Person: RAYAMAN, PERVİN
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RAYAMAN
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PERVİN
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Publication Open Access Antibiotic resistance(2023-01-01) RAYAMAN, PERVİN; RAYAMAN P.Antibiotics are medicines used to prevent and treat bacterial infections. Antibiotic resistance occurs when the response of bacteria to medicines. Unfortunately nowadays the emergence of resistance among bacterial pathogens is a major public worldwide health problem. Antibiotic resistance is a vital problem since it concerns human, animals, plants and environmental factors. Additionally, multidrug-resistant organisms have emerged not only in the hospital but also in the community. The presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria reservoirs outside the hospital is a worlwide issue which concerns many scientist. Moreover, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) antibiotic resistance is one of the 3 most important public health threats of the 21st century. Furthermore, according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) antibiotic resistance is estimated to cause around 300 million premature deaths by 2050, with a loss of up to $100 trillion (£64 trillion) to the global economy. As it is known the mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance are modifications of the antimicrobial target, Enzymatic degradation of antibacterial drugs, changes in membrane permeability to antibiotics, changes in important metabolic pathways, activation of efflux mechanism. During the modifications of the antimicrobial target in order to avoid the action of the antibiotic bacteria have evolved different tactics one of which is target protection (avoiding the antibiotic to reach its binding site) and the other one is modifications of the target site which results in decreased affinity for the antibiotic molecule. For example drugs affected by this mechanism include tetracycline (Tet[M] and Tet[O]), fluoroquinolones (Qnr) and fusidic acid (FusB and FusC) during target protections. The methicillin resistance seen in Staphylococcus aureus due to replacement of an exogenous PBP (PBP2a) and vancomycin resistance in enterococci is an example of replacement or bypass of the original target. The β-Lactamases, macrolide esterases and aminoglycoside acetyltransferases are take place in enzymatic degradation of antibacterial drugs. Many of the antibiotics used in clinical practice have intracellular bacterial targets. Therefore, the compound must penetrate the outer and/or cytoplasmic membrane in order to exert its antimicrobial effect. β-lactams, tetracyclines and some fluoroquinolones are particularly affected by changes in permeability of the outer membrane. Also one of the most important mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance is the activation of efflux mechanisms. Many classes of efflux pumps have been characterized in both gram-negative and gram-positive pathogens. It is known that more than 20 different tet genes cause tetracycline resistance. Additionally, MDR efflux pumps like AcrAB-TolC in Enterobacteriaceae and MexAB-OprM in P. aeruginosa are able to extrude tetracyclines (including tigecycline) as part of their contribution to multidrug resistance. In order to combat with antibiotic resistance one should protect him or herself and also his or her family. As it is known infections caused by multi-drug antibiotic-resistant germs are quiet difficult, and sometimes impossible to treat. However we can help stop the spread of these microorganisms. Normally, antibiotic resistance happens when microorganisms like bacteria and fungi develop the ability to defeat the drugs designed to kill them. People can not completely avoid getting an infection, but there are few precautions that you can take in order to reduce infection risk. These are, washing hands, getting vaccinated, using antibiotics appropriately, preparing food safely, being vigilant when traveling abroad and preventing sexually transmitted diseases.Consequently, antibiotic resistance is a worlwide problem which concerns many scientist since combating with it getting hard day by day. Merely, if the neccessary precaution metioned about are taken, antibiotic resistance could be minimalized.Publication Metadata only Antibiotic resistance(2023-12-10) RAYAMAN, PERVİN; RAYAMAN P.Publication Metadata only Probiyotik ürünlerden izole edilen