Publication: Fethiye şehir coğrafyası (CBS temelli mekânsal gelişim ve yerleşime uygunluk analizi)
Abstract
Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, Fethiye şehrinin mekânsal gelişimini coğrafi bakış açısıyla incelemek, mevcut yerleşim alanı ve bundan sonraki mekânsal gelişimi için yerleşime uygunluk analizi yapmak ve önerilerde bulunmaktır. Tez kapsamında Fethiye şehrinin kuruluş ve gelişiminde coğrafi faktörlerin etkisi zaman ve mekân ölçeğinde araştırılmıştır. Fethiye, Türkiye’nin güneybatısında Akdeniz Bölgesi’nin batısında yer alır. Şehir, idari bakımdan bağlı olduğu Muğla’nın yaklaşık 125 km güneydoğusunda bulunur.Fethiye İlk Çağ’dan günümüze kadar gelişerek varlığını sürdürmüştür. Fethiye Körfezi güneyinde Karınca Dağının kuzey eteğinde kurulan şehir zaman içerisinde mekânsal gelişimini sürdürmüş ve günümüzde yaklaşık 70 km²lik bir alana yayılmıştır. Şehir, batıda Fethiye Körfezi kıyılarından doğuda Fethiye Ovası içlerine doğru sahasını genişletmiştir. Fethiye 153 bin (2022) kişiyi aşan nüfusuyla birlikte bölgenin önemli şehirlerinden biri olup mekânsal olarak sürekli büyümektedir.Batıda Fethiye Körfezi, Fethiye Ovası ve şehrin yakın çevresindeki alçak tepelik ve dağlık alanlar ile buradan kaynaklarını alan akarsuların oluşturduğu dağ eteği ovaları ve birikinti yelpazeleri şehrin yer seçiminde ve gelişim yönünde etkili olan temel coğrafi unsurlardır. Ayrıca 1980’li yılların ortalarından itibaren artan turizm faaliyetleri ve buna bağlı hizmet sektörünün gelişmesi, kara ve deniz yolu ulaşımındaki gelişmeler ile zirai faaliyetlerin artışı, sağlık ve eğitim alanında yapılan yatırımlar bu gelişime eşlik etmiştir.Fethiye şehrinin sınırlarını tespit etmek için birçok coğrafi kriter esas alınmıştır. Bu bağlamda CBS teknikleri ile her kritere ait bağımsız haritalar oluşturulup analizler yapılmış ve elde edilen tüm sonuçlarla mevcut şehir sınırı belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada Fethiye şehrinin mekânsal gelişimine etki eden fiziki ve beşerî coğrafya özellikleri analiz edilmiştir. Bu kapsamda on iki coğrafi unsur Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi (AHP) yönteminde ağırlıklandırılarak değerlendirilmiş ve analiz gerçekleştirilmiş, daha sonra da bu sonuçlar CBS yöntemleri ile haritalandırılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda yerleşmeye uygun olan ve olmayan alanlar ortaya konmuştur. Yine çalışmada şehrin sorunları incelenmiş ve çözüm önerileri sunulmuştur.Çalışma kapsamında; uydu görüntüleri, drone görüntüleri, fotoğraflar, topografya haritaları, istatistiki veriler, imar planları, tarihi kayıtlar, literatür çalışmaları kullanılmış ve elde edilen tüm bu veriler arazi çalışmalarıyla desteklenmiştir.
The main aim of this study is to examine the spatial development of the city of Fethiye from a geographical perspective, conduct a suitability analysis for the current settlement area and future spatial development, and provide recommendations. Within the scope of the thesis, the impact of geographical factors on the establishment and development of the city of Fethiye has been investigated in terms of time and space.Fethiye is located in the southwest of Turkey, in the western part of the Mediterranean Region. The city is situated approximately 125 km southeast of Muğla, to which it is administratively connected.Fethiye has developed and sustained its existence from ancient times to the present. The city, established on the northern foothills of Mount Karınca to the south of Fethiye Bay, has continuously expanded spatially and now covers an area of approximately 70 km². The city has extended its area from the shores of Fethiye Bay in the west to the interior parts of the Fethiye Plain in the east. With a population exceeding 153,000 (2022), Fethiye is one of the important cities in the region and is continuously growing spatially.In the west, Fethiye Bay, the Fethiye Plain, and the nearby low hills and mountainous areas, along with the foothill plains and alluvial fans formed by streams originating from these areas, are the primary geographical factors influencing the city's location and direction of development. Additionally, since the mid-1980s, the increase in tourism activities and the consequent development of the service sector, advancements in road and sea transportation, the rise in agricultural activities, and investments in health and education have accompanied this development.Various geographical criteria have been considered to determine the boundaries of the city of Fethiye. In this context, independent maps for each criterion were created using GIS techniques, and analyses were conducted to determine the existing city limits. The study analyzed the physical and human geographic features that influence the spatial development of Fethiye. Within this scope, twelve geographical factors were assessed by weighting them using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, and analyses were conducted, followed by mapping these results using GIS methods. As a result of the analyses, areas suitable and unsuitable for settlement have been identified. Furthermore, the study examined the city's problems and presented solution proposals.In the scope of the study, satellite images, drone images, photographs, topographic maps, statistical data, zoning plans, historical records, and literature studies were used, and all these data were supported by fieldwork.
The main aim of this study is to examine the spatial development of the city of Fethiye from a geographical perspective, conduct a suitability analysis for the current settlement area and future spatial development, and provide recommendations. Within the scope of the thesis, the impact of geographical factors on the establishment and development of the city of Fethiye has been investigated in terms of time and space.Fethiye is located in the southwest of Turkey, in the western part of the Mediterranean Region. The city is situated approximately 125 km southeast of Muğla, to which it is administratively connected.Fethiye has developed and sustained its existence from ancient times to the present. The city, established on the northern foothills of Mount Karınca to the south of Fethiye Bay, has continuously expanded spatially and now covers an area of approximately 70 km². The city has extended its area from the shores of Fethiye Bay in the west to the interior parts of the Fethiye Plain in the east. With a population exceeding 153,000 (2022), Fethiye is one of the important cities in the region and is continuously growing spatially.In the west, Fethiye Bay, the Fethiye Plain, and the nearby low hills and mountainous areas, along with the foothill plains and alluvial fans formed by streams originating from these areas, are the primary geographical factors influencing the city's location and direction of development. Additionally, since the mid-1980s, the increase in tourism activities and the consequent development of the service sector, advancements in road and sea transportation, the rise in agricultural activities, and investments in health and education have accompanied this development.Various geographical criteria have been considered to determine the boundaries of the city of Fethiye. In this context, independent maps for each criterion were created using GIS techniques, and analyses were conducted to determine the existing city limits. The study analyzed the physical and human geographic features that influence the spatial development of Fethiye. Within this scope, twelve geographical factors were assessed by weighting them using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, and analyses were conducted, followed by mapping these results using GIS methods. As a result of the analyses, areas suitable and unsuitable for settlement have been identified. Furthermore, the study examined the city's problems and presented solution proposals.In the scope of the study, satellite images, drone images, photographs, topographic maps, statistical data, zoning plans, historical records, and literature studies were used, and all these data were supported by fieldwork.
Description
Keywords
Fethiye (Muğla), Şehir Coğrafyası, Mekânsal Gelişim, Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS), Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi (AHP), Fethiye (Muğla), Urban Geography, Spatial Development, Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)