bitkiden elde edilen metanol ekstresi diğer ekstrelere kıyasla en güçlü antioksidan aktivite (DPPH, FRAP, CUPRAC), asetilkolinesteraz ve üreaz enzim inhibisyon potansiyeline sahip olduğu belirlendi. Metanol ekstresinin en yüksek miktarda fenolik bileşik içerdiği tayin edildi. Metanol ekstresi ve bu ekstreden hazırlanan nanopartikülün biyolojik aktiviteleri karşılaştırıldığında, ham metanol ekstresinin nanopartikül formundan daha güçlü antioksidan, fenolik madde içeriği ve anti-üreaz aktivite sergilediği saptandı. Metanol yüklü nanopartikülün ham ekstreden daha güçlü antikolinesteraz aktivite gösterdiği gözlemlendi. Bitkiden elde edilen metanol ekstresinin klorojenik asit (6,312 µg/mg ekstre) rutin (31,271 µg/mg ekstre) ve 8-OH salvigenin (14,370 µg/mg ekstre) bileşiklerini içerdiği HPLC-DAD ile kantitatif olarak analiz edildi. Metanol ekstre yüklü nanopartikülün benzer şekilde klorojenik asit (3,598 µg/mg ekstre), rutin (10,446 µg/mg ekstre) ve 8-OH salvigenin (5,467 µg/mg ekstre) bileşiklerini içerdiği belirlendi.Sonuç: Metanol ekstre yüklü nanopartikül formunun önemli oranda aktivite göstermesi bu formların gelecekte antioksidan, anti-kolinesteraz ve anti-üreaz ajan olarak kullanılabileceğini düşündürmüştür.
Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the in vitro antioxidant, anti-cholinesterase and anti-urease activities of different extracts from the Hypericum cardiophyllum, to identify the most potent bioactive extract and to prepare nanoparticle forms from this extract, to compare the biological activities of the crude extract and the extract-loaded nanoparticle and then to analyzed the phytochemical compounds in extracts and extract-loaded nanoparticle with HPLC-DAD.Materials and Methods: Antioxidant activities of different extracts and extract-loaded nanoparticles were determined by DPPH, FRAP and CUPRAC methods. Anti-cholinesterase and anti-urease activities of extracts and extract-loaded nanoparticles were examined using Ellman and indophenol methods, respectively. The amount of phenolic compounds contained in the crude extracts from the plant and the nanoparticle was determined by the FCR method. Nanoparticles were prepared from the bioactive extract in accordance with the principle of green chemistry by using alginate in aqueous medium and drying it at ambient pressure. The phytochemical content of the bioactive extract and extract-loaded nanoparticle was analyzed by HPLC-DAD.Results: It was determined that the methanol extract from the plant had the strongest antioxidant activity, acetylcholinesterase and urease enzyme inhibition potential compared to other extracts. It was determined that methanol extract contained the highest amount of phenolic compounds. When the biological activities of methanol extract and the nanoparticle prepared from this extract were compared, it was determined that the crude methanol extract exhibited stronger antioxidant, phenolic content and anti-urease activity than the nanoparticle form. It was observed that the methanol-loaded nanoparticle showed stronger anticholinesterase activity than the crude extract. It was quantitatively analyzed by HPLC-DAD that the methanol extract contained the chlorogenic acid (6,312 µg/mg extract), rutine (31,271 µg/mg extract) and 8-OH salvigenin (14,370 µg/mg extract) compounds. It was determined that the methanol extract-loaded nanoparticle similarly contained chlorogenic acid (3,598 µg/mg extract), rutine (10,446 µg/mg extract) and 8-OH salvigenin (5,467 µg/mg extract) compounds.Conclusion: The significant activity of the methanol extract-loaded nanoparticle form suggests that these forms can be used as antioxidant, anti-cholinesterase and anti-urease agents in the future.
Objective: The aim of this study is to examine the in vitro antioxidant, anti-cholinesterase and anti-urease activities of different extracts from the Hypericum cardiophyllum, to identify the most potent bioactive extract and to prepare nanoparticle forms from this extract, to compare the biological activities of the crude extract and the extract-loaded nanoparticle and then to analyzed the phytochemical compounds in extracts and extract-loaded nanoparticle with HPLC-DAD.Materials and Methods: Antioxidant activities of different extracts and extract-loaded nanoparticles were determined by DPPH, FRAP and CUPRAC methods. Anti-cholinesterase and anti-urease activities of extracts and extract-loaded nanoparticles were examined using Ellman and indophenol methods, respectively. The amount of phenolic compounds contained in the crude extracts from the plant and the nanoparticle was determined by the FCR method. Nanoparticles were prepared from the bioactive extract in accordance with the principle of green chemistry by using alginate in aqueous medium and drying it at ambient pressure. The phytochemical content of the bioactive extract and extract-loaded nanoparticle was analyzed by HPLC-DAD.Results: It was determined that the methanol extract from the plant had the strongest antioxidant activity, acetylcholinesterase and urease enzyme inhibition potential compared to other extracts. It was determined that methanol extract contained the highest amount of phenolic compounds. When the biological activities of methanol extract and the nanoparticle prepared from this extract were compared, it was determined that the crude methanol extract exhibited stronger antioxidant, phenolic content and anti-urease activity than the nanoparticle form. It was observed that the methanol-loaded nanoparticle showed stronger anticholinesterase activity than the crude extract. It was quantitatively analyzed by HPLC-DAD that the methanol extract contained the chlorogenic acid (6,312 µg/mg extract), rutine (31,271 µg/mg extract) and 8-OH salvigenin (14,370 µg/mg extract) compounds. It was determined that the methanol extract-loaded nanoparticle similarly contained chlorogenic acid (3,598 µg/mg extract), rutine (10,446 µg/mg extract) and 8-OH salvigenin (5,467 µg/mg extract) compounds.Conclusion: The significant activity of the methanol extract-loaded nanoparticle form suggests that these forms can be used as antioxidant, anti-cholinesterase and anti-urease agents in the future.
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Hypericum cardiophyllum, HPLC-DAD, nanopartikül, biyolojik aktivite Hypericum cardiophyllum, HPLC-DAD, nanoparticle, biological activity