laktik asit bakterilerinin ultrasonikasyon sonrası antimikrobiyal etkinliğinin belirlenmesi(2023-08-15) RAYAMAN, PERVİN; RAYAMAN, ERKAN; BİNGÖL ÖZAKPINAR, ÖZLEM; Bolat G., RAYAMAN P., RAYAMAN E., BİNGÖL ÖZAKPINAR Ö.Giriş ve Amaç: Yeterli miktarlarda alındığında intestinal sistemi düzenleyerek konakçı sağlığı üzerine faydalı etkilere sahip canlı mikroorganizma suşları olarak tanımlanan probiyotiklerin bağırsak epiteliyal bariyer fonksiyonunu iyileştirdiği, immünomodülatör yanıtları düzenlediği, toksin reseptörlerini bozduğu, inhibitör maddeler ürettiği, çeşitli mekanizmalar kullanarak patojen mikroorganizmaları inhibe ettiği bilinmektedir. Dolayısıyla çalışmamızda, çeşitli probiyotik ürünlerden izole edilen laktik asit bakterilerinin ultrasonikasyon sonrası antimikrobiyal etkinliğinin belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmamızda; Lactobacillus fermentum ATCC (Amerikan Tipi Kültür Koleksiyonu) 14931, ev yapımı kefirden izole edilen Lactobacillus kefiri ve eczane preparatından izole edilen Lactobacillus rhamnosus türü mikroorganizmaların in vitro koşullarda Escherichia coli ATCC 11229, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 4352 bakterileri ve Candida albicans ATCC 10231 mayası üzerine olan antimikrobiyal aktivitesi spot on lawn yöntemiyle belirlenmiştir. Çalışmamızda bulunan mikroorganizmalar Marmara Üniversitesi Farmasötik Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı’nın kültür stok koleksiyonundan temin edilmiştir. Çalışmamızdaki Laktobacillus türleri 15 ml’lik Falcon tüplerine aktarılmış ve MRSA (Mann Rogosa Sharpe Agar) içeren petrilere damlatılarak inkübe edilmiştir. İnkübasyon sonrası probiyotik mikroorganizmalara ultrason cihazında ms 73 prob, %50 genişlik ayarlanarak; 6 dakika boyunca ultrasonik homojenikatör uygulanmış ve MRSA besiyeri içeren petrilerin yüzeyine 5 μL damlatılarak inkübe edilmiştir. İnkübasyon sonrası probiyotik mikroorganizmaların bulunduğu petri plaklarının üzerine McFarland 0,5 standart bulanıklığına ayarlanmış bakteriler ve McFarland 1 standart bulanıklığına ayarlanmış maya süspansiyonu içeren yumuşak agar dökülmüş ve petriler bakteriler için 24 saat, maya için ise 48 saat süre ile 37°C’de inkübe edildikten sonra oluşan inhibisyon zonlarının çapı elektronik kumpas yardımı ile mm olarak ölçülüp kaydedilmiştir. Bulgular ve Sonuç: Çalışmada yer alan tüm probiyotik mikroorganizmalar ultrasonikasyon sonrası Escherichia coli ATCC 11229, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 4352 patojenlerine karşı başlangıç değerine göre daha fazla antimikrobiyal etki göstermiştir. Lactobacillus fermentum ve Lactobacillus kefiri türlerinin Candida albicans’a karşı başlangıçta etki edemezken ultrasonikasyon sonrası inhibisyon zonu oluşturduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak ultrasonikasyon işleminin probiyotik ürünlerden izole edilen laktik asit bakterilerinin antimikrobiyal etkinliğini arttırdığı gösterilmiştir. Çalışmamızın bu alanda yapılacak araştırmalara ışık tutacağı kanısındayız.Publication Metadata only Investigation on biological activity of Thymus longicaulis subsp. longicaulis var.subisophyllus and analysis of its phytochemical content by HPLC-DAD(2022-08-03) RAYAMAN, PERVİN; ŞENKARDEŞ, İSMAİL; TAŞKIN, TURGUT; YILMAZ E., RAYAMAN P., ÖZDATLI KURTULUŞ Ş., ERMANOĞLU M., TAŞKIN D., ŞENKARDEŞ İ., TAŞKIN T.Publication Metadata only Lactobacillus plantarum suşlarının ultrasonikasyon öncesi ve sonrası antimikrobiyal etkinliğinin spot on lawn yöntemi ile araştırılması(2023-08-15) RAYAMAN, PERVİN; BİNGÖL ÖZAKPINAR, ÖZLEM; ÖZDURAN E., RAYAMAN P., BİNGÖL ÖZAKPINAR Ö.Giriş ve Amaç İnsan sindirim sistemi patojen mikroorganizmaların gelişimini baskılayan ve sağlıklı bir sistemi teşvik eden yaklaşık 400 probiyotik bakteri türünü içermektedir. Çalışmamızın amacı farklı probiyotik ürünlerden izole edilen Lactobacillus plantarum suşlarının ultrasonikasyon işlemi öncesi ve sonrası göstereceği antimikrobiyal aktivitelerinin 'spot on lawn' yöntemi ile karşılaştırılmasıdır. Gereç ve Yöntem Probiyotik mikroorganizmalar Lactobacillus plantarum Amerikan Tipi Kültür Koleksiyonu (ATCC) 14917 ile peynir altı suyundan ve eczane preparatından izole edilen 2 faklı Lactobacillus plantarum olmak üzere toplamda üç faklı Lactobacillus plantarum suşunun in vitro koşullarda Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028, Escherichia coli ATCC 11229, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 4352 ve Candida albicans ATCC 10231 mikroorganizmaları üzerinde antimikrobiyal aktivitesi araştırılmıştır. Çalışmamızda bulunan mikroorganizmalar Marmara Üniversitesi Farmasötik Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı’nın kültür stok koleksiyonundan temin edilmiştir. Probiyotik mikroorganizmaların antimikrobiyal etkisi spot on lawn yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Lactobasillus plantarum’un üç farklı suşu 15 ml alınarak falcon tüplerine aktarılmış, Mann Rogosa Sharpe Agar (MRSA) içeren petri kaplarına damlatılmış ve inkübasyona kaldırılmıştır. Daha sonra tüplerdeki probiyotik mikroorganizma süspansiyonuna ultrasonikasyon cihazında ms 73 prob, %50 genişlik ayarlanarak; 6 dakika boyunca ultrasonik homojenikatör uygulanmış ve MRSA besiyeri içeren petrilerin yüzeyine 5 μL damlatılarak inkübe edilmiştir. İnkübasyon sonrası üç ayrı Lactobacillus plantarum suşunun bulunduğu petri plaklarının üzerine McFarland 0,5 standart bulanıklığına ayarlanmış bakteri ve McFarland 1 standart bulanıklığına ayarlanmış maya süspansiyonu yumuşak agar üzerine dökülmüş ve petriler 24 saat boyunca 37°C sıcaklıkta inkübe edilmiştir. İnkübasyon sonrası oluşan inhibisyon zonlarının çapları dijital kumpas ile mm olarak ölçülüp kaydedilmiştir. Bulgular ve Sonuç Çalışmamızda Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 14917 suşu ultrasonikasyon sonrası tüm bakterilere karşı başlangıç değerlerine göre daha fazla antimikrobiyal aktivite gösterirken, eczane preparatından izole edilen Lactobacillus plantarum suşunun Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus ve Candida albicans'a karşı; peynir altı suyundan izole edilen Lactobacillus plantarum suşunun ise Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae ve Candida albicans’a karşı antimikrobiyal etki gösterdiği saptanmıştır. Probiyotik mikroorganizmaların etki mekanizmalarının aydınlatılması için ileri çalışmalara gereksinim bulunmaktadır.Publication Metadata only Investigation of antioxidant, enzyme inhibition and antimicrobial effects of Ononis viscosa(2022-08-03) RAYAMAN, PERVİN; TAŞKIN, TURGUT; MUŞ Z. S., RAYAMAN P., PETEK V., ARSLAN Ş., ERMANOĞLU M., ŞAHİN T., TAŞKIN T., KILIÇ Ö.Publication Metadata only Geçmişten günümüze probiyotikler(2022-03-22) RAYAMAN, PERVİN; RAYAMAN P.Publication Open Access Antimicrobial effect of probiotic microorganisms onclinical and standard Staphylococcus aureus isolates(2023-12-01) RAYAMAN, PERVİN; RAYAMAN, ERKAN; TETİK N., RAYAMAN P., RAYAMAN E., ADALETİ R.In this study we aimed to identify probiotic microorganisms in various pharmacy preparations, market and homemade probiotic products and investigate the antimicrobial effect of these microorganisms on clinical and standard Staphylococcus aureus isolates. The probiotic microorganisms were isolated from probiotic products mentioned above, then identified by Matrix Assisted Laser Ionization Mass Spectrophotometer (MALDI-TOF, Biomeriux) and also by conventional methods. The tolerance of these probiotic microorganisms to different salt, pH and temperature conditions was also detected. The antimicrobial activity of the specified probiotic microorganisms on S. aureus was designated by using spot on lawn and agar well diffusion methods. In our study among 16 probiotic products, 27 various probiotic microorganisms were specified by MALDI-TOF. Additionally, 15 of these probiotic microorganism species had an isolated reliability value above 90%. In our study 10 probiotic microorganism species, 7 of which were different from each other were found to maintain their viability in three various pH, salt and temperature conditions. These probiotic microorganisms were Lactobacillus rhamnosus (P.2 probiotic pharmaceutical product), Enterococcus gallinarum (homemade whey), Lactobacillus kefiri 1 (homemade kefir), Bacillus megaterium (homemade pickled juice), Lactobacillus kefiri 2 (homemade kefir), Lactobacillus rhamnosus (P.1 company preparation) Lactobacillus plantarum (P.3 company preparation), Bifidobacterium spp (M.4 company pure kefir), Enterococcus faecium (P.3 company preparation). We determined that Lactobacillus plantarum isolated from homemade whey had the highest antimicrobial activity on clinical MRSA 3 (Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus) strain (inhibition zone =45.62 mm ± 0.84. Also, we have found that, probiotic microorganisms isolated from pharmacy preparations, market and homemade probiotic products showed antibacterial effect on clinical and standard Staphylococcus aureus by spot on lawn method. We designated that besides probiotic microorganisms isolated from various pharmacy preparations, probiotic microorganisms isolated from market and homemade products were efficient against clinical and standard S. aureus isolatesPublication Metadata only Synergic potential of Pelargonium endlicherianum Fenzl. Essential oil and antibiotic combinations against Klebsiella pneumoniae(ELSEVIER, 2020) GÜRBÜZ, BURÇAK; Dumlupinar, Berrak; Karatoprak, Gokce Seker; Celik, Damla Damar; Gurer, Umran Soyogul; Demirci, Betul; Gurbuz, Burcak; Rayaman, Pervin; Kurtulus, Eda MerveIn this study we investigated antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae and the phagocytic functions of human leukocyte cells as revealed in an in vitro experimental model combining cefepime and gentamicin with Pelargonium endlicherianum Fenzl. essential oil treatments. The bactericidal effects of this essential oil and antibiotic combinations were dynamically detected by time-kill assay. To examine the function of this essential oil and antibiotics in permeating outer membrane barriers when used singly or in combination, a UV spectrophotometer was used, and morphologic images were captured by scanning electron microscopy. The antibacterial activity of the essential oil and antibiotics was assessed using broth microdilution and agar well diffusion. The combined effects of the essential oils of P. endlicherianum and gentamicin and cefepime were evaluated by means of the checkerboard method against K. pneumoniae. In the assays, fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) values were calculated to characterize the interactions between the combinations. In the combinations of essential oil and antibiotics, the sensitivity of the bacteria to antibiotics increased and the antibiotics had a synergistic effect, and the antibacterial effect on the microorganisms increased. The cefepime + essential oil pair tested showed a synergistic effect (FIC <= 0.5), but the gentamicin + essential oil pair did not (FIC > 0.5-4.0). Thus, the cefepime + essential oil pair has been found to exhibit a synergistic effect against K. pneumoniae compared to the gentamicin + essential oil pair. According to the results obtained here, the combined use of essential oils with antibiotics can be applied as a treatment strategy to reduce the use of antibiotics, reduce side effects, and possibly reverse antibiotic resistance to these microorganisms in light of the increase in multiple antibiotic resistance. (c) 2020 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Publication Metadata only Synthesis of new hydrazide-hydrazone derived from etophenamate and investigation of their antimicrobial activity(2023-10-22) GÜRBÜZ, BURÇAK; RAYAMAN, PERVİN; KARAKUŞ, SEVGİ; Saral Çakmak S., GÜRBÜZ B., RAYAMAN P., KARAKUŞ S.Recently since the emerging resistant strains to antimicrobial agents, the development of original antimicrobial agents in pharmaceutical chemistry has gained great importance. Antibiotic resistance is accepted as one of the greatest threatens against health worldwide. Since 1950s to now it is known that hydrazide-hydrazones have antimicrobial, anticancer, antitubercular, anticonvulsant etc., biological spectrum and biological activity (Polovic et al., 2019). Hydrazone derivatives are used in treatment and involved in the structure of many drugs such as nifuroxazide, nitrofurazone, bisanthren, budralazine, and levosimendan. Etophenamate was chosen as the starting compound to synthesis of 16 novel hydrazide-hydrazones. All of these derivatives were investigated in order to determine their antimicrobial activities. The structures of the synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, mass spectroscopy and elemental analysis. In this study, the antimicrobial activity of 16 hydrazide-hydrazone derivatives to 4 standard bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212) and 4 standard yeast strains (Candida albicans ATCC 90028, Candida glabrata ATCC 90030, Candida parapsilosis ATCC 90018, Candida tropicalis KUEN 1021) was examined by the microdilution method in accordance with the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) standards, and the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values of these derivatives were determined. It was found that among these derivatives, 2c (725-0.35µg/ml) and 2p (1000-0.5µg/ml) possed antimicrobial activity against all of the 8 standard microorganism strains